Coming Late to Davening: Difference between revisions

# Someone who comes late to Davening and sees the minyan is up to the end of Pesukei DeZimrah and realizes that if were he to daven the usual order he would not be able to daven [[Shmoneh Esrei]] with a Minyan<ref> There is a famous dispute between the Kabbalists and Halachists whether one should forgo the regular order of Tefilah or forgo davening with a Tzibbur. The Halachists including the Tur, Shulchan Aruch and Rama hold one should skip in order to daven with a Tzibbur. The Chacham Tzvi 36 also says that one should skip according to the Arizal because the order of Tefilah is only lechatchila and the importance of Tefilah BeTzibbur is an overriding factor. So writes the Shulchan Aruch in Magim Mesharim that it is important to be on time so as not to ruin the order, to be inferred from this is the understanding that were one to come late one would inevitably skip. So say the Yaavetz in Mor Ukesia 52, Eliya Raba 52:5, Kesher Gudal 5:10, Meorei Or (Bear Sheva 21b). However, Bear Heteiv 52 records the practice of the pious did not change the order even if they were late. Shalmei Tzibbur 9b, Minchat Aharon 12:13, Ben Ish Chai in Ben Yehoyada (R”H 35a), Sh”t Yaskil Avdi O”C 1:2(6), Sh”t Simchat Cohen 7:6, and Kaf Hachaim Sofer 52 agree. See also the Shalmei Tzibur quoting the Chacham Tzvi on p. 67c. However, Mamar Mordechai 52:1 says [[davening]] in order even at the expense of praying with a [[minyan]] only applies to someone who always follows the Arizal but since we follow Shulchan Aruch (especially according to the Chacham Tzvi who says the Arizal agrees with the Shulchan Aruch) one should skip. Naveh Shalom 1 pg 124d, Sh”t Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 60, Chesed LeAlafim 52, and Mishna Brurah 52:1,6 agree. See further Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 4: 91, Sh”t Yacheve Daat 5:5. </ref>, he should do the following order: put on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]], say Elokei Netsor, Brachot Hatorah, Baruch Sh’amar, Ashrei, Haleluyah Halelu Min HaShamayim, Haleluyah El Bekodsho, Yishtabach, Brachot Yotzer, Shema, Brachot Geulah, [[Shmoneh Esrei]] with a [[Minyan]] or with the [[Chazarat HaShatz]] which is also called [[davening]] with a [[Minyan]] <ref> The following hold it is Tefillah Betzibbur: Sh”t Me’at Mayim 21, Taharat Mayim 400:9 in name of Rambam, Sh”t Chatam Sofer 4(edition Yerushalim 5733), Petach Hadvir 52, Ashel Avraham 52, Sh”T Bear Yitzchak O”C 20:2, Chazon Ish 19:7, Sh”T Ish Matzliach  O”C 11, Bear Moshe 1:12, Sh”t Shevet Levi 4:11. Sh”T Pri Tevuah 68, Sh”t Yechave Daat Y”D 5:7. However the Pri Megadim 52e, Sh”t Chavselet Hasharon O”C 2, Sh”t Amudei Esh 3:7, Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 3:9 argue it should not be considered Tefillah Betzibbur. </ref>, after [[davening]] he can return to say the Brachot Hashachar, Parshat Akeda, [[Korbanot]] and mizmorim of Pesukei DeZimrah that were skipped. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 52:1. Siddur Rav Amram Goan 1:102 says if one is late one should just say Baruch Sh’amar, Tehilat LeDavid (Ashrei without the first two pesukim), and Yishtabach. Smak 11, quotes Rav Neturei Goan who says one should add Haleluyah El Bekodsho. The Smag (Asin 19 pg 109b), Hagahot Maimon (Tefilat 7:50) in name of Rav Moshe Goan agrees. The Hagahot Smak 11 adds Haleluyah Min HaShamayim. Hagahot Maimon writes this in name of Sefer HaMitzvot. Rosh ([[Brachot]] 2:5) and Talmidei Rabbeinu Yonah (Brachot 23a) hold like Rav Amram Goan. Shulchan Aruch 52:1 holds like the Hagahot Smak that if there is less time one skips Haleluyah Min Hashamayim. Rama adds that if there is less time one also skips Haleluyah El Bekodsho. </ref> However, one should not be making up these [[prayers]] during [[Chazarat Hashatz]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Sheerit Yosef 1:page 12 and Hilchot Hashkamat Haboker 5764 page 1129 </ref>  

# On [[Shabbat]], one should skip Nishmat and not [[Pesukei DeZimrah]]. But if there is not enough time to say the mizmorim before [[Pesukei DeZimrah]], [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] and Nishmat one should skip the mizmorim before [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] and not Nishmat. If one has more time to say some of the mizmorim before [[Pesukei DeZimrah]], he should say mizmors “Hashamayim Mesaprim”, "Ledavid Beshenato” and “Tefilah Lemoshe”. <ref> Halacha Brurah 52:4. Chaye Adam 19:6 says Nishmat is an obligation of [[Shabbat]] (based on Pesachim 118a) and if there is little time one just says Baruch She’amar, Tehilat Ledavid, Nishmat, and Yishtabach. This is also the opinion of Mishna Berurah 52:5. The Sh”t Meishiv Halacha 439-440 adds that one should even miss Tefilah Betzibbur for Nishmat. However it seems that even the Chaye Adam would agree that one can skip Nishmat for Tefilah Betzibbur. On the other hand, Shalmei Tzibbur (shalmei chagiga pg 203b) holds [[Pesukei DeZimrah]] comes before Nishmat since it is a Tadir- regularly said passage compared to Nishmat. This is also the opinion of Siddur Bet Menucha 133b, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 14:7, and Shaarei Teshuva 281e in name of Shalmei Tzibbur. Sh”t Yechave Daat 5:5 footnote 1 argues with the Chaye Adam in that Nishmat is only a Minhag (based on Rambam and Talmidei Rabbenu Yonah); similarly the Sh”t Michtam LeDavid O”C 13 notes that it is not sourced in the Gemara, meaning the practice of saying it on [[Shabbat]] is not in the Gemara. The Lechem Hapanim on Kitzur Shulchan Aruch and Leviat Chen 18 agree. </ref>

# If one arrives late to shul on [[Shabbat]] and will have to skip certian parts of the [[prayer]] in order to say the [[Shmoneh Esrei]] with the tzibbur some consider it to be better to skip the [[korbanot]] while some say it is better that one skip the chapters of Tehillim that are recited especially for [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Hilchot Hashkamat Haboker 5764 page 116. In conclusion, he prefers the latter. </ref>