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Chatzitza: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "==Chatzitzot (Interpositions)== # A woman needs to immerse completely in the mikveh at one time<Ref>The Sifra (Emor 4:7) learns from Vayikra 22:6-7 that a woman needs to immer...") |
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* Taharat Habayit v. 3 p. 28 is lenient on any coloration of the skin since it has no substance above the skin level. Nonetheless, he writes that initially it should be removed.</ref> | * Taharat Habayit v. 3 p. 28 is lenient on any coloration of the skin since it has no substance above the skin level. Nonetheless, he writes that initially it should be removed.</ref> | ||
===Positioning=== | ===Positioning=== | ||
# If she closed her mouth or hands tightly or placed her hair in her mouth the tevilah is ineffective.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 198: | # A woman shouldn’t stand up very straight or bend over too much.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 198:35</ref> She should lean slightly forward so that her breasts don’t lie against her chest.<ref>Chachmat Adam 121:8, The Laws of Niddah v. 2 p. 393</ref> | ||
# She should stand with her legs apart like she’s kneading dough.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 198:35</ref> | |||
# She should hold her arms apart from her body like a woman would when weaving standing or when walking.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 198:35</ref> She should also raise her hands like someone weaving. <ref>Aruch Hashulchan 198:82, The Laws of Niddah v. 2 p. 393</ref> | |||
# If she bent over or stood straightly some rishonim hold that it is invalid and therefore she should go again.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 198:35 writes that some say that the tevilah is invalid if she stands up straight or bends over too much. The Rashbetz (quoted by Bet Yosef 198:35) cites a dispute between the Raavad and Rambam whether the tevilah is valid after the fact, the Raavad holding it isn’t and the Rambam holding it is. The Shach 198:49 questions why the Shulchan Aruch doesn’t write that it certainly is ineffective based on his opinion elsewhere. See Aruch Hashulchan 198:83 who addresses this question.</ref> | |||
# A woman doesn’t need to open her mouth during tevilah. Yet she shouldn’t close her mouth too tightly, rather she should close her lips normally. If she closed her mouth or hands tightly or placed her hair in her mouth the tevilah is ineffective.<ref>Mishna Mikvaot 8:5, Shulchan Aruch YD 198:38</ref> | |||
# A woman shouldn’t close her eyes too tightly or open them too wide when she’s tovel.<Ref>Gemara Niddah 67a, Shulchan Aruch YD 198:39</ref> | |||
# If a woman needs support when going to the mikveh, someone may hold her. The best procedure is to have that other person or persons is 1) hold onto her with one hand out of the water 2) hold onto her with the other hand in the water, 3) adjust the hand that was outside the water to hold onto her under the water.<ref>The Rambam (Mikvaot 2:12) holds that someone else holding onto a woman when she’s tovel only works if that person wet their hands first but using a loose grip is ineffective. The Rashba (Torat Habayit HaAruch 33a) argues that either if the hands were wet or loose the tevilah is effective. The Shulchan Aruch 198:28 holds like the Rambam. | # If a woman needs support when going to the mikveh, someone may hold her. The best procedure is to have that other person or persons is 1) hold onto her with one hand out of the water 2) hold onto her with the other hand in the water, 3) adjust the hand that was outside the water to hold onto her under the water.<ref>The Rambam (Mikvaot 2:12) holds that someone else holding onto a woman when she’s tovel only works if that person wet their hands first but using a loose grip is ineffective. The Rashba (Torat Habayit HaAruch 33a) argues that either if the hands were wet or loose the tevilah is effective. The Shulchan Aruch 198:28 holds like the Rambam. | ||
* The Shach 198:37 requires that the hands be wet with mikveh water like the Rama YD 120:2 requires for Tevilat Kelim. Lastly, the Taz 198:27 explains that there is a machloket between the Rambam and Rashba whether if the hands were wet in advance if the grasp isn’t so tight. According to the Rambam the tevilah is effective either way and according to the Rashba it is only effective if the grasp wasn’t so tight. | * The Shach 198:37 requires that the hands be wet with mikveh water like the Rama YD 120:2 requires for Tevilat Kelim. Lastly, the Taz 198:27 explains that there is a machloket between the Rambam and Rashba whether if the hands were wet in advance if the grasp isn’t so tight. According to the Rambam the tevilah is effective either way and according to the Rashba it is only effective if the grasp wasn’t so tight. | ||
