Boneh: Difference between revisions
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# Just as it is forbidden to create even a temporary structure on [[Shabbat]], it is forbidden to add onto a permanent structure even if the addition is temporary.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 80:67</ref> | # Just as it is forbidden to create even a temporary structure on [[Shabbat]], it is forbidden to add onto a permanent structure even if the addition is temporary.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 80:67</ref> | ||
# In previous centuries it was common to have dirt floors and it would be forbidden to put down new sand as it is left as a permanent layer of the floor and is a violation of Boneh (building).<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1015) </ref> | # In previous centuries it was common to have dirt floors and it would be forbidden to put down new sand as it is left as a permanent layer of the floor and is a violation of Boneh (building).<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1015) </ref> | ||
# Putting down a large area rug which is meant to remain there for more than 7 days is forbidden as it is considered something that can become nullified to the floor.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1017 and 1019) explains that since it is only a loose addition it doesn't become nullified to the floor unless it is put there for 7 days. </ref> | # Putting down a large area rug which is meant to remain there for more than 7 days is forbidden as it is considered something that can become nullified to the floor.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1017 and 1019) explains that since it is only a loose addition it doesn't become nullified to the floor unless it is put there for 7 days. See Dor Hamelaktim v. 4 p. 2040 who quotes Shabbos Home (Artscroll, p. 423) as being lenient unless the carpet is from wall to wall.</ref> | ||
# Tiling a floor, wallpapering a room, installing a doorknob are all forbidden as adding to an existing structure.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1016-7) </ref> | # Tiling a floor, wallpapering a room, installing a doorknob are all forbidden as adding to an existing structure.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1016-7) </ref> | ||
# According to many poskim it is permitted to rehang a picture that fell on [[Shabbat]] as long as the picture isn't expensive and rare.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1019) explains that that according to many opinions hanging a picture isn't a violation of adding to a existing structure because it retains it's own function similar to putting a potted plant on the floor or a vessel in the breakfront even though it will remain for a long time. On pg 1038 he writes that it's permissible to rehang it unless it is a expensive and rare painting because it would be [[muktzah]] and according to some poskim it's [[muktzeh]] once it was attached during the onset of [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | # According to many poskim it is permitted to rehang a picture that fell on [[Shabbat]] as long as the picture isn't expensive and rare.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1019) explains that that according to many opinions hanging a picture isn't a violation of adding to a existing structure because it retains it's own function similar to putting a potted plant on the floor or a vessel in the breakfront even though it will remain for a long time. On pg 1038 he writes that it's permissible to rehang it unless it is a expensive and rare painting because it would be [[muktzah]] and according to some poskim it's [[muktzeh]] once it was attached during the onset of [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | ||
# One should not replace a [[mezuzah]] that fell on [[Shabbat]] because of issues of adding to an existing structure and [[muktzeh]]. However, if it is [[lying]] on the floor one pick it up in a abnormal way such as by using the palms of both hands.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1038) </ref> | # One should not replace a [[mezuzah]] that fell on [[Shabbat]] because of issues of adding to an existing structure and [[muktzeh]]. However, if it is [[lying]] on the floor one pick it up in a abnormal way such as by using the palms of both hands.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 4, pg 1038) </ref> | ||
===Digging and filling a hole=== | ===Digging and filling a hole=== | ||
# When people used to have dirt floors, if there was a hole in the floor, filling it up would be a violation of Boneh. <reF>In Gemara ([[Shabbat]] 73b) Rava says that if one fills in a hole with dirt inside the house, one has violated Boneh. Rambam ([[Shabbat]] 10:12) rules that flattening the ground indoors, by flattening a mound or filling in a hole is a violation of Boneh. Mishna Brurah 337:6 writes that if one intentionally fills the holes when sweeping one would violate Boneh.</ref> | # When people used to have dirt floors, if there was a hole in the floor, filling it up would be a violation of Boneh. <reF>In Gemara ([[Shabbat]] 73b) Rava says that if one fills in a hole with dirt inside the house, one has violated Boneh. Rambam ([[Shabbat]] 10:12) rules that flattening the ground indoors, by flattening a mound or filling in a hole is a violation of Boneh. Mishna Brurah 337:6 writes that if one intentionally fills the holes when sweeping one would violate Boneh.</ref> | ||
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# One shouldn't untangle [[Tzitzit]] strings on [[Shabbat]] because this involves Tikkun Kli (fixing of a vessel).<ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 15:94</ref> | # One shouldn't untangle [[Tzitzit]] strings on [[Shabbat]] because this involves Tikkun Kli (fixing of a vessel).<ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 15:94</ref> | ||
# One shouldn't make a paper boat or paper hat by folding the paper since this involves creating a vessel.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 16:21</ref> | # One shouldn't make a paper boat or paper hat by folding the paper since this involves creating a vessel.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 16:21</ref> | ||
# One may fold a napkin regularly, but one shouldn't fold it in a special shape, such as is normally done in honor of guests.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 28:17</ref> | # One may fold a napkin regularly, but one shouldn't fold it in a special shape, such as is normally done in honor of guests.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 28:17</ref> Some are lenient.<reF>Rivevot Efraim 1:223:8 quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein. See also Dor Hamelaktim v. 2 p. 1214 for more opinions.</ref> | ||
==In the Mishkan== | ==In the Mishkan== | ||
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===Folding table=== | ===Folding table=== | ||
# It is permitted to open a folding table. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 24:23 </ref> | # It is permitted to open a folding table. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 24:23 </ref> | ||
# It’s permitted to add a table leaf to extend a table on [[Shabbat]] (for temporary use), however, one should take it apart unless one needs the space on that [[Shabbat]].<ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 24:23, Practical Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Rafeal Soae, vol 2, pg 146), Rivivot Ephraim 1:222:3. Chazon Ovadia (v. 5, p. 315) writes that it is permitted to add a leaf to a table and it doesn’t involve constructing an ohel, since part of the ohel was already in place (and it is temporary). </ref> | # It’s permitted to add a table leaf to extend a table on [[Shabbat]] (for temporary use), however, one should not take it apart on Shabbat unless one needs the space on that [[Shabbat]].<ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 24:23, Practical Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Rafeal Soae, vol 2, pg 146), Rivivot Ephraim 1:222:3. Chazon Ovadia (v. 5, p. 315) writes that it is permitted to add a leaf to a table and it doesn’t involve constructing an ohel, since part of the ohel was already in place (and it is temporary). </ref> | ||
# One should not remove a drawer from a table if there’s a depth of a [[Tefach]] in the drawer, however, it is permitted to remove a drawer from a dresser because even after removing the drawer there still remains a roofed structure in the dresser. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 24:24 (and note 85) </ref> | # One should not remove a drawer from a table if there’s a depth of a [[Tefach]] in the drawer, however, it is permitted to remove a drawer from a dresser because even after removing the drawer there still remains a roofed structure in the dresser. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 24:24 (and note 85) </ref> | ||
# It is permitted to spread a tablecloth even if it hangs over the side of the table. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 315:31, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 24:25 </ref> | # It is permitted to spread a tablecloth even if it hangs over the side of the table. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 315:31, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 24:25 </ref> | ||
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===Setting up a Mechitza=== | ===Setting up a Mechitza=== | ||
# It’s permissible to set up a partition as a mechitzah in shul between men and women on [[Shabbat]].<ref>Yalkut Yosef (vol 2, 315, pg 531), Rav Soloveitchik (cited in Nefesh Harav pg. 170) </ref> | # It’s permissible to set up a partition as a mechitzah in shul between men and women on [[Shabbat]].<ref>Yalkut Yosef (vol 2, 315, pg 531), Rav Soloveitchik (cited in Nefesh Harav pg. 170), [https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/857702/rabbi-hershel-schachter/highlights-of-melachos-shabbos-ii/ Rav Schachter (Highlights of Melachos Shabbat Part 2, min 62)] </ref> | ||
===Saltshakers=== | ===Saltshakers=== | ||
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===Pot covers=== | ===Pot covers=== | ||
It is permitted to cover or remove the cover on a pot on [[Shabbat]].<ref>Yalkut Yosef (pg 506) </ref> Some say that one may not cover a pot which is larger than 40 seah. <Ref>Or Letzion (vol 2, chap 28:5) </ref> | #It is permitted to cover or remove the cover on a pot on [[Shabbat]].<ref>Yalkut Yosef (pg 506) </ref> Some say that one may not cover a pot which is larger than 40 [[seah]].<Ref>Or Letzion (vol 2, chap 28:5) </ref> | ||
===Glasses=== | ===Glasses=== | ||
# Some poskim permit a glasses lenses to be replaced by a non-professional <ref>Yalkut Yosef (pg 512) </ref> while others forbid. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 15:77 </ref> | # Some poskim permit a glasses lenses to be replaced by a non-professional <ref>Yalkut Yosef (pg 512) </ref> while others forbid. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 15:77 </ref> | ||
