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Bishul: Difference between revisions
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# Another way to violate the biblical prohibition of Bishul is to hasten the cooking process of uncooked food. Therefore uncooked chulent may not be moved from one area on the blech to another area which is closer to the fire. <ref> Rambam 9:4 and S"A 254:4 regarding stirring, Rabbi Akiva Eiger 318:1, 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 559) </ref> | # Another way to violate the biblical prohibition of Bishul is to hasten the cooking process of uncooked food. Therefore uncooked chulent may not be moved from one area on the blech to another area which is closer to the fire. <ref> Rambam 9:4 and S"A 254:4 regarding stirring, Rabbi Akiva Eiger 318:1, 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 559) </ref> | ||
# If one turned on one's water urn right before Shabbat and the water hasn't finished cooking one may not take out water becasue in doing so one will hasten the cooking of the rest of the water remaining in the urn. <ref> 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 559) </ref> | # If one turned on one's water urn right before Shabbat and the water hasn't finished cooking one may not take out water becasue in doing so one will hasten the cooking of the rest of the water remaining in the urn. <ref> 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 559) </ref> | ||
==Heating near a fire== | ==Heating near a fire== | ||
# It’s permissible to place completely cooked cold solid food or slightly warm liquid (according to Sephardim, boiling liquid) near a fire to remove the chill or warm it up. <Ref> S”A 318:15 writes that totally cooked cold solids and boiling liquids may be placed near the fire even in an area where it could reach Yad Soldet Bo. Rama 318:15 writes that the minhag is to be lenient regarding reheating liquids as long as it’s slightly warm. So writes Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:13, Shabbat Kitchen (pg 43). </ref> | # It’s permissible to place completely cooked cold solid food or slightly warm liquid (according to Sephardim, boiling liquid) near a fire to remove the chill or warm it up. <Ref> S”A 318:15 writes that totally cooked cold solids and boiling liquids may be placed near the fire even in an area where it could reach Yad Soldet Bo. Rama 318:15 writes that the minhag is to be lenient regarding reheating liquids as long as it’s slightly warm. So writes Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:13, Shabbat Kitchen (pg 43). </ref> | ||
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# If there’s a possibility that the food isn’t fully cooked, if the oven door is opened or opened by itself, it’s forbidden to close the oven door, unless the food is removed. However, fully cooked food that was in the oven from before Shabbat may remain there when/if the oven door is opened. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:17 </ref> | # If there’s a possibility that the food isn’t fully cooked, if the oven door is opened or opened by itself, it’s forbidden to close the oven door, unless the food is removed. However, fully cooked food that was in the oven from before Shabbat may remain there when/if the oven door is opened. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:17 </ref> | ||
# It’s forbidden to use an oven which is thermostatically controlled since opening or closing the door will likely cause the flame to be increased. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:29 </ref> | # It’s forbidden to use an oven which is thermostatically controlled since opening or closing the door will likely cause the flame to be increased. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:29 </ref> | ||
==Cooking on a covered fire== | ==Cooking on a covered fire== | ||
# It’s permissible to cover a fire with a metal tray upside down (which both diminishes it’s heat and makes it’s clear that one is not cooking the same one would during the week) and then place a pot of fully cooked food that is still slightly warm (having been on a fire earlier from before Shabbat). <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:23 </ref> | # It’s permissible to cover a fire with a metal tray upside down (which both diminishes it’s heat and makes it’s clear that one is not cooking the same one would during the week) and then place a pot of fully cooked food that is still slightly warm (having been on a fire earlier from before Shabbat). <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:23 </ref> | ||
==Cooking in a Kli Rishon on the fire== | |||
# It’s forbidden to put any food, liquid or solid, cooked or non-cooked, hot or cold, in a pot on the fire even if one intends to remove it right away. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:12, 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 572) </ref> | |||
==Cooking in a Kli Rishon off the fire== | ==Cooking in a Kli Rishon off the fire== | ||
# A Kli Rishon is a pot that was in contact with | # A Kli Rishon is a pot that was in contact with a fire or heat source and is still a Kli Rishon if removed from the fire as long as it is 113 degrees. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:2, 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 572) </ref> | ||
# A ladle can be considered a Kli Rishon if it was inserted in a hot Kli Rishon all the more so if it was left in there. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:48 </ref> | # A ladle can be considered a Kli Rishon if it was inserted in a hot Kli Rishon all the more so if it was left in there. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:48 </ref> | ||
# Food or liquid that’s not fully cooked may not be placed in a Kli Rishon (a pot removed from fire that’s hotter than 113 degrees Fahrenheit) even if the food is hot and the Kli Rishon is off the fire. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata. 1:6 </ref> | # Food or liquid that’s not fully cooked may not be placed in a Kli Rishon (a pot removed from fire that’s hotter than 113 degrees Fahrenheit) even if the food is hot and the Kli Rishon is off the fire. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata. 1:6 </ref> | ||
# One may not put down a hot pot on a wet counter top. <ref> http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=577 </ref> | |||
===Fully cooked liquids=== | ===Fully cooked liquids=== | ||
# According to Ashkenazim it’s permitted to place a fully cooked liquid in a Kli Rishon that’s off the fire as long as the liquid is still warm (it hasn’t completely cooled since being heated). <Ref> Mishna Brurah 318:24 bringing the Rama 318:15 even in the case of a Kli Rishon, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata. 1:7,15, Shabbat Kitchen (pg 41-3) </ref> | # According to Ashkenazim it’s permitted to place a fully cooked liquid in a Kli Rishon that’s off the fire as long as the liquid is still warm (it hasn’t completely cooled since being heated). <Ref> Mishna Brurah 318:24 bringing the Rama 318:15 even in the case of a Kli Rishon, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata. 1:7,15, Shabbat Kitchen (pg 41-3) </ref> | ||
# According to Sephardim, it’s permissible to pour fully cooked hot liquid into a Kli Rishon only if the liquid is still 113 degrees. <Ref> S”A 318:4 writes that if the liquid has cooled it may not be poured into a kli rishon. Mishna Brurah 318:24 explains that it must be Yad Soldet Bo according to S”A in order to pour it into a kli rishon. </ref> | # According to Sephardim, it’s permissible to pour fully cooked hot liquid into a Kli Rishon only if the liquid is still 113 degrees. <Ref> S”A 318:4 writes that if the liquid has cooled it may not be poured into a kli rishon. Mishna Brurah 318:24 explains that it must be Yad Soldet Bo according to S”A in order to pour it into a kli rishon. </ref> | ||
# Fully cooked liquid which has cooled (since it was heated originally while cooking) even if it became warm after it was cooked may not be reheated in a Kli Rishon and the contents of a Kli Rishon may not be poured into in. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata. 1:8(1), 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 563) </ref> | # Fully cooked liquid which has cooled (since it was heated originally while cooking) even if it became warm after it was cooked may not be reheated in a Kli Rishon and the contents of a Kli Rishon may not be poured into in. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata. 1:8(1), 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 563) </ref> | ||
===Fully cooked solids=== | ===Fully cooked solids=== | ||
# A fully cooked solid even if it’s cold may be placed in a Kli Rishon if the pot is not on the fire. <Ref> S”A 318:4, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:10, 15, Shabbat Kitchen (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen; pg 43) </ref> | # A fully cooked solid even if it’s cold may be placed in a Kli Rishon if the pot is not on the fire. <Ref> S”A 318:4, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:10, 15, Shabbat Kitchen (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen; pg 43) </ref> | ||
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# If one’s fully cooked food is drying out one may pour boiling water from an urn into a pot that’s on the fire. If that’s not possible it’s permitted to take water with a ladle or spoon and pour it into the pot. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:16 </ref> | # If one’s fully cooked food is drying out one may pour boiling water from an urn into a pot that’s on the fire. If that’s not possible it’s permitted to take water with a ladle or spoon and pour it into the pot. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:16 </ref> | ||
# It’s permissible to separate fully cooked in one pot on the fire into two pots as long as the empty one was clean and dry and one complies with the rules of chazara. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:16 </ref> | # It’s permissible to separate fully cooked in one pot on the fire into two pots as long as the empty one was clean and dry and one complies with the rules of chazara. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:16 </ref> | ||
==Pouring from a Kli Rishon== | ==Pouring from a Kli Rishon== | ||
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# Many water heaters (or boilers) are made so that automatically when hot water is removed cold water is added, if this is the case, it’s forbidden to remove hot water even if the water heater (or boiler) is turned off. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:39 </ref> | # Many water heaters (or boilers) are made so that automatically when hot water is removed cold water is added, if this is the case, it’s forbidden to remove hot water even if the water heater (or boiler) is turned off. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:39 </ref> | ||
==One pot on top of another== | ==One pot on top of another== | ||
