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Chol HaMoed: Difference between revisions
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→Tzorech HaMoed
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#One may do unskilled work on Chol HaMoed for a holiday need. However, skilled work is forbidden even for a need of the holiday.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 540:1, Mishna Brurah 540:1, Biur HaGra 530:1 </ref> | #One may do unskilled work on Chol HaMoed for a holiday need. However, skilled work is forbidden even for a need of the holiday.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 540:1, Mishna Brurah 540:1, Biur HaGra 530:1 </ref> | ||
#Tzorech HaMoed is only permitted if the work doesn't entail excessive tircha (exertion).<ref>Pri Megadim (E"A 540:5), Mishna Brurah 540:7, and Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 66:38 forbid tircha even though a melacha is a tzorech hamoed. Aruch HaShulchan 540:4 forbids great exertion (tircha yetera | #Tzorech HaMoed is only permitted if the work doesn't entail excessive tircha (exertion).<ref>Pri Megadim (E"A 540:5), Mishna Brurah 540:7, and Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 66:38 forbid tircha even though a melacha is a tzorech hamoed. Aruch HaShulchan 540:4 forbids great exertion (tircha gedola) for tzorech hamoed. Hilchot Chag Bchag (3:14, p. 75) quotes a dispute if tircha yetera is permitted for tzorech hamoed, but someone who is lenient has what to rely upon. Pri Megadim M”Z 540:3 permits even great exertion for tzorech hamoed. (Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 66:38 adds that the Pri Megadim means that it’s permitted if it’s a maaseh hedyot or shinui.) See Nishmat Adam 110:1. Netivei Moed 7:2 says tzorech hamoed must be hedyot and one should still minimize the exertion. | ||
The Mishna (Moed Katan 13a) forbids moving homes on Chol Hamoed and Rashi, Rabbenu Gershom, and Ritva explain that this is forbidden because of tircha. Seemingly, this is forbidden even though it is a melacha for tzorech hamoed. However, Tur and Shulchan Aruch O.C. 535:1 without mentioning tircha clearly write that moving homes is only forbidden if it is not a tzorech hamoed. Mishna Brurah 535:1 quotes Rashi who says that it is forbidden because of tircha. This implies that a tzorech hamoed is permitted even though it is a tircha (unlike Mishna Brurah 540:7). | The Mishna (Moed Katan 13a) forbids moving homes on Chol Hamoed and Rashi, Rabbenu Gershom, and Ritva explain that this is forbidden because of tircha. Seemingly, this is forbidden even though it is a melacha for tzorech hamoed. However, Tur and Shulchan Aruch O.C. 535:1 without mentioning tircha clearly write that moving homes is only forbidden if it is not a tzorech hamoed. Mishna Brurah 535:1 quotes Rashi who says that it is forbidden because of tircha. This implies that a tzorech hamoed is permitted even though it is a tircha (unlike Mishna Brurah 540:7). | ||
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The Gemara Moed Katan 5a clarifies that an individual may not dig a hole to hold drinking water even though he needs it, though he may fix an old hole that got clogged. Tosfot 2a s.v. vchotetin explains that unclogging a hole isn't tircha, but digging a new one is. Seemingly, this is a proof that tircha is forbidden for tzorech hamoed. However, this could be rejected by Ramban (Likkutim on Hilchot Chol Hamoed) who explains the case there was where the individual didn't really need the pit for drinking water. It was for drinking water but he could also get the water from a further pit and this was only for convenience. | The Gemara Moed Katan 5a clarifies that an individual may not dig a hole to hold drinking water even though he needs it, though he may fix an old hole that got clogged. Tosfot 2a s.v. vchotetin explains that unclogging a hole isn't tircha, but digging a new one is. Seemingly, this is a proof that tircha is forbidden for tzorech hamoed. However, this could be rejected by Ramban (Likkutim on Hilchot Chol Hamoed) who explains the case there was where the individual didn't really need the pit for drinking water. It was for drinking water but he could also get the water from a further pit and this was only for convenience. | ||
Rivav (on Rif m"k 4b) explicitly permits tzorech hamoed even with tircha yeterta (excessive effort). He explains the gemara 5a is forbidden because that is maaseh uman. Ramban (Torat Haadam, Inyan Hakevura s.v. k'sh'iyanti) also seems to permit tzorech hamoed with tircha. </ref> | Rivav (on Rif m"k 4b) explicitly permits tzorech hamoed even with tircha yeterta (excessive effort). He explains the gemara 5a is forbidden because that is maaseh uman. Ramban (Torat Haadam, Inyan Hakevura s.v. k'sh'iyanti) also seems to permit tzorech hamoed with tircha. However, Ritva (m"k 2a s.v. vha) implies that it is forbidden. Hilchot Chag Bchag 3:14 quotes Meiri (12a and 19a) and Ohel Moed 3:1 as lenient on this question but they seem only to be lenient about ochel nefesh. | ||
Torat Avraham p. 71 discusses the opinion of Mishna Brurah (537:15, 540:2, 541:13) rejects the proofs that he holds it is forbidden. </ref> | |||
#It’s permitted to do an action even if it will involve violating a melacha indirectly if there’s a holiday need. For example, it’s permitted to cut branches in order to make Sachach for the [[Sukkah]] as long as one makes sure to only cut from one side of the tree. Another example, it’s permitted to wash one’s hands over grass.<ref>Hilchot Chol HaMoed Zichron Shlomo (pg 18-9), Pitchei Teshuvot 530:1 </ref> | #It’s permitted to do an action even if it will involve violating a melacha indirectly if there’s a holiday need. For example, it’s permitted to cut branches in order to make Sachach for the [[Sukkah]] as long as one makes sure to only cut from one side of the tree. Another example, it’s permitted to wash one’s hands over grass.<ref>Hilchot Chol HaMoed Zichron Shlomo (pg 18-9), Pitchei Teshuvot 530:1 </ref> | ||
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==Preparation of Food== | ==Preparation of Food== | ||
#It’s permissible to do melachot in order to prepare food for the holiday (from one day of Chol HaMoed to another day of Chol HaMoed or from Chol HaMoed to [[Yom Tov]]) | #It’s permissible to do melachot in order to prepare food for the holiday (from one day of Chol HaMoed to another day of Chol HaMoed or from Chol HaMoed to [[Yom Tov]])<ref>Hilchot Chol HaMoed Zichron Shlomo (pg 37) </ref> even if it involves a lot of effort.<ref>Ramban (Likkutim on Chol Hamoed), Meiri (m"k 19a s.v. k'sh'titbonen), Ohel Moed (m"k 3:1)</ref> | ||
#It’s permissible even if the melacha was deliberately pushed off to doing it on Chol HaMoed.<ref>S”A 533:1 </ref> | #It’s permissible even if the melacha was deliberately pushed off to doing it on Chol HaMoed.<ref>S”A 533:1 </ref> | ||
#If one has adequate supply of the specific food one shouldn’t cook that food on Chol HaMoed unless the fresher food will be tastier.<ref>S”A 533:1 writes that if one already has flour one should not ground new flour; however, even if one has bread one may cook new bread since hot bread is tastier. Hilchot Chol HaMoed Zichron Shlomo (pg 37) agrees.</ref> | #If one has adequate supply of the specific food one shouldn’t cook that food on Chol HaMoed unless the fresher food will be tastier.<ref>S”A 533:1 writes that if one already has flour one should not ground new flour; however, even if one has bread one may cook new bread since hot bread is tastier. Hilchot Chol HaMoed Zichron Shlomo (pg 37) agrees.</ref> | ||
