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Bishul: Difference between revisions
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Text replace - "Shabbat Kitchen" to "Shabbat Kitchen"
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==Heating near a fire== | ==Heating near a fire== | ||
# It’s permissible to place completely cooked cold solid food or slightly warm liquid (according to Sephardim, boiling liquid) near a fire to remove the chill or warm it up. <Ref> S”A 318:15 writes that totally cooked cold solids and boiling liquids may be placed near the fire even in an area where it could reach Yad Soldet Bo. Rama 318:15 writes that the minhag is to be lenient regarding reheating liquids as long as it’s slightly warm. So writes Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:13, | # It’s permissible to place completely cooked cold solid food or slightly warm liquid (according to Sephardim, boiling liquid) near a fire to remove the chill or warm it up. <Ref> S”A 318:15 writes that totally cooked cold solids and boiling liquids may be placed near the fire even in an area where it could reach Yad Soldet Bo. Rama 318:15 writes that the minhag is to be lenient regarding reheating liquids as long as it’s slightly warm. So writes Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:13, Shabbat Kitchen (pg 43). </ref> | ||
# Cold liquids that are fully cooked may not be placed in an area where if the food was left there it would reach Yad Soldet Bo unless there’s a great need, such as heating milk for a baby, and one’s intent is only to warm it or remove the chill and one actually removes it before it reaches Yad Soldet Bo. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:13 </ref> | # Cold liquids that are fully cooked may not be placed in an area where if the food was left there it would reach Yad Soldet Bo unless there’s a great need, such as heating milk for a baby, and one’s intent is only to warm it or remove the chill and one actually removes it before it reaches Yad Soldet Bo. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:13 </ref> | ||
# It’s forbidden to place a piece of bread close enough to the fire that it will toast. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:62 </ref> | # It’s forbidden to place a piece of bread close enough to the fire that it will toast. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:62 </ref> | ||
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# One may not put down a hot pot on a wet counter top. <ref> http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=577 </ref> | # One may not put down a hot pot on a wet counter top. <ref> http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=577 </ref> | ||
===Fully cooked liquids=== | ===Fully cooked liquids=== | ||
# According to Ashkenazim it’s permitted to place a fully cooked liquid in a Kli Rishon that’s off the fire as long as the liquid is still warm (it hasn’t completely cooled since being heated). <Ref> Mishna Brurah 318:24 bringing the Rama 318:15 even in the case of a Kli Rishon, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata. 1:7,15, | # According to Ashkenazim it’s permitted to place a fully cooked liquid in a Kli Rishon that’s off the fire as long as the liquid is still warm (it hasn’t completely cooled since being heated). <Ref> Mishna Brurah 318:24 bringing the Rama 318:15 even in the case of a Kli Rishon, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata. 1:7,15, Shabbat Kitchen (pg 41-3) </ref> | ||
# According to Sephardim, it’s permissible to pour fully cooked hot liquid into a Kli Rishon only if the liquid is still 113 degrees. <Ref> S”A 318:4 writes that if the liquid has cooled it may not be poured into a kli rishon. Mishna Brurah 318:24 explains that it must be Yad Soldet Bo according to S”A in order to pour it into a kli rishon. </ref> | # According to Sephardim, it’s permissible to pour fully cooked hot liquid into a Kli Rishon only if the liquid is still 113 degrees. <Ref> S”A 318:4 writes that if the liquid has cooled it may not be poured into a kli rishon. Mishna Brurah 318:24 explains that it must be Yad Soldet Bo according to S”A in order to pour it into a kli rishon. </ref> | ||
# Fully cooked liquid which has cooled (since it was heated originally while cooking) even if it became warm after it was cooked may not be reheated in a Kli Rishon and the contents of a Kli Rishon may not be poured into in. <Ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata. 1:8(1), 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 563) </ref> | # Fully cooked liquid which has cooled (since it was heated originally while cooking) even if it became warm after it was cooked may not be reheated in a Kli Rishon and the contents of a Kli Rishon may not be poured into in. <Ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata. 1:8(1), 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 563) </ref> | ||
===Fully cooked solids=== | ===Fully cooked solids=== | ||
# A fully cooked solid even if it’s cold may be placed in a Kli Rishon if the pot is not on the fire. <Ref> S”A 318:4, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:10, 15, | # A fully cooked solid even if it’s cold may be placed in a Kli Rishon if the pot is not on the fire. <Ref> S”A 318:4, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:10, 15, Shabbat Kitchen (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen; pg 43) </ref> | ||
## A fully baked (dry heat), roasted, or fried food may not be cooked(liquid heat). According to Ashkenazim one may not cook the baked, roasted or fried food in a Kli Rishon or Kli Sheni. <Ref> S”A 318:5 brings two opinions and Rama writes that the Minhag is to be strict even in a Kli Sheni. Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:59 holds like the Rama that it’s forbidden even in a Kli Sheni. </ref> | ## A fully baked (dry heat), roasted, or fried food may not be cooked(liquid heat). According to Ashkenazim one may not cook the baked, roasted or fried food in a Kli Rishon or Kli Sheni. <Ref> S”A 318:5 brings two opinions and Rama writes that the Minhag is to be strict even in a Kli Sheni. Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:59 holds like the Rama that it’s forbidden even in a Kli Sheni. </ref> | ||
## According to Ashkenazim, it’s forbidden to put any baked item such as croutons, soup nuts, challah, or matzah in hot soup that was poured directly from the pot. However it is permitted to place a baked food in soup that’s was poured into a bowl through a ladle that wasn’t left in the soup for any length of time. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:59 holds like the Rama that it’s forbidden even in a Kli Sheni, however he considers the soup in the bowl a Kli Shishi if the soup was taken through a ladle that wasn’t left in the soup for any length of time. This is also codified in Hilchot [[Shabbat]] pg 263 by Rabbi Shimon Eider and | ## According to Ashkenazim, it’s forbidden to put any baked item such as croutons, soup nuts, challah, or matzah in hot soup that was poured directly from the pot. However it is permitted to place a baked food in soup that’s was poured into a bowl through a ladle that wasn’t left in the soup for any length of time. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:59 holds like the Rama that it’s forbidden even in a Kli Sheni, however he considers the soup in the bowl a Kli Shishi if the soup was taken through a ladle that wasn’t left in the soup for any length of time. This is also codified in Hilchot [[Shabbat]] pg 263 by Rabbi Shimon Eider and Shabbat Kitchen pg 38 by Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen. </ref> | ||
# According to Ashkenazim, it is forbidden to put a cooked or boiled food such as chicken on top of a blech. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 318:41 and Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:60 writes that since the chicken or cooked food was cooked originally with wet-heat and now it’s being cooked through dry heat like roasting it’s forbidden to heat up the food. </ref> | # According to Ashkenazim, it is forbidden to put a cooked or boiled food such as chicken on top of a blech. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 318:41 and Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:60 writes that since the chicken or cooked food was cooked originally with wet-heat and now it’s being cooked through dry heat like roasting it’s forbidden to heat up the food. </ref> | ||
===Non-fully cooked food or liquid=== | ===Non-fully cooked food or liquid=== | ||
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==Removing food from a pot on the fire== | ==Removing food from a pot on the fire== | ||
# For foods which have not yet been fully cooked, one may not remove a portion since it reduces the amount of food and hastens the cooking. <Ref> | # For foods which have not yet been fully cooked, one may not remove a portion since it reduces the amount of food and hastens the cooking. <Ref> Shabbat Kitchen (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen; pg 8) </ref> | ||
# Similarly, it’s forbidden to take water out of an urn in which the water has not reached its boiling point yet. <Ref> | # Similarly, it’s forbidden to take water out of an urn in which the water has not reached its boiling point yet. <Ref> Shabbat Kitchen (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen; pg 8), Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata (1:35 note 96) </ref> | ||
==Removing a utensil and stirring a hot food== | ==Removing a utensil and stirring a hot food== | ||
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==Cooking in a Kli Shelishi== | ==Cooking in a Kli Shelishi== | ||
# Some forbid putting tea leaves in a Kli Shelishi, and some permit. According to those who forbid, one should make tea essence before [[Shabbat]] and pour it into hot water of a Kli Sheni on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Chazon Ish 52:19, Aruch HaShulchan 318:28, | # Some forbid putting tea leaves in a Kli Shelishi, and some permit. According to those who forbid, one should make tea essence before [[Shabbat]] and pour it into hot water of a Kli Sheni on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Chazon Ish 52:19, Aruch HaShulchan 318:28, Shabbat Kitchen (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Kohen; pg 32) hold that tea leaves are food that are easily cooked and a Kli Shelishi is no different than a Kli Sheni. However, Igrot Moshe 4:74 bishul#15 permits putting tea leaves in a Kli Shelishi since he holds that a Kli Shelishi can’t cook at all. According to those who forbid, Mishna Brurah 319:39 writes that one should make tea essence before [[Shabbat]] and then pour it into hot water of a Kli Sheni on [[Shabbat]]. See Sh”t Shevet Halevi 1:90 who argues on the advise of the Mishna Brurah to cook the leaves before [[Shabbat]] and then again on [[Shabbat]] because Sh”t Maharam Shik 132 suggest that there may be bishul acher bishul with the tea leaves. </ref> | ||
## Some say there’s an issue of putting tea leaves in a kli rishon on [[Shabbat]] even if they were put in boiling water before [[Shabbat]]. However if the leaves were totally cooked there’s no issue of putting them in a kli rishon on [[Shabbat]]. <Ref> Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 1:90 </ref> | ## Some say there’s an issue of putting tea leaves in a kli rishon on [[Shabbat]] even if they were put in boiling water before [[Shabbat]]. However if the leaves were totally cooked there’s no issue of putting them in a kli rishon on [[Shabbat]]. <Ref> Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 1:90 </ref> | ||
# A fully baked (dry heat), roasted, or fried food may be cooked(liquid heat) in a Kli Shelishi. Therefore if soup was ladled from a pot into a bowl it’s permissible to place bread in the bowl. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:59 </ref> | # A fully baked (dry heat), roasted, or fried food may be cooked(liquid heat) in a Kli Shelishi. Therefore if soup was ladled from a pot into a bowl it’s permissible to place bread in the bowl. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:59 </ref> | ||
==Cooking in a Microwave== | ==Cooking in a Microwave== | ||
# It’s forbidden to cook in a microwave on [[Shabbat]]. <Ref> 39 Melachot (Rav Ribiat; pg 589), Sh”t Igrot Moshe 3:52, | # It’s forbidden to cook in a microwave on [[Shabbat]]. <Ref> 39 Melachot (Rav Ribiat; pg 589), Sh”t Igrot Moshe 3:52, Shabbat Kitchen (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen; pg 2)</ref> | ||
==Water heaters or boilers== | ==Water heaters or boilers== | ||
# Many water heaters (or boilers) are made so that automatically when hot water is removed cold water is added, if this is the case, it’s forbidden to remove hot water even if the water heater (or boiler) is turned off. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:39 </ref> | # Many water heaters (or boilers) are made so that automatically when hot water is removed cold water is added, if this is the case, it’s forbidden to remove hot water even if the water heater (or boiler) is turned off. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:39 </ref> | ||
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# Food which isn’t fully cooked may not be placed on top of another pot which is on the fire. <Ref> S”A 318:7-8 brings a dispute whether one may place a pot with cold solids or hot liquids which are Yad Soldet Bo on top of a pot that’s on the fire and rules leniently. Even though the Taz 318:11 writes that it’s permissible even if it’s not fully cooked (but seems to require that the pot will not be able to cook), Mishna Brurah 318:55 rules that the food must be fully cooked based on the Achronim (Bach, Gra, Tosefet [[Shabbat]], Olat [[Shabbat]], Maamer Mordechai, Pri Megadim) who disagree with the Taz 318:9 on a similar issue. Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:36 rules like the Mishna Brurah. </ref> | # Food which isn’t fully cooked may not be placed on top of another pot which is on the fire. <Ref> S”A 318:7-8 brings a dispute whether one may place a pot with cold solids or hot liquids which are Yad Soldet Bo on top of a pot that’s on the fire and rules leniently. Even though the Taz 318:11 writes that it’s permissible even if it’s not fully cooked (but seems to require that the pot will not be able to cook), Mishna Brurah 318:55 rules that the food must be fully cooked based on the Achronim (Bach, Gra, Tosefet [[Shabbat]], Olat [[Shabbat]], Maamer Mordechai, Pri Megadim) who disagree with the Taz 318:9 on a similar issue. Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:36 rules like the Mishna Brurah. </ref> | ||
# It’s permissible to place a pot of cold food on top of another pot (which is on top of the fire) in order to remove it’s chill only if there’s no chance that the pot will reach Yad Soldet Bo if left it was left there. <Ref> Buir Halacha 318:6 D”H Ad SheTehe, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:36 </ref> | # It’s permissible to place a pot of cold food on top of another pot (which is on top of the fire) in order to remove it’s chill only if there’s no chance that the pot will reach Yad Soldet Bo if left it was left there. <Ref> Buir Halacha 318:6 D”H Ad SheTehe, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:36 </ref> | ||
# It’s permissible to place a pot of solid food on top of another pot which is on a fire as long as the food is fully cooked. If the food is liquid, it must be fully cooked, and according to Sephardim, the liquid must be Yad Soldet Bo, however, according to Ashkenazim, the liquid must be warm (and not cold). <Ref>S”A 318:7 brings a dispute whether one may place a pot with hot liquids which are Yad Soldet Bo on top of a pot that’s on the fire. S”A 318:8 quotes the same dispute regarding solids except that the food doesn’t need to be hot and even if the food can reach the temperature of Yad Soldet Bo. S”A rules that for both the previous issues the halacha is like the lenient opinion. So rule the achronim including Gra 318:7, Eliyah Rabba 318:21, Mishna Brurah 318:60, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:36, and Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 3 pg 207). Even though 318:7 writes that liquids must be as hot as Yad Soldet Bo, Rama 318:15 argues that even if it’s just slightly warm it’s permissible. So rules Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:36. [However, Chazon Ish 37 writes that an empty pot isn’t considered a separation between the pot of food and the fire. So holds Sh”t Az Nidbaru 3:14 and | # It’s permissible to place a pot of solid food on top of another pot which is on a fire as long as the food is fully cooked. If the food is liquid, it must be fully cooked, and according to Sephardim, the liquid must be Yad Soldet Bo, however, according to Ashkenazim, the liquid must be warm (and not cold). <Ref>S”A 318:7 brings a dispute whether one may place a pot with hot liquids which are Yad Soldet Bo on top of a pot that’s on the fire. S”A 318:8 quotes the same dispute regarding solids except that the food doesn’t need to be hot and even if the food can reach the temperature of Yad Soldet Bo. S”A rules that for both the previous issues the halacha is like the lenient opinion. So rule the achronim including Gra 318:7, Eliyah Rabba 318:21, Mishna Brurah 318:60, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:36, and Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 3 pg 207). Even though 318:7 writes that liquids must be as hot as Yad Soldet Bo, Rama 318:15 argues that even if it’s just slightly warm it’s permissible. So rules Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:36. [However, Chazon Ish 37 writes that an empty pot isn’t considered a separation between the pot of food and the fire. So holds Sh”t Az Nidbaru 3:14 and Shabbat Kitchen (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Kohen; pg 42) that the bottom pot must be filled with food. However, Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 1:91 defends the minhag.] </ref> | ||
# It’s forbidden to place a pot on top of another pot where the top pot contains food with containing large quantities of congealed fat. However, if there’s only a little congealed fat such that when melted it mixes with the rest of the food it’s permissible. If fat was dissolved it may be eaten. It’s also permitted to dissolve a sauce that is normally eaten in it’s congealed state such as fish sauce. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:37 </ref> | # It’s forbidden to place a pot on top of another pot where the top pot contains food with containing large quantities of congealed fat. However, if there’s only a little congealed fat such that when melted it mixes with the rest of the food it’s permissible. If fat was dissolved it may be eaten. It’s also permitted to dissolve a sauce that is normally eaten in it’s congealed state such as fish sauce. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:37 </ref> | ||
