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Bishul: Difference between revisions
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# It is forbidden to put any food, liquid or solid, on the fire on Shabbat, whether the food is cold or hot, cooked or raw. <ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:12 </ref> | # It is forbidden to put any food, liquid or solid, on the fire on Shabbat, whether the food is cold or hot, cooked or raw. <ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:12 </ref> | ||
# Similarly, it is forbidden to put any food in a pot that's on the fire. <ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:12 </ref> | # Similarly, it is forbidden to put any food in a pot that's on the fire. <ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:12 </ref> | ||
==Cooking non-Foods== | |||
# The prohibition of cooking includes foods as well as non-foods in which case any change of property in the substance is considered cooking. <ref> 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 553) </ref> | |||
# It's forbidden to melt off wax droplets using fire or hot water. <ref> 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 553) </ref> | |||
# It's forbidden to heat a metal until it's red hot. <ref> 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 553) </ref> | |||
# It's forbidden to bake bricks or earthenware in a kiln. <ref> 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 553) </ref> | |||
==Bishul Deoritta== | |||
# One only violates the biblical prohibition of Bishul if one changes a food from inedible to edible or non-food from one state of property to another. <ref> 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 553) </ref> | |||
# Since the food takes time to cook one hasn't violated biblical Bishul until it has completed cooking and if one notices that one put a food on the fire one must remove it before it becomes cooked. <ref> Rambam 9:5, 39 Melachos (vol 2, pg 554) </ref> | |||
# Regarding Solids the halachic definition of a change from inedible to edible occurs when the food is cooked to a third of the time it takes to cook normally according to some authorities, and up to a half of the time it takes to cook normally according to others. <ref> Rashi Shabbat 20a D"H Ben Dursai holds that Bishul Deoritta is violated when it reaches half of it's cooking while Rambam Shabbat 9:5 holds that once it's reached a third of it's cooking one has violated Bishul Doeritta. 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 555) explains that a third and a half refer to the time that the food would take to fully cook. </ref> | |||
# Regarding liquids one has violated the biblical prohibition of Bishul if one heats a cold liquid to a point of Yad Soldet Bo (110 degrees Fahrenheit). <ref> 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 558) </ref> | |||
# Further heating a liquid that is already hot is forbidden biblically unless it has reached 160 degrees according to some and that liquid's boiling point according to others. <ref> Sh"t Igrot Moshe 4:74(3) writes that it's sufficient to assume that once a liquid is 160 degrees heating it further it's permissible to heat it further, while others including Otzrot Shabbat in name of Rav Elayshiv, Sh"t Shevet HaLevi 7:42(3), and Minchat Yitzchak 10:28 hold it must reach it's boiling point before being allowed to heat it further. </ref> | |||
# Another way to violate the biblical prohibition of Bishul is to hasten the cooking process of uncooked food. Therefore uncooked chulent may not be moved from one area on the blech to another area which is closer to the fire. <ref> Rambam 9:4 and S"A 254:4 regarding stirring, Rabbi Akiva Eiger 318:1, 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 559) </ref> | |||
# If one turned on one's water urn right before Shabbat and the water hasn't finished cooking one may not take out water becasue in doing so one will hasten the cooking of the rest of the water remaining in the urn. <ref> 39 Melachos (vol 2 pg 559) </ref> | |||
==Heating near a fire== | ==Heating near a fire== | ||
# It’s permissible to place completely cooked cold solid food or slightly warm liquid (according to Sephardim, boiling liquid) near a fire to remove the chill or warm it up. <Ref> S”A 318:15 writes that totally cooked cold solids and boiling liquids may be placed near the fire even in an area where it could reach Yad Soldet Bo. Rama 318:15 writes that the minhag is to be lenient regarding reheating liquids as long as it’s slightly warm. So writes Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:13, Shabbat Kitchen (pg 43). </ref> | # It’s permissible to place completely cooked cold solid food or slightly warm liquid (according to Sephardim, boiling liquid) near a fire to remove the chill or warm it up. <Ref> S”A 318:15 writes that totally cooked cold solids and boiling liquids may be placed near the fire even in an area where it could reach Yad Soldet Bo. Rama 318:15 writes that the minhag is to be lenient regarding reheating liquids as long as it’s slightly warm. So writes Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 1:13, Shabbat Kitchen (pg 43). </ref> | ||
