Chinuch: Difference between revisions
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#On Shabbat, a parent cannot tell a kid to do melacha.<ref>Shabbat 121a, Shulchan Aruch O.C. 343:1</ref> This is a biblical prohibition.<ref>Shemot 20:10, Mechilta there, Ramban Sefer Hamitzvot shoresh 14, Rashba Shabbat 153a, Mishkenot Yakov OC 118, Shaar Hatziyun 334:54</ref> | #On Shabbat, a parent cannot tell a kid to do melacha.<ref>Shabbat 121a, Shulchan Aruch O.C. 343:1</ref> This is a biblical prohibition.<ref>Shemot 20:10, Mechilta there, Ramban Sefer Hamitzvot shoresh 14, Rashba Shabbat 153a, Mishkenot Yakov OC 118, Shaar Hatziyun 334:54</ref> | ||
#According to one opinion, you can have a child do melacha for you if it is only an issur derabanan<ref>Turei Zahav as cited in A Parent's Guide to Teaching Children Mitzvot: A Halachic Guide By: Samuel Singer</ref> According to most opinions you may not ask a child to do a melacha for you under any circumstances even melacha derabanan.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 343:1, A Parent's Guide to Teaching Children Mitzvot: A Halachic Guide By: Samuel Singer </ref> | #According to one opinion, you can have a child do melacha for you if it is only an issur derabanan<ref>Turei Zahav as cited in A Parent's Guide to Teaching Children Mitzvot: A Halachic Guide By: Samuel Singer</ref> According to most opinions you may not ask a child to do a melacha for you under any circumstances even melacha derabanan.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 343:1, A Parent's Guide to Teaching Children Mitzvot: A Halachic Guide By: Samuel Singer </ref> | ||
#Even though one cannot ask a child to do melacha, if a young child is playing with a toy that makes noise on shabbat, you don’t have to tell the kid to stop if he is too young to understand the laws of | #Even though one cannot ask a child to do melacha, if a young child is playing with a toy that makes noise on shabbat, you don’t have to tell the kid to stop if he is too young to understand the laws of Shabbat.<ref>Yevamot 114a, A Parent's Guide to Teaching Children Mitzvot: A Halachic Guide By: Samuel Singer </ref> | ||
#If a parent sees that his son or daughter is doing a melacha he needs to stop them from doing the melacha, even if they did not reach the age of chinuch,<Ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 343:1 with Rama provided that they reached the age to understand what they are being told not to do.<Ref>Mishna Brurah 343:3, Kaf Hachaim 343:12 and 18</ref> If they are doing a melacha derabbanan for their own needs a parent does not need to stop them.<ref>Mishna Brurah 343:3 quoting Gra</ref> | |||
#But, if a kid is old enough to understand which actions are forbidden and which are allowed to do on Shabbat, then you must stop him from doing melacha based on Chinuch.<ref>Rama O.C. 343:1. A Parent's Guide to Teaching Children Mitzvot: A Halachic Guide By: Samuel Singer </ref> Even if he doesn't understand the positive essence of Shabbat as long as he can understand that certain things are forbidden for Jews they should be trained not to do it.<ref>Mishna Brurah 343:3, Chinuch Habanim Kehilchato 44:8</ref> Some say that this begins from age 2 or 3, some say 3 or 4, and some say 4 or 5.<ref>Pitchei Teshuva 343:7 writes that the age for understanding that certain things are forbidden is age 3. Chinuch Habanim Kehilchato 44:9 quotes Chinuch Habanim Lmitzvot of Rav Neuwirth n. 38 as saying it is 2 or 3 years old, Az Nidbaru 6:57 says it is not below 3 unless he's smart. Hatipul Btinok Bshabbat Vyom tov ch. 17 says it is age 3 or 4. Lastly, he cites the Yavetz (Migdal Oz 3) who says that it is 4 or 5 years old.</ref> | #But, if a kid is old enough to understand which actions are forbidden and which are allowed to do on Shabbat, then you must stop him from doing melacha based on Chinuch.<ref>Rama O.C. 343:1. A Parent's Guide to Teaching Children Mitzvot: A Halachic Guide By: Samuel Singer </ref> Even if he doesn't understand the positive essence of Shabbat as long as he can understand that certain things are forbidden for Jews they should be trained not to do it.<ref>Mishna Brurah 343:3, Chinuch Habanim Kehilchato 44:8</ref> Some say that this begins from age 2 or 3, some say 3 or 4, and some say 4 or 5.<ref>Pitchei Teshuva 343:7 writes that the age for understanding that certain things are forbidden is age 3. Chinuch Habanim Kehilchato 44:9 quotes Chinuch Habanim Lmitzvot of Rav Neuwirth n. 38 as saying it is 2 or 3 years old, Az Nidbaru 6:57 says it is not below 3 unless he's smart. Hatipul Btinok Bshabbat Vyom tov ch. 17 says it is age 3 or 4. Lastly, he cites the Yavetz (Migdal Oz 3) who says that it is 4 or 5 years old.</ref> | ||
