Choresh: Difference between revisions
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==Definition== | ==Definition== | ||
#Choresh, or [[plowing]], is one of the 39 melachot | #Choresh, or [[plowing]], is one of the 39 Av melachot,<ref>Mishna in Masechet [[Shabbat]] 73a </ref>and It is considered the 2nd Av Melacha (or the 1st depending on whose list one is using) in whats called the order of the bread making (''siddura depat).''<ref>The mishna on 73b has it 2nd on its list, while the Rambam - Shabbat (7:1) and others have it 1st </ref> | ||
#The definition of Choresh is any action that prepares the soil for [[planting]].<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 251) </ref> | |||
#The three types of actions that are forbidden as ‘[[Plowing]]’ are making holes, softening, and flattening the ground to prepare it for [[planting]].<ref>Kalkelet [[Shabbat]] 2 </ref> | #The three types of actions that are forbidden as ‘[[Plowing]]’ are making holes, softening, and flattening the ground to prepare it for [[planting]].<ref>Kalkelet [[Shabbat]] 2 </ref> | ||
#The extensions of the Torah prohibition of ‘[[Plowing]]’ include removing rocks or thorns from a field, spreading out fertilizer in a field, and watering a field (in order to soften it).<ref>Rambam [[Shabbat]] 8:1 </ref> | #The extensions (''Toladot)'' of the Torah prohibition of ‘[[Plowing]]’ include removing rocks or thorns from a field, spreading out fertilizer in a field, and watering a field (in order to soften it).<ref>Rambam [[Shabbat]] 8:1 </ref> | ||
#It's forbidden to remove dirt mounds and stones or fill in holes in the field in order to flatten the ground.<ref>Mishna Brurah (Intro to 337) </ref> | #It's forbidden to remove dirt mounds and stones or fill in holes in the field in order to flatten the ground.<ref>Mishna Brurah (Intro to 337) </ref> | ||
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==Cleaning off one's shoes== | ==Cleaning off one's shoes== | ||
#The rabbinic prohibitions on this action are removing dirt from one’s shoe in a field [because you may come to fill a hole]. A tiled courtyard is included in this prohibition but a house isn’t (unless the ground is dirt).<ref>S”A 302:6, 337:2, B”HL {{ibid}}. “VeYesh” </ref> | #The rabbinic prohibitions on this action are removing dirt from one’s shoe in a field [because you may come to fill a hole]. A tiled courtyard is included in this prohibition but a house isn’t (unless the ground is dirt). Others say that the only place where one can't clean mud off ones shoes or feet would be on a dirt floor, but on a wall or a paved floor, it would be permitted.<ref>S”A 302:6, 337:2, B”HL {{ibid}}. “VeYesh” | ||
Chazon Ovadia shabbat 4 pg. 54 - this gezeirah was made incase one forgets its shabbat and once he wipes the mud of his shoes or legs, will come to flatten the ground (See tos. dilma shabbat 141a) </ref> | |||
#One can’t rub spit into the ground but one can step on it regularly.<ref>S”A 316:11, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 255) | #One can’t rub spit into the ground but one can step on it regularly.<ref>S”A 316:11, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 255) | ||
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#Even there's no issue of Choresh in digging or [[plowing]] in a arid desert soil, or under a low deck or porch where vegetation can not grow, nonetheless there is another concern of Boneh.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 254) </ref> | #Even there's no issue of Choresh in digging or [[plowing]] in a arid desert soil, or under a low deck or porch where vegetation can not grow, nonetheless there is another concern of Boneh.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 254) </ref> | ||
==Sweeping on shabbat== | ==Sweeping and rinsing floor on shabbat== | ||
#One may not sweep in a courtyard even if it’s tiled as a prohibition of sweeping a field but sweeping in a house (with flooring, where majority of houses in the city have flooring) is permitted. One shouldn’t use a broom with straw bristles because it’s definitely going to cause individual bristles to break.<ref>S”A 337:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 80:73, Mishna Brurah 337:14, Sefer Hilchot [[Shabbat]] (vol 2 pg 51, Choresh note 115, by Rabbi Eider) in name of Rabbi Moshe Feinstein), 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 256-7) | #One may not sweep in a courtyard even if it’s tiled as a prohibition of sweeping a field but sweeping in a house (with flooring, where majority of houses in the city have flooring) is permitted. One shouldn’t use a broom with straw bristles because it’s definitely going to cause individual bristles to break.<ref>S”A 337:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 80:73, Mishna Brurah 337:14, Sefer Hilchot [[Shabbat]] (vol 2 pg 51, Choresh note 115, by Rabbi Eider) in name of Rabbi Moshe Feinstein), 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 256-7) | ||
See Chazon Ovadia Shabbat Vol 4, Pg 54-57 </ref> | See Chazon Ovadia Shabbat Vol 4, Pg 54-57 </ref> | ||
#One should not rinse the floor of one's house, even if it is paved. If one specific part of ones floor became dirty, one may put water onto it and clean it up with a squeegee which wouldn't have any sechita issues.<ref>Chazon Ovadia 4 shabbat pg. 49 - Although generally, their is no heter to rinse floor on shabbat as their would be by sweeping, when the floor is dirty, it would be come more of a necessity and would then be permitted as sweeping is. </ref> | |||
==Games on dirt== | ==Games on dirt== | ||
