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==When to start saying Selichot== | ==When to start saying Selichot== | ||
# The Sephardic minhag is to say Selichot from the day after [[Rosh Chodesh]] Elul. <Ref> S”A 581:1 writes that one should starting saying Selichot from [[Rosh Chodesh]] Elul. Mishna Brurah 581:1 explains that S”A means from [[Rosh Chodesh]] and not [[Rosh Chodesh]] itself. So writes the Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu) 34:1 as the Sephardic minhag. </ref> | # The Sephardic minhag is to say Selichot from the day after [[Rosh Chodesh]] Elul. <Ref> S”A 581:1 writes that one should starting saying Selichot from [[Rosh Chodesh]] Elul. Mishna Brurah 581:1 explains that S”A means from [[Rosh Chodesh]] and not [[Rosh Chodesh]] itself. So writes the Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu) 34:1, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 9, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 1 as the Sephardic minhag. </ref> | ||
# There are no Selichot on [[Shabbat]]. <Ref> Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu) 34:2 writes that there are no Selichot on [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | # There are no Selichot on [[Shabbat]]. <Ref> Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu) 34:2 writes that there are no Selichot on [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | ||
# The minhag Ashekenaz is to start saying Selichot from the Sunday before Rosh HaShana unless Rosh HaShana falls out on Monday or Tuesday, in which case, Ashkenazim start from two Sundays before Rosh HaShana. <Ref> Rama 581:1 writes that the minhag Ashekenaz is to start saying Selichot from the Sunday before Rosh HaShana unless Rosh HaShana falls out on Monday or Tuesday, in which case, Ashkenazim start from two Sundays before Rosh HaShana. Mishna Brurah 581:6 explains that the reason that the preparation is no less than four days is because some had the custom to fast for ten days prior to [[Yom Kippur]], however, since one can’t fast on Rosh HaShana’s two days, [[Shabbat]] Shuvah, and Erev [[Yom Kippur]], one had to begin fasting four days prior to Rosh HaShana (see there for other reasons). </ref> | # The minhag Ashekenaz is to start saying Selichot from the Sunday before Rosh HaShana unless Rosh HaShana falls out on Monday or Tuesday, in which case, Ashkenazim start from two Sundays before Rosh HaShana. <Ref> Rama 581:1 writes that the minhag Ashekenaz is to start saying Selichot from the Sunday before Rosh HaShana unless Rosh HaShana falls out on Monday or Tuesday, in which case, Ashkenazim start from two Sundays before Rosh HaShana. Mishna Brurah 581:6 explains that the reason that the preparation is no less than four days is because some had the custom to fast for ten days prior to [[Yom Kippur]], however, since one can’t fast on Rosh HaShana’s two days, [[Shabbat]] Shuvah, and Erev [[Yom Kippur]], one had to begin fasting four days prior to Rosh HaShana (see there for other reasons). </ref> | ||
==When should Selichot be said?== | ==When should Selichot be said?== | ||
# Preferably, Selichot should be said at the end of the night before [[Olot HaShachar]]. <Ref> Mishna Brurah’s introduction to 581, Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu) 34:5 write that preferably, Selichot should be said at the end of the night before [[Olot HaShachar]]. </ref> However, if one delayed one can say it after [[Olot HaShachar]]. <Ref> Maamer Mordechai 34:5. </ref>However, it is permissible to say Selichot earlier in the night as long one one is sure not to start before Chatzot (halachic midnight). <Ref> Kaf HaChaim 581:1,2, and Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu) 34:4 hold that one should only say Selichot after Chatzot and if one had a minhag to say it earlier one should change the minhag. Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 2-3) agrees that it forbidden to say Selichot before Chatzot, which he clearly spells out is 12 halachic hours after midday which is 6 halachic hours after sunrise. </ref> | # Preferably, Selichot should be said at the end of the night before [[Olot HaShachar]]. <Ref> Mishna Brurah’s introduction to 581, Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu) 34:5 write that preferably, Selichot should be said at the end of the night before [[Olot HaShachar]]. </ref> However, if one delayed one can say it after [[Olot HaShachar]]. <Ref> Maamer Mordechai 34:5. </ref>However, it is permissible to say Selichot earlier in the night as long one one is sure not to start before Chatzot (halachic midnight). <Ref> Kaf HaChaim 581:1,2, and Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu) 34:4 hold that one should only say Selichot after Chatzot and if one had a minhag to say it earlier one should change the minhag. Chacham Ovadia Yosef in Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 2-3) as well as Yechave Daat 1:46 and his son in Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 9 agrees that it forbidden to say Selichot before Chatzot, which he clearly spells out is 12 halachic hours after midday which is 6 halachic hours after sunrise. </ref> | ||
## Some say one may say Selichot according to when Chatzot is in Israel, however majority of halachic authorities disagree. <Ref> Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim beginning) brings two opinions without drawing a conclusion. In the English edition of Yalkut Yosef (vol 14 pg 49 in note 4), the author writes clearly in name of Rav Ovadyah that one may not rely on this leniency and each place must not say Selichot prior to chatzot in that locale. Rav Ovadyah in Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 4) writes clearly that this isn't an acceptable leniency. </ref> | ## Some say one may say Selichot according to when Chatzot is in Israel, however majority of halachic authorities disagree. <Ref> Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim beginning) brings two opinions without drawing a conclusion. In the English edition of Yalkut Yosef (vol 14 pg 49 in note 4), the author writes clearly in name of Rav Ovadyah that one may not rely on this leniency and each place must not say Selichot prior to chatzot in that locale. Rav Ovadyah in Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 4) writes clearly that this isn't an acceptable leniency. </ref> | ||
# Those congregations who aren't able to rise early to say Selichot should nonetheless say Selichot in the morning before Shacharit or even in the afternoon before Mincha. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 6-7) </ref> | # Those congregations who aren't able to rise early to say Selichot should nonetheless say Selichot in the morning before Shacharit or even in the afternoon before Mincha. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 6-7), Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 10 </ref> | ||
# On Erev Rosh HaShana one should make an extra effort to get up early to say Selichot before [[Olot HaShachar]]. <Ref> Maamer Mordechai 34:5 </ref> | # On Erev Rosh HaShana one should make an extra effort to get up early to say Selichot before [[Olot HaShachar]]. <Ref> Maamer Mordechai 34:5 </ref> | ||
# Although one shouldn't say the Yud Gimmel Middot before chatzot of the night, one is permitted to listen to them via a recording in order to practice the words and the tunes. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 20. </ref> | |||
==Order of Selichot== | ==Order of Selichot== | ||
# One must say Brachot HaTorah before saying Selichot because there are a number of pesukim in Selichot. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 5) </ref> | # One must say Brachot HaTorah before saying Selichot because there are a number of pesukim in Selichot. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 5) </ref> | ||
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# If there’s not a minyan when the tzibbur said Ashrei, they should wait to have a minyan to say Kaddish and when they get a minyan they first say 3 pesukim before reciting Kaddish. <ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4 quoting the Eliyah Rabba </ref> | # If there’s not a minyan when the tzibbur said Ashrei, they should wait to have a minyan to say Kaddish and when they get a minyan they first say 3 pesukim before reciting Kaddish. <ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4 quoting the Eliyah Rabba </ref> | ||
# If there was a minyan in the beginning and then some people left, they can continue and even say Kaddish after Selichot. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4 </ref> | # If there was a minyan in the beginning and then some people left, they can continue and even say Kaddish after Selichot. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4 </ref> | ||
# If one hears the Yud Gimmel Middot or Kaddish in a live via radio or video he can answer. If it is recorded, he cannot answer. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 21 </ref> | |||
==Shliach Tzibbur== | ==Shliach Tzibbur== | ||
