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====Laws of 13 Middot==== | ====Laws of 13 Middot==== | ||
# The [[Selichot]] should be said with proper intent (Kavanah), slowly, and with humility, especially when one is reciting the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 20) </ref> | # The [[Selichot]] should be said with proper intent (Kavanah), slowly, and with humility, especially when one is reciting the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 20) </ref> | ||
#One should say the words "Vaya'avor Hashem Al Panav" together with the Shaliach Tzibbur quietly and then say the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim aloud.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 32) </ref> | # One should say the words "Vaya'avor Hashem Al Panav" together with the Shaliach Tzibbur quietly and then say the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim aloud.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 32) based on the Arizal </ref> | ||
#One should be careful to pause in between the two names of Hashem in the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim.<ref>Kaf Hachaim 131:20, Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, p. 32), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim p. 14, 5748 edition) </ref> | # One should be careful to pause in between the two names of Hashem in the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim.<ref>Kaf Hachaim 131:20, Ben Ish Chai Parashat Ki Tisa Halacha 11, Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, p. 32), Yalkut Yosef (Moadim p. 14, 5748 edition) </ref> | ||
# One should bow slightly when saying "Hashem Hashem" in the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg. 32) </ref> | # One should bow slightly when saying "Hashem, Hashem" in the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg. 32). Ben Ish Chai Parashat Ki Tisa Halacha 10 says that one should bow at the beginning of Vayaavor and straighten when one reaches the name of Hashem </ref> | ||
# It is not necessary to raise one's feet as one does during Kedusha when reciting the words Hashem, Hashem.<ref>Ben Ish Chai Parashat Ki Tisa Halacha 10 writes that he found no such a source for such a practice but writes that he does it anyway because it doesn't hurt. Chazon Ovadia pg. 33 says this isn't necessary.</ref> | |||
# One should pause between "Beshem" and "Hashem" in the Yud Gimmel Middot.<ref>Magen Avraham 565:5, Eliya Rabba 581:9, Mishna Brurah 581:4</ref> | # One should pause between "Beshem" and "Hashem" in the Yud Gimmel Middot.<ref>Magen Avraham 565:5, Eliya Rabba 581:9, Mishna Brurah 581:4</ref> | ||
# When saying the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim one shouldn't count the [[Middot]] on one's fingers because there is a dispute as to which [[Middot]] are counted as the 13.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, p. 33), Yalkut Yosef [[tefilla]] volume 2 page 399. </ref> | # When saying the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] HaRachamim one shouldn't count the [[Middot]] on one's fingers because there is a dispute as to which [[Middot]] are counted as the 13.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, p. 33), Yalkut Yosef [[tefilla]] volume 2 page 399. </ref> | ||
# Regarding the recitation of the 13 Middot without a minyan, see below [[Chodesh_Elul#Selichot_Without_a_Minyan|Selichot Without a Minyan]] | # Regarding the recitation of the 13 Middot without a minyan, see below [[Chodesh_Elul#Selichot_Without_a_Minyan|Selichot Without a Minyan]] | ||
====On Days with no Tachanun==== | ====On Days with no Tachanun==== | ||
There are a number of situations where one would say Selichot while omitting the Vidui/[[Tachanun]] found at the end: | There are a number of situations where one would say Selichot while omitting the Vidui/[[Tachanun]] found at the end: | ||
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===Selichot Without a Minyan=== | ===Selichot Without a Minyan=== | ||
# If one is praying without a minyan, he should not say the thirteen attributes as a prayer, <ref>Rashba Teshuva 1:211 writes that the 13 middot of Rachamim | # If one is praying without a minyan, he should not say the thirteen attributes as a prayer, <ref> Rashba Teshuva 1:211 writes that the 13 middot of Rachamim cannot be said without a minyan since they are considered a devar shebekedusha. This is codified by the Shulchan Aruch O.C. 565:5, Mishna Brurah 581:4, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 128:9 and Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 11). see also [http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=2135 Halachayomit]<br> | ||
Iggerot Moshe YD 3:21 allows them to be recited without a [[minyan]] as long you use any melody other than the one used for [[prayer]] and doesn't require that it be the same cantillation as the torah.<br> | * On the other hand, see Darkei Moshe O.C. 565:4 where he cites the opinion of the Sefer Haminhagim that even an individual can recite them. </ref> but one can read the Yud Gimmel middot (13 attributes) with the cantillation as if he is simply reading the torah.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 565:5 based on Shu"t Harashba 1:211, Chacham Ovadia Yosef (Shu"t Yechave Daat 1:47 and Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim 27), Yalkut Yosef Tefilla 2: page 131 [[http://halachayomit.co.il/EnglishDefault.asp?HalachaID=2135 Halacha Yomit]], Chida in Machazik Beracha 131:6, Ben Ish Chai (Shanah Aleph, Parashat Ki Tisa Halacha 9), Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 128:9 <br> | ||
see also [https://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/963227/rabbi-aryeh-lebowitz/ten-minute-halacha-saying-13-middos-harachamim-b-yechidus/ Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz] </ref> | * Iggerot Moshe YD 3:21 allows them to be recited without a [[minyan]] as long you use any melody other than the one used for [[prayer]] and doesn't require that it be the same cantillation as the torah.<br> | ||
# Without a [[minyan]], one cannot recite the paragraphs that are in Aramaic (such as רַחֲמָנָא אִדְכַּר לָן..., דְּעָנֵי לַעֲנִיֵּי. עֲנֵינָן..., מַחֵי וּמַסֵּי.<ref>Eliya Rabba 581:9 writes that we do not recite the prayers that are in Aramaic without a Minyan because the angels do not understand Aramaic (see Gemara Shabbat 12b). Mateh Efraim 581:21, Yabia Omer 10:footnotes to Rav Pealim OC 3:41, Mishna Brura 581:4, Chazon Ovadia (Yamim Noraim pg. 11) and [http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=2135 Halachayomit]all agree <br> | * see also [https://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/963227/rabbi-aryeh-lebowitz/ten-minute-halacha-saying-13-middos-harachamim-b-yechidus/ Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz] </ref> In such a scenario one can conclude with the word ונקה, even though that is technically in the middle of the actual pasuk in the Torah.<ref> Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 30 </ref> Others argue that it should be omitted entirely.<Ref>Taz 565:5. This is the practice of [[Chabadhttps://shulchanaruchharav.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/13-attributes-Saying-with-Taamim-without-Minyan-Website.pdf|Chabad]] </ref> | ||
# Without a [[minyan]], one cannot recite the paragraphs that are in Aramaic (such as רַחֲמָנָא אִדְכַּר לָן..., דְּעָנֵי לַעֲנִיֵּי. עֲנֵינָן..., מַחֵי וּמַסֵּי.<ref>Eliya Rabba 581:9 writes that we do not recite the prayers that are in Aramaic without a Minyan because the angels do not understand Aramaic (see Gemara Shabbat 12b). Mateh Efraim 581:21, Yabia Omer 10:footnotes to Rav Pealim OC 3:41, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 128:9, Mishna Brura 581:4, Chazon Ovadia (Yamim Noraim pg. 11) and [http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=2135 Halachayomit]all agree <br> | |||
On the other hand, Rav Mordechai Lebhar writes (Magen Avot, Orach Chaim 581:1) that in Morocco and Djerba the Aramaic portions were not skipped; however, Amen was said instead of "Bedil Vayaavor."</ref> | On the other hand, Rav Mordechai Lebhar writes (Magen Avot, Orach Chaim 581:1) that in Morocco and Djerba the Aramaic portions were not skipped; however, Amen was said instead of "Bedil Vayaavor."</ref> | ||
# | # Some say that an individual can say the paragraph of "Kel Melech" even though it says "Zechor Lanu Hayom..." in the plural.<ref>Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 13, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 30, Kaf Hachaim 581:26 </ref> Others recommend skipping it.<ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 128:9, Mateh Ephraim 581:21 </ref> | ||
# If there was no [[minyan]] when the tzibbur recited Ashrei, they should wait to have a [[minyan]] to recite [[Kaddish]] and when they get a [[minyan]] they first say three pesukim before reciting [[Kaddish]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4 quoting the Eliyah Rabba </ref> | # If there was no [[minyan]] when the tzibbur recited Ashrei, they should wait to have a [[minyan]] to recite [[Kaddish]] and when they get a [[minyan]] they first say three pesukim before reciting [[Kaddish]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4 quoting the Eliyah Rabba </ref> | ||
# If there was a [[minyan]] in the beginning and then some people left, they can continue and even say [[Kaddish]] after [[Selichot]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4. Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 23 says not to say the [[kaddish]] titkabal at the conclusion of [[selichot]] if you no longer have ten people. </ref> | # If there was a [[minyan]] in the beginning and then some people left, they can continue and even say [[Kaddish]] after [[Selichot]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4. Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 23 says not to say the [[kaddish]] titkabal at the conclusion of [[selichot]] if you no longer have ten people. </ref> | ||
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==Hatarat Nedarim== | ==Hatarat Nedarim== | ||
*See the [[Hatarat Nedarim]] page. | *See the [[Hatarat_Nedarim#Yamim_Noraim|Hatarat Nedarim]] page. | ||
==Fasting on Erev [[Rosh HaShana]]== | ==Fasting on Erev [[Rosh HaShana]]== | ||
{{Fasting_on_Erev_Rosh_Hashana}} | {{Fasting_on_Erev_Rosh_Hashana}} | ||
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==Other practices== | ==Other practices== | ||
# Some pious individuals have the minhag of checking their [[Tefillin]] and [[Mezuzot]] during [[Elul]].<ref>Mateh Efraim 581:10 writes that as part of being introspective during [[Elul]], some pious individuals check their [[Tefillin]] and [[Mezuzot]] during [[Elul]]. He concludes that it is a good minhag. This is quoted by the Kitzur S”A 128:3, Chazon Ovadyah (p. 26), and Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 18. Also see Yechave Daat 1:49. It is noteworthy that S”A 39:10 rules that [[Tefillin]] that were established as being kosher do not have to be checked if they are used frequently. Additionally, S”A Y.D. 291:1 rules that [[Mezuzot]] should be checked twice every seven years. see also [ | # Some pious individuals have the minhag of checking their [[Tefillin]] and [[Mezuzot]] during [[Elul]].<ref>Mateh Efraim 581:10 writes that as part of being introspective during [[Elul]], some pious individuals check their [[Tefillin]] and [[Mezuzot]] during [[Elul]]. He concludes that it is a good minhag. This is quoted by the Kitzur S”A 128:3, Chazon Ovadyah (p. 26), and Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 18. Also see Yechave Daat 1:49. It is noteworthy that S”A 39:10 rules that [[Tefillin]] that were established as being kosher do not have to be checked if they are used frequently. Additionally, S”A Y.D. 291:1 rules that [[Mezuzot]] should be checked twice every seven years. see also [https://itorah.com/lecture/audio/rabbi-eli-mansour/elul-wishing-le-shana-toba-in-written-correspondence-checking-tefillin-and-mezuzot/356/6 Rabbi Eli Mansour's Daily Halacha] and [https://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/763468/rabbi-aryeh-lebowitz/ten-minute-halacha-checking-tefillin-and-mezuzos/ Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz ]</ref> | ||
{{Getting Married during Elul}} | {{Getting Married during Elul}} | ||
# The custom is that during [[Elul]], one who writes a letter should write a blessing to the recipient that he should be inscribed in the book of life, such as "lishana tova tichatevu vitichatemu." The same is true of email's or the like.<ref>Mateh Efraim 581:9, Eliya Rabba 581:1, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 26. [ | # The custom is that during [[Elul]], one who writes a letter should write a blessing to the recipient that he should be inscribed in the book of life, such as "lishana tova tichatevu vitichatemu." The same is true of email's or the like.<ref>Mateh Efraim 581:9, Eliya Rabba 581:1, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 26. [https://itorah.com/lecture/audio/rabbi-eli-mansour/elul-wishing-le-shana-toba-in-written-correspondence-checking-tefillin-and-mezuzot/356/6 Rabbi Eli Mansour's Daily Halacha] adds that one should includes this in emails as well. </ref> | ||
==Related Pages== | ==Related Pages== | ||
