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Coming Late to Davening: Difference between revisions
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==Someone who comes late to Davening== | ==Someone who comes late to Davening== | ||
# Someone who comes late to Davening and sees the minyan up to the end of Pesukei Dezimrah and if he davens the usual order he won’t be able to daven Shemona Esrah with a Minyan<ref> There’s a famous dispute between the Kabbalist and Halachists whether one should forgo the regular order of Tefilah or forgo davening with a Tzibbur. The Halachists including the Tur, S”A and Rama hold one should skip in order to get davening with a Tzibbur. The Chacham Tzvi 36 also says that one should skip according to the Arizal because the order of Tefilah is only Lechatchila and the importance of Tefilah BeTzibbur is an overriding factor. So writes the S”A in Magim Mesharim that it’s important to be on time so as not to ruin the order, implying if one was late one skips. So say the Yaavetz in Mor Ukesia 52, Eliya Raba 52:5, Kesher Gudal 5:10, Meorei Or (Bear Sheva 21b). However, Bear Heteiv 52 records the practice of the pious not to change the order even if they were late. Shalmei Tzibbur 9b, Minchat Aharon 12:13, Ben Ish Chai in Ben Yehoyada (R”H 35a), Sh”t Yaskil Avdi O”C 1:2(6), Sh”t Simchat Cohen 7:6, and Kaf Hachaim Sofer 52 agree. See also the Shalmei Tzibur quoting the Chacham Tzvi on p. 67c. However, Mamar Mordechai 52:1 says davening in order even at the expense of praying with a minyan only applies to someone who always follows the Arizal but since we follow S”A (especially according to the Chacham Tzvi who says the Arizal agrees to the S”A) one should skip. Naveh Shalom 1 pg 124d, Sh”t Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 60, Chesed LeAlafim 52, and Mishna Brura 52:1,6 agree. see further Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 4: 91, Sh”t Yacheve Daat 5:5. </ref>, he should do the following order: put on [[Talit]] and Tefilin, say Elokei Netsor, Brachot Hatorah, Baruch Sh’amar, Ashrei, Haleluyah Halelu Min HaShamayim, Haleluyah El Bekodsho, Yishtabach, Brachot Yotzer, Shema, Brachot Geulah, [[Shemoneh Esrei]] with a Minyan or with the Chazarat HaShatz which is also called davening with a Minyan <ref> The following hold it’s Tefilah Betzibbur: Sh”t Me’at Mayim 21, Taharat Mayim 400:9 in name of Rambam, Sh”t Chatam Sofer 4(edition Yerushalim 5733), Petach Hadvir 52, Ashel Avraham 52, Sh”T Bear Yitzchak O”C 20:2, Chazon Ish 19:7, Sh”T Ish Matzliach O”C 11, Bear Moshe 1:12, Sh”t Shevet Levi 4:11. Sh”T Pri Tevuah 68, Sh”t | # Someone who comes late to Davening and sees the minyan up to the end of Pesukei Dezimrah and if he davens the usual order he won’t be able to daven Shemona Esrah with a Minyan<ref> There’s a famous dispute between the Kabbalist and Halachists whether one should forgo the regular order of Tefilah or forgo davening with a Tzibbur. The Halachists including the Tur, S”A and Rama hold one should skip in order to get davening with a Tzibbur. The Chacham Tzvi 36 also says that one should skip according to the Arizal because the order of Tefilah is only Lechatchila and the importance of Tefilah BeTzibbur is an overriding factor. So writes the S”A in Magim Mesharim that it’s important to be on time so as not to ruin the order, implying if one was late one skips. So say the Yaavetz in Mor Ukesia 52, Eliya Raba 52:5, Kesher Gudal 5:10, Meorei Or (Bear Sheva 21b). However, Bear Heteiv 52 records the practice of the pious not to change the order even if they were late. Shalmei Tzibbur 9b, Minchat Aharon 12:13, Ben Ish Chai in Ben Yehoyada (R”H 35a), Sh”t Yaskil Avdi O”C 1:2(6), Sh”t Simchat Cohen 7:6, and Kaf Hachaim Sofer 52 agree. See also the Shalmei Tzibur quoting the Chacham Tzvi on p. 67c. However, Mamar Mordechai 52:1 says davening in order even at the expense of praying with a minyan only applies to someone who always follows the Arizal but since we follow S”A (especially according to the Chacham Tzvi who says the Arizal agrees to the S”A) one should skip. Naveh Shalom 1 pg 124d, Sh”t Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 60, Chesed LeAlafim 52, and Mishna Brura 52:1,6 agree. see further Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 4: 91, Sh”t Yacheve Daat 5:5. </ref>, he should do the following order: put on [[Talit]] and Tefilin, say Elokei Netsor, Brachot Hatorah, Baruch Sh’amar, Ashrei, Haleluyah Halelu Min HaShamayim, Haleluyah El Bekodsho, Yishtabach, Brachot Yotzer, Shema, Brachot Geulah, [[Shemoneh Esrei]] with a Minyan or with the Chazarat HaShatz which is also called davening with a Minyan <ref> The following hold it’s Tefilah Betzibbur: Sh”t Me’at Mayim 21, Taharat Mayim 400:9 in name of Rambam, Sh”t Chatam Sofer 4(edition Yerushalim 5733), Petach Hadvir 52, Ashel Avraham 52, Sh”T Bear Yitzchak O”C 20:2, Chazon Ish 19:7, Sh”T Ish Matzliach O”C 11, Bear Moshe 1:12, Sh”t Shevet Levi 4:11. Sh”T Pri Tevuah 68, Sh”t Yechave Daat Y”D 5:7 . However the Pri megadim 52e, Sh”t Chavselet Hasharon O”C 2, Sh”t Amudei Esh 3:7, Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 3:9 argue it shouldn’t be considered Tefilah Betzibbur. </ref>, after davening he can return to say the Brachot Hashachar, Parshat Akeda, Korbanot and mizmorim of Pesukei Dezimrah that were skipped. <ref> S”A 52:1. Siddur Rav Amram Goan 1:102 says if one’s late he should just say Baruch Sh’amar, Tehilat LeDavid (Ashrei without the first two pesukim), and Yishtabach. Smak 11, quotes Rav Neturei Goan who says one should add Haleluyah El Bekodsho. The Smag (Asin 19 pg 109b), Hagahot Maimon (Tefilat 7:50) in name of Rav Moshe Goan agrees. The Hagahot Smak ibid. adds Haleluyah Min HaShamayim. Hagahot Maimon writes this in name of Sefer HaMitzvot. Rosh (Brachot 2:5) and Talmidei Rabbeinu Yonah (Brachot 23a) hold like Rav Amram Goan. S”A 52:1 holds like the Hagahot Smak that if there’s less time one skips Haleluyah Min Hashamayim. Rama adds that if there’s less time one also skips Haleluyah El Bekodsho. </ref> However, one should not be making up these prayers during Chazarat Hashatz. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Sheerit Yosef 1:page 12 and Hilchot Hashkamat Haboker 5764 page 1129 </ref> | ||
==If one has less time== | ==If one has less time== | ||
# If there’s less time than that one should also skip Haleluyah Halelu Min HaShamayim and if there’s less time than that one should also skip Haleluyah El Bekodsho.<ref> S”A 52:1 holds like the Hagahot Smak that if there’s less time one skips Haleluyah Min Hashamayim. Rama based on Rav Amram Goan adds that if there’s less time one also skips Haleluyah El Bekodsho. Rama 52:1 based on the Rosh (Brachot 5:6), Mishna Brurah 52:6, and Kitzur S"A 14:7 hold that at a minimum one may say an abbreviated Pesukei Dezimrah consisting of only Baruch SheAmar, Ashrei, and Yishtabach.</ref> | # If there’s less time than that one should also skip Haleluyah Halelu Min HaShamayim and if there’s less time than that one should also skip Haleluyah El Bekodsho.<ref> S”A 52:1 holds like the Hagahot Smak that if there’s less time one skips Haleluyah Min Hashamayim. Rama based on Rav Amram Goan adds that if there’s less time one also skips Haleluyah El Bekodsho. Rama 52:1 based on the Rosh (Brachot 5:6), Mishna Brurah 52:6, and Kitzur S"A 14:7 hold that at a minimum one may say an abbreviated Pesukei Dezimrah consisting of only Baruch SheAmar, Ashrei, and Yishtabach.</ref> | ||
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# If one has more time he should add Az Yashir. <ref> Halacha Brurah 52:3 in name of Chaye Adam 19:4. </ref> | # If one has more time he should add Az Yashir. <ref> Halacha Brurah 52:3 in name of Chaye Adam 19:4. </ref> | ||
# If one has more time, according to Ashkenazim who say Hodo after Baruch Sh’amar should add Hodo, but according to Sefardim should add the rest of the pesukim of Pesukei Dezimrah (such as Mizmor Letodah and Yehe Kavod). <ref> Rama 52:1 in name of Hagahot Maimon Tefilah 7:50 says if one has more time than saying Pesukei Dezimrah with skipping one should add Hodu. Magan Avraham 52:1 explains that the Rama only means to add this after we add Vayevarech David since that’s the opinion of the Smag. So holds Mishna Brurah 52:4. Aruch Hashulchan 52 says that Az Yashir precedes Hodu against the Chaye Adam who says Hodu precedes Az Yashir. Bear Hetiev 52:3 in name of Lechem Chamudot that Mizmor Letodah is on the level of Hodu. Sephardim follow the Maamer Mordechai 52:2 and Kaf Hachaim 52:3. </ref> | # If one has more time, according to Ashkenazim who say Hodo after Baruch Sh’amar should add Hodo, but according to Sefardim should add the rest of the pesukim of Pesukei Dezimrah (such as Mizmor Letodah and Yehe Kavod). <ref> Rama 52:1 in name of Hagahot Maimon Tefilah 7:50 says if one has more time than saying Pesukei Dezimrah with skipping one should add Hodu. Magan Avraham 52:1 explains that the Rama only means to add this after we add Vayevarech David since that’s the opinion of the Smag. So holds Mishna Brurah 52:4. Aruch Hashulchan 52 says that Az Yashir precedes Hodu against the Chaye Adam who says Hodu precedes Az Yashir. Bear Hetiev 52:3 in name of Lechem Chamudot that Mizmor Letodah is on the level of Hodu. Sephardim follow the Maamer Mordechai 52:2 and Kaf Hachaim 52:3. </ref> | ||
# If one has more time one should add some Korbanot starting with Lefikach until Shema and Baruch Shem, then parshat Tamid, ketoret until and not including Rabban Shimon Ben Gamliel, then Anna Bechoach and the Ribbon HaOlamim, Lechen Yehe Rason , (if there’s time add Aizehu Mekoman), then Hodo until UBeNiveye Al Tirau, El Nikamot until Hashem Hoshea Hamelech ,Hashem Melech, Lamnatzeach and continue with Pesukei Dezimrah. <ref> Halacha Brurah 52:3, Sh”t Rav Poalim O”C 2:4, Sh”t | # If one has more time one should add some Korbanot starting with Lefikach until Shema and Baruch Shem, then parshat Tamid, ketoret until and not including Rabban Shimon Ben Gamliel, then Anna Bechoach and the Ribbon HaOlamim, Lechen Yehe Rason , (if there’s time add Aizehu Mekoman), then Hodo until UBeNiveye Al Tirau, El Nikamot until Hashem Hoshea Hamelech ,Hashem Melech, Lamnatzeach and continue with Pesukei Dezimrah. <ref> Halacha Brurah 52:3, Sh”t Rav Poalim O”C 2:4, Sh”t Yechave Daat 5:5 in the footnote, Sh”t Ish Matzliach 1:15pg 42a, 76c. </ref> | ||
# On [[Shabbat]], one should skip Nishmat and not Pesukei Dezimrah. But if there’s not enough time to say the mizmorim before Pesukei Dezimrah, Pesukei Dezimrah and Nishmat one should skip the mizmorim before Pesukei Dezimrah and not Nishmat. If he has more time to say some of the mizmorim before Pesukei Dezimrah, he should say mizmors “Hashamayim Mesaprim”, Ledavid Beshenato” and “Tefilah Lemoshe”. <ref> Halacha Brurah 52:4. Chaye Adam 19:6 says Nishmat is an obligation of [[Shabbat]] (based on Pesachim 118a) and if there’s little time one just says Brauch Sh’amar, Tehilat Ledavid, Nishmat, Yishtabach. So holds Mishna Brurah 52:5. The Sh”t Meshiev Halacha 439-440 adds that should even miss Tefilah Betibbur for Nishmat. However it seems that even the Chaye Adam would agree that one can skip Nishmat for Tefilah Betzibbur. On the other hand, Shalmei Tzibbur (shalmei chagiga pg 203b) holds Pesukei Dezimrah comes before Nishmat since it’s a Tadir- regularly said passage compared to Nishmat. So holds Siddur Bet Menucha 133b, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 14:7, Shaarei Teshuva 281e in name of Shalmei Tzibbur. Sh”t yecha Daat 5:5 footnote 1 argues with the Chaye Adam in that Nishmat is only a Minhag (based on Rambam and Talmidei Rabbenu Yonah), similairly the Sh”t Michtam LeDavid O”C 13 says it’s not sourced in the gemara, meaning the practice of saying it on [[Shabbat]] isn’t in the gemara. The Lechem Hapanim on Kitzur Shulchan Aruch and Leviat Chen 18 agree. </ref> | # On [[Shabbat]], one should skip Nishmat and not Pesukei Dezimrah. But if there’s not enough time to say the mizmorim before Pesukei Dezimrah, Pesukei Dezimrah and Nishmat one should skip the mizmorim before Pesukei Dezimrah and not Nishmat. If he has more time to say some of the mizmorim before Pesukei Dezimrah, he should say mizmors “Hashamayim Mesaprim”, Ledavid Beshenato” and “Tefilah Lemoshe”. <ref> Halacha Brurah 52:4. Chaye Adam 19:6 says Nishmat is an obligation of [[Shabbat]] (based on Pesachim 118a) and if there’s little time one just says Brauch Sh’amar, Tehilat Ledavid, Nishmat, Yishtabach. So holds Mishna Brurah 52:5. The Sh”t Meshiev Halacha 439-440 adds that should even miss Tefilah Betibbur for Nishmat. However it seems that even the Chaye Adam would agree that one can skip Nishmat for Tefilah Betzibbur. On the other hand, Shalmei Tzibbur (shalmei chagiga pg 203b) holds Pesukei Dezimrah comes before Nishmat since it’s a Tadir- regularly said passage compared to Nishmat. So holds Siddur Bet Menucha 133b, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 14:7, Shaarei Teshuva 281e in name of Shalmei Tzibbur. Sh”t yecha Daat 5:5 footnote 1 argues with the Chaye Adam in that Nishmat is only a Minhag (based on Rambam and Talmidei Rabbenu Yonah), similairly the Sh”t Michtam LeDavid O”C 13 says it’s not sourced in the gemara, meaning the practice of saying it on [[Shabbat]] isn’t in the gemara. The Lechem Hapanim on Kitzur Shulchan Aruch and Leviat Chen 18 agree. </ref> | ||
