Coming Late to Davening: Difference between revisions

==Someone who comes late to Davening==

* S”A 52:1 writes that if one sees that the congregation is up to the Brachot of Shema and one will not have time to say [[Pesukei DeZimrah]], one should start the Brachot of Shema with the congregation and after one said [[Shemoneh Esrei]] one may not say Baruch SheAmar and Yishtabach. This is based on the following Geonim and Rishonim: Siddur Rav Amram Goan 1:102 pf 200a) in name of Rav Neturnai Goan, Aruch (Erech Tefilah), Sh”t Rashba 3:285, Machzor Vitri 23, Or Zaruha 1:100, Smak 12:77, Hagot Maimon Tefilah 7:50, Rashba 1:589 in name of Ramban, and Shibolei HaLeket (Siman 7). See, however, the opinion of the Rabbenu Yonah (Brachot 23a) that one may say these Brachot after [[Shemoneh Esrei]].

* Mishna Brurah 52:6 quotes the Mishkenaot Yacov who argues on S"A and says that it's preferable to say [[Shemoneh Esrei]] alone rather than skip [[Pesukei DeZimrah]]. However, Rabbi Hershel Schachter (cited by Bet Yitzchak vol 30, p. 593) quoting Rav Soloveitchik and Rav Ovadyah in Sh"t Yachava Daat 5:5 hold that like S"A that it's preferable to say [[Shemoneh Esrei]] with the congregation rather than say [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] with Brachot.</ref>

# If one skipped Pesukei Dezimrah and then made a mistake in [[Shemoneh Esrei]] for which he needs to repeat (forgetting Yaleh VeYavo on Rosh Chodesh), since he has to say [[Shemoneh Esrei]] again he should first say Pesukei Dezimrah with the Shem Umalchut in the Baruch Sh’amar and Yishtabach. <ref> Hagot Rabbi Akiva Eiger 52 says if one forgot to say mashiv haruach one should say Pesukei Dezimrah with Brachot before he repeats [[Shemoneh Esrei]]. Maharsham in Daat Torah 52 quotes Sh”t Tiferet Tzvi 15 who agrees to Rabbi Akiva Eiger but says on [[Rosh Chodesh]] one should first say Hallel with the Tzibbur before saying Pesukei Dezimrah but then one can only say Pesukei Dezimrah without Brachot since Hallel fulfills the obligation of saying praise from tehilim for the day. Torat Chaim Sofer 52e says against the Rabbi Akiva Eiger so that one should repeat immediately so as not to interrupt between Geulah and Tefilah. Halacha Brurah 52:2 holds like Rabbi Akiva Eiger, Daat Torah, and Sh”t Tiferet Tzvi since anyway one is repeating [[Shemoneh Esrei]] one has to first prepare with praise as in Pesukei Dezimrah. Lumdus in Halacha: [Birur Halacha 52:3 says one could argue on the Rabbi Akiva Eiger based on the dispute of Rishonim (Tosfot Brachot 26b) whether one goes back for a [[Shemoneh Esrei]] that one forgot the Yaleh VeYavo can repeat if he’s not able to add the Yaleh Veyavo in the Tashmulin. According to one opinion one can return since it’s as if he didn’t pray at all and according to the other opinion one can’t repeat because he has nothing to add. So too according to the opinion that it’s not as if he didn’t pray at all, then one shouldn’t be able to say Pesukei Dezimrah with Brachot. Perhaps one can answer that only by Yaleh VeYavo which is just an addition is there a dispute if the [[Shemoneh Esrei]] counts, but by Mashiv HaRuach or Ten Tal UMatar which is part of the words of the Bracha everyone agrees that it’s as if he didn’t pray. Rav Chaim MeBrisk (Shuirei Grach pg 74) agrees. Thus, only by Mashiv HaRuach does Rabbi Akiva Eiger say you can say Pesukei Dezimrah but not for Yaleh VeYavo. However we don’t pasken like this idea because Yalkut Yosef 1 pg 238 says that Ten Tal UMatar is even more of an addition since if one remembers within the Shema Esreh Ten Tal UMatar can be said even in Shema Kolenu but Yaleh Veyavo requires you to return to the beginning of the Bracha Ratzeh. So writes the Sh”t Har Tzvi O”C 54, Magan Avraham 108:16, Sh”t Chesed LeAvraham (Mehudra Tanina 20)] </ref> [Seemingly this is only if one already missed davening Shema Esreh with a minyan, meaning starting [[Shemoneh Esrei]] with the Chazan.]

# If one has more time, according to Ashkenazim who say Hodo after Baruch Sh’amar should add Hodo, but according to Sefardim should add the rest of the pesukim of Pesukei Dezimrah (such as Mizmor Letodah and Yehe Kavod). <ref> Rama 52:1 in name of Hagot Maimon Tefilah 7:50 says if one has more time than saying Pesukei Dezimrah with skipping one should add Hodu. Magan Avraham 52:1 explains that the Rama only means to add this after we add Vayevarech David since that’s the opinion of the Smag. So holds Mishna Brurah 52:4. Aruch Hashulchan 52 says that Az Yashir precedes Hodu against the Chaye Adam who says Hodu precedes Az Yashir. Bear Hetiev 52:3 in name of Lechem Chamudot that Mizmor Letodah is on the level of Hodu. Sephardim follow the Maamer Mordechai 52:2 and Kaf Hachaim 52:3.  </ref>

# If one has more time one should add some Korbanot starting with Lefikach until Shema and Baruch Shem, then parshat Tamid, ketoret until and not including Rabban Shimon Ben Gamliel, then Anna Bechoach and the Ribbon HaOlamim, Lechen Yehe Rason , (if there’s time add Aizehu  Mekoman), then Hodo until UBeNiveye Al Tirau, El Nikamot until Hashem Hoshea Hamelech ,Hashem Melech, Lamnatzeach and continue with Pesukei Dezimrah. <ref> Halacha Brurah 52:3, Sh”t Rav Poalim O”C 2:4, Sh”t Yechava Daat 5:5 in the footnote, Sh”t Ish Matzliach 1:15pg 42a, 76c. </ref>

==References==

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