Challah: Difference between revisions
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==General Guidelines== | ==General Guidelines== | ||
#The Mitzvah of removing Challah<ref>The Mitzvah of Challah is counted as one of the 613 mitzvot by the Rambam (Sefer HaMitzvot Asin #133) and Sefer HaChinuch (385).</ref> is only | #The Mitzvah of removing Challah<ref>The Mitzvah of Challah is counted as one of the 613 mitzvot by the Rambam (Sefer HaMitzvot Asin #133) and Sefer HaChinuch (385).</ref> is only biblical in [[Israel]] and when majority<ref>Derech Emunah Bikkurim 5:28 writes that you don't actually need all of the Jews and a majority is enough. He proves it from the Ritva Ketubot 25a and claims that this is the opinion of other rishonim. See however, [https://www.toraland.org.il/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5/%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%98%D7%94/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%98%D7%94/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91-%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99-%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9D-%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5-%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C/#_ftn44 Rav Yehuda Amichai] section 8 who argues that the Rambam means all the Jews need to reside in Israel for the mitzvah to be biblical.</ref> of Bnei Yisrael reside in [[Israel]]. There is nonetheless a Rabbinic Mitzvah of Challah outside [[Israel]] and in [[Israel]] when Bnei Yisrael does not reside there.<ref>Rambam (Bikkurim 5:5-6) writes that The Mitzvah of removing Challah is only biblical in [[Israel]] and when all of Bnei Yisrael reside in [[Israel]]. There is nonetheless a Rabbinic Mitzvah of Challah outside [[Israel]] and in [[Israel]] when Bnei Yisrael do not reside there.</ref> | ||
#It must be stressed that the Mitzvah of Challah applies to all types of dough, not just "Challah Bread"; even dough for baking pastries can be obligated in Challah <ref>R. Shechter, http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/802895/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Inyonei_Challah </ref>. | #It must be stressed that the Mitzvah of Challah applies to all types of dough, not just "Challah Bread"; even dough for baking pastries can be obligated in Challah <ref>R. Shechter, http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/802895/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Inyonei_Challah </ref>. | ||
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#If the dough or a part of the dough is going to be baked one should separate Challah with a Bracha, however, if all of it is going to be cooked or fried one should separate Challah without a Bracha.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 35:6</ref> | #If the dough or a part of the dough is going to be baked one should separate Challah with a Bracha, however, if all of it is going to be cooked or fried one should separate Challah without a Bracha.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 35:6</ref> | ||
#If the dough is kneaded with eggs or fruit juice, there is some doubt as to whether one needs to separate Challah; therefore, one should knead into the dough some liquid that is considered a "משקה" [e.g. water, milk, bee's honey, wine, oil], and then one can separate Challah with a Beracha <ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 35:7 </ref>. | #If the dough is kneaded with eggs or fruit juice, there is some doubt as to whether one needs to separate Challah; therefore, one should knead into the dough some liquid that is considered a "משקה" [e.g. water, milk, bee's honey, wine, oil], and then one can separate Challah with a Beracha <ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 35:7 </ref>. | ||
# Cake and cookies when made in the quantity that would obligate removing challah should have challah taken off with a bracha.<ref>Minchat Shlomo 1:68 in fnt., Teshuvot Vehanhagot 1:673. This is in opposition to the opinion of the Aruch Hashulchan YD 329:6 that it is exempt if it is clearly made for a snack and not a filling type of bread.</ref> | |||
==Who is Obligated?== | ==Who is Obligated?== | ||
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#If Challah got cooked into other foods it makes them forbidden. If it is mixed with the same type of ingredient which is permitted everything is forbidden unless the permitted ingredient is a hundred times that amount of Challah. If it is mixed with a different type of ingredient which is permitted everything is forbidden unless the permitted ingredient is sixty times that amount of Challah.<ref>Ran Nedarim 52a citing the Yerushalmi, Tosfot Chullin 99a s.v. ein, Rama YD 323:1 all hold that min b'sheino mino is batel one in sixty by Challah. However, the Rambam (Machalot Asurot 15:30) holds that it isn't batel unless there is one hundred even for a case of sheino mino. See Rabbi Akiva Eiger (Frankel Rambam) who asks on this Rambam.</ref> | #If Challah got cooked into other foods it makes them forbidden. If it is mixed with the same type of ingredient which is permitted everything is forbidden unless the permitted ingredient is a hundred times that amount of Challah. If it is mixed with a different type of ingredient which is permitted everything is forbidden unless the permitted ingredient is sixty times that amount of Challah.<ref>Ran Nedarim 52a citing the Yerushalmi, Tosfot Chullin 99a s.v. ein, Rama YD 323:1 all hold that min b'sheino mino is batel one in sixty by Challah. However, the Rambam (Machalot Asurot 15:30) holds that it isn't batel unless there is one hundred even for a case of sheino mino. See Rabbi Akiva Eiger (Frankel Rambam) who asks on this Rambam.</ref> | ||
# If a piece of challah outside Israel fell into a mixture of food that doesn't taste like the challah it is nullified in sixty. Even if one is ensure if there's sixty it is nonetheless nullified.<ref>[https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=1428&st=&pgnum=334 Maharash Engel 2:9]. Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 323:1 says challah of chutz laretz is batel brov and Rama says bmino 100 and eino mino 60. Rama has idea that you can be shoel on the hafrasha like any neder with a petach. The Taz 323:2 argues that you can’t be matir the neder since it is nolad and not charata mikara. One of his questions is if you can be shoel then why isn’t it a dvar sheyesh lo matirin even though it isn’t a mitzvah to be shoel (Nedarim 59a) but we say byado ltaken is dvar sheyesh lo matirin even when it isn’t a mitzvah as we follow S"A | # If a piece of challah outside Israel fell into a mixture of food that doesn't taste like the challah it is nullified in sixty. Even if one is ensure if there's sixty it is nonetheless nullified.<ref>[https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=1428&st=&pgnum=334 Maharash Engel 2:9]. Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 323:1 says challah of chutz laretz is batel brov and Rama says bmino 100 and eino mino 60. Rama has idea that you can be shoel on the hafrasha like any neder with a petach. The Taz 323:2 argues that you can’t be matir the neder since it is nolad and not charata mikara. One of his questions is if you can be shoel then why isn’t it a dvar sheyesh lo matirin even though it isn’t a mitzvah to be shoel (Nedarim 59a) but we say byado ltaken is dvar sheyesh lo matirin even when it isn’t a mitzvah as we follow S"A Y.D. 102:3 unlike Maharshal cited by Shach. Maharash Engel 2:9 answers that it is a petach but still not a dvar sheyesh lo matirin because before it was in the tarovet it didn’t have a petach and only became a dvar sheyesh lo matirin with sheyla because of a petach when it entered the tarovet. Since dvar sheyesh lo matirin doesn't apply when it wasn’t a dvar sheyesh lo matirin before it entered the tarovet this should be permitted. Then he considers that this idea only works for the Ran’s logic in dvar sheyesh lo matirin but for rashi that svara doesn’t make sense since you can still wait. Finally he concludes to be lenient because of a [[safek safeka]]. Safek there’s 60x and safek that it isn’t a dvar sheyesh lo matirin. He adds if it is 60x and it is mixed in eino mino there’s no [[dvar sheyesh lo matirin]] since it is like it doesn’t exist.</ref> | ||
# If one didn't yet eat the challah it is advisable to do [[hatarat nedarim]] to undo the establishment of challah and then take another piece as challah.<ref>Rama Y.D. 323:1 writes that it is permitted to undo the declaration of challah when there's a mixture without 101 to nullify the challah. Shach 323:7 explains that we don't do hatarat nedarim to undo a declaration of a mitzvah unless it is a case of extenuating circumstances (Y.D. 203:3) and this case qualifies as that.</ref> | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
