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Chazarat HaShatz: Difference between revisions
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Chazal instituted that after a minyan prays Shemona Esreh the Shaliach Tzibbur should repeat Shemona Esreh aloud. <ref>S"A 124:1</ref>Although the reason Chazal instituted this practice was in order to fulfill the obligation of those who didn't know how to say Shemona Esreh on their own, this practice is still an obligation for a minyan of people who are all capable of saying Shemona Esreh themselves.<ref>S"A 124:3, Yalkut Yosef 124:1</ref> During the Chazarat HaShatz, the Cohanim perform the mitzvah of [[Birkat Cohanim]] which is discussed on its own page. | Chazal instituted that after a minyan prays [[Shemona Esreh]] the Shaliach Tzibbur should repeat [[Shemona Esreh]] aloud.<ref>S"A 124:1</ref> Although the reason Chazal instituted this practice was in order to fulfill the obligation of those who didn't know how to say [[Shemona Esreh]] on their own, this practice is still an obligation for a minyan of people who are all capable of saying [[Shemona Esreh]] themselves.<ref>S"A 124:3, Yalkut Yosef 124:1</ref> During the Chazarat HaShatz, the Cohanim perform the mitzvah of [[Birkat Cohanim]] which is discussed on its own page. | ||
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# When the Shaliach Tzibbur is saying Chazarat HaShatz, the congregation should listen and answer Amen. If there's not a minyan of people answering Amen it is like the Brachot that the Shaliach Tzibbur is saying are Brachot Levatala.<ref>S"A 124:4, Kitzur S"A 20:2</ref> | ==Proper behavior during Chazarat HaShatz== | ||
# When the Shaliach Tzibbur is saying Chazarat HaShatz, the congregation should listen and answer Amen. If there's not a minyan of people answering Amen it is like the Brachot that the Shaliach Tzibbur is saying are [[Brachot Levatala]].<ref>S"A 124:4, Kitzur S"A 20:2</ref> | |||
# Some say that the congregation should stand during the Chazarat HaShatz. Some have the practice to sit.<ref>Rama 124:4 writes that some say one should stand during Chazarat HaShatz. Kitzur S"A 20:1 writes that for someone for whom it is easy to stand should stand just as if one was actually saying [[Shemona Esreh]] oneself. See Mishna Brurah 124:20 who writes that the earlier practice was to listen to Chazarat HaShatz standing so that it was like one is actually praying through [[Shomea KeOneh]], however, because of our sins in our days people do whatever they like and some sit. The Biur HaGra 124:4 (according to the Birkat Eliyahu) explains that the reason to stand is that Chazarat HaShatz was originally instituted in order to fulfill the obligation of one who doesn't know how to say [[Shemonei Esrei]]. Just like someone who didn't know how to say Shemonei Esrei would have to stand in order to fulfill his obligation by listening to the Chazara, so too the congregatoin should stand. </ref> | # Some say that the congregation should stand during the Chazarat HaShatz. Some have the practice to sit.<ref>Rama 124:4 writes that some say one should stand during Chazarat HaShatz. Kitzur S"A 20:1 writes that for someone for whom it is easy to stand should stand just as if one was actually saying [[Shemona Esreh]] oneself. See Mishna Brurah 124:20 who writes that the earlier practice was to listen to Chazarat HaShatz standing so that it was like one is actually praying through [[Shomea KeOneh]], however, because of our sins in our days people do whatever they like and some sit. The Biur HaGra 124:4 (according to the Birkat Eliyahu) explains that the reason to stand is that Chazarat HaShatz was originally instituted in order to fulfill the obligation of one who doesn't know how to say [[Shemonei Esrei]]. Just like someone who didn't know how to say Shemonei Esrei would have to stand in order to fulfill his obligation by listening to the Chazara, so too the congregatoin should stand. </ref> | ||
# According to the Sepharadic custom, at the beginning of the Chazarat HaShatz, the Shaliach Tzibur should say the pasuk "Hashem Sefatay Tiftach ..." aloud. According to the Ashkenazic custom, at the beginning of the Chazarat HaShatz, the Shaliach Tzibur should say the pasuk "Hashem Sefatay Tiftach ..." softly. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 124:1. </ref> | # According to the Sepharadic custom, at the beginning of the Chazarat HaShatz, the Shaliach Tzibur should say the pasuk "Hashem Sefatay Tiftach ..." aloud. According to the Ashkenazic custom, at the beginning of the Chazarat HaShatz, the Shaliach Tzibur should say the pasuk "Hashem Sefatay Tiftach ..." softly. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 124:1. </ref> | ||
# According to Sephardim, when one hears Hashem's name in a Bracha one should answer "Baruch Hu UBaruch Shemo".<ref>S"A 124:5</ref> | # According to Sephardim, when one hears Hashem's name in a Bracha one should answer "Baruch Hu UBaruch Shemo".<ref>S"A 124:5</ref> | ||
# Those who wear [[Tefillin]] of Rashi and Rabbenu Tam should not take off their [[Tefillin]] of Rashi and put on the [[Tefillin]] of Rabbenu Tam during Chazarat HaShatz. <ref>Kitzur S"A 20:1</ref> | # Those who wear [[Tefillin]] of Rashi and Rabbenu Tam should not take off their [[Tefillin]] of Rashi and put on the [[Tefillin]] of Rabbenu Tam during Chazarat HaShatz. <ref>Kitzur S"A 20:1</ref> | ||
# It is a grievous sin to talk during Chazarat HaShatz. <ref>S"A 124:7, Mishna Brurah 124:27, Kaf HaChaim 124:37</ref> | |||
# It is improper to learn Torah or say other parts of davening during Chazarat HaShatz.<ref>Magen Avraham 124:8, Mishna Brurah 124:17, Kaf HaChaim 124:16 </ref> | |||
==Practices of the Shaliach Tzibur== | ==Practices of the Shaliach Tzibur== | ||
# The Shaliach Tzibur should not start the next bracha until the majority of the congregation finished answering amen. <ref>Kitzur S"A 20:3</ref> | # The Shaliach Tzibur should not start the next bracha until the majority of the congregation finished answering [[amen]]. <ref>Kitzur S"A 20:3</ref> | ||
==If the Shaliach Tzibur made a mistake== | ===If the Shaliach Tzibur made a mistake=== | ||
# If the Shaliach Tzibur made a mistake during his silent Amida which would entail repeating his Amida, such as, forgetting to say "Yaale VeYavo ..." on [[Rosh Chodesh]], he should not go back and repeat his silent Amida. Rather, he should continue with the Chazarat HaShatz, and when he comes to the point where he made a mistake, he should have in mind to fulfill his obligation. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 124:8. </ref> | # If the Shaliach Tzibur made a mistake during his silent Amida which would entail repeating his Amida, such as, forgetting to say "Yaale VeYavo ..." on [[Rosh Chodesh]], he should not go back and repeat his silent Amida. Rather, he should continue with the Chazarat HaShatz, and when he comes to the point where he made a mistake, he should have in mind to fulfill his obligation. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 124:8. </ref> | ||
# If the Shalich Tzibur mistakenly forgot to say Kedusha in the Chazarat HaShatz, as long as he remembered before finishing the Beracha of Ata Kadosh he may go back, recite Kedusha, and continue again with "Ata Kadosh." <ref> Yalkut Yosef 124:10 </ref> | # If the Shalich Tzibur mistakenly forgot to say [[Kedusha]] in the Chazarat HaShatz, as long as he remembered before finishing the Beracha of Ata Kadosh he may go back, recite Kedusha, and continue again with "Ata Kadosh." <ref> Yalkut Yosef 124:10 </ref> | ||
# If the Shaliach Tzibur mistakenly skipped the Beracha of Ata Kadosh and finished the Beracha of Ata Chonen, he may still go back, recite Ata Kadosh, and continue again with Ata Chonen. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 124:11 </ref> | # If the Shaliach Tzibur mistakenly skipped the Beracha of Ata Kadosh and finished the Beracha of Ata Chonen, he may still go back, recite Ata Kadosh, and continue again with Ata Chonen. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 124:11 </ref> | ||
