Coming Late to Davening: Difference between revisions

# Someone who comes late to Davening and sees the minyan is up to the end of Pesukei Dezimrah and realizes that if were he to daven the usual order he would not be able to daven [[Shmoneh Esrei]] with a Minyan<ref> There is a famous dispute between the Kabbalists and Halachists whether one should forgo the regular order of Tefilah or forgo davening with a Tzibbur. The Halachists including the Tur, Shulchan Aruch and Rama hold one should skip in order to daven with a Tzibbur. The Chacham Tzvi 36 also says that one should skip according to the Arizal because the order of Tefilah is only lechatchila and the importance of Tefilah BeTzibbur is an overriding factor. So writes the Shulchan Aruch in Magim Mesharim that it is important to be on time so as not to ruin the order, to be inferred from this is the understanding that were one to come late one would inevitably skip. So say the Yaavetz in Mor Ukesia 52, Eliya Raba 52:5, Kesher Gudal 5:10, Meorei Or (Bear Sheva 21b). However, Bear Heteiv 52 records the practice of the pious did not change the order even if they were late. Shalmei Tzibbur 9b, Minchat Aharon 12:13, Ben Ish Chai in Ben Yehoyada (R”H 35a), Sh”t Yaskil Avdi O”C 1:2(6), Sh”t Simchat Cohen 7:6, and Kaf Hachaim Sofer 52 agree. See also the Shalmei Tzibur quoting the Chacham Tzvi on p. 67c. However, Mamar Mordechai 52:1 says [[davening]] in order even at the expense of praying with a [[minyan]] only applies to someone who always follows the Arizal but since we follow Shulchan Aruch (especially according to the Chacham Tzvi who says the Arizal agrees with the Shulchan Aruch) one should skip. Naveh Shalom 1 pg 124d, Sh”t Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 60, Chesed LeAlafim 52, and Mishna Brurah 52:1,6 agree. See further Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 4: 91, Sh”t Yacheve Daat 5:5. </ref>, he should do the following order: put on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]], say Elokei Netsor, Brachot Hatorah, Baruch Sh’amar, Ashrei, Haleluyah Halelu Min HaShamayim, Haleluyah El Bekodsho, Yishtabach, Brachot Yotzer, Shema, Brachot Geulah, [[Shmoneh Esrei]] with a [[Minyan]] or with the [[Chazarat HaShatz]] which is also called [[davening]] with a [[Minyan]] <ref> The following hold it is Tefillah Betzibbur: Sh”t Me’at Mayim 21, Taharat Mayim 400:9 in name of Rambam, Sh”t Chatam Sofer 4(edition Yerushalim 5733), Petach Hadvir 52, Ashel Avraham 52, Sh”T Bear Yitzchak O”C 20:2, Chazon Ish 19:7, Sh”T Ish Matzliach  O”C 11, Bear Moshe 1:12, Sh”t Shevet Levi 4:11. Sh”T Pri Tevuah 68, Sh”t Yechave Daat Y”D 5:7. However the Pri Megadim 52e, Sh”t Chavselet Hasharon O”C 2, Sh”t Amudei Esh 3:7, Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 3:9 argue it should not be considered Tefillah Betzibbur. </ref>, after [[davening]] he can return to say the Brachot Hashachar, Parshat Akeda, [[Korbanot]] and mizmorim of Pesukei Dezimrah that were skipped. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 52:1. Siddur Rav Amram Goan 1:102 says if one is late one should just say Baruch Sh’amar, Tehilat LeDavid (Ashrei without the first two pesukim), and Yishtabach. Smak 11, quotes Rav Neturei Goan who says one should add Haleluyah El Bekodsho. The Smag (Asin 19 pg 109b), Hagahot Maimon (Tefilat 7:50) in name of Rav Moshe Goan agrees. The Hagahot Smak 11 adds Haleluyah Min HaShamayim. Hagahot Maimon writes this in name of Sefer HaMitzvot. Rosh ([[Brachot]] 2:5) and Talmidei Rabbeinu Yonah (Brachot 23a) hold like Rav Amram Goan. Shulchan Aruch 52:1 holds like the Hagahot Smak that if there is less time one skips Haleluyah Min Hashamayim. Rama adds that if there is less time one also skips Haleluyah El Bekodsho. </ref> However, one should not be making up these [[prayers]] during [[Chazarat Hashatz]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Sheerit Yosef 1:page 12 and Hilchot Hashkamat Haboker 5764 page 1129 </ref>  

# If one skipped [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] and then made a mistake in [[Shmoneh Esrei]] for which he needs to repeat (forgetting Yaleh VeYavo on [[Rosh Chodesh]]), since he has to say [[Shmoneh Esrei]] again he should first say [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] with the Shem Umalchut in the Baruch Sh’amar and Yishtabach. <ref> Hagahot Rabbi Akiva Eiger 52 says if one forgot to say mashiv haruach one should say Pesukei Dezimrah with Brachot before he repeats [[Shmoneh Esrei]]. Maharsham in Daat Torah 52 quotes Sh”t Tiferet Tzvi 15 who agrees to Rabbi Akiva Eiger but says on [[Rosh Chodesh]] one should first say [[Hallel]] with the tzibbur before saying [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] but then one can only say [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] without Brachot since [[Hallel]] fulfills the obligation of saying praise from Tehilim for the day. Torat Chaim Sofer 52e says against the Rabbi Akiva Eiger so that one should repeat immediately so as not to interrupt between Geulah and Tefillah. Halacha Brurah 52:2 holds like Rabbi Akiva Eiger, Daat Torah, and Sh”t Tiferet Tzvi since anyway one is repeating [[Shmoneh Esrei]] one has to first prepare with praise as in [[Pesukei DeZimrah]]. Lumdus in Halacha: [Birur Halacha 52:3 says one could argue on the Rabbi Akiva Eiger based on the dispute of Rishonim (Tosfot Brachot 26b) whether one goes back for a [[Shmoneh Esrei]] that one forgot the Yaleh VeYavo can repeat if he is not able to add the Yaleh Veyavo in the Tashlumin. According to one opinion one can return since it is as if one did not pray at all and according to the other opinion one may not repeat because he has nothing to add. So too according to the opinion that it is not as if he did not pray at all, then one should not be able to say [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] with Brachot. Perhaps one can answer that only by Yaleh VeYavo which is just an addition is there a dispute if the [[Shmoneh Esrei]] counts, but by Mashiv HaRuach or Ten Tal UMatar which is part of the words of the bracha everyone agrees that it is considered as if one did not pray. Rav Chaim MeBrisk (Shuirei Grach pg 74) agrees. Thus, only by Mashiv HaRuach does Rabbi Akiva Eiger say you can say [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] but not for Yaleh VeYavo. However we do not pasken like this idea because Yalkut Yosef 1 pg 238 says that Ten Tal UMatar is even more of an addition since if one remembers within the Shema Esreh Ten Tal UMatar can be said even in Shema Kolenu but Yaleh Veyavo requires you to return to the beginning of the Bracha Ratzeh. So writes the Sh”t Har Tzvi O”C 54, Magen Avraham 108:16, Sh”t Chesed LeAvraham (Mehudra Tanina 20)] </ref> [Seemingly this is only if one already missed [[davening]] Shema Esreh with a [[minyan]], meaning starting [[Shmoneh Esrei]] with the Chazan.]