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Birkat Hamazon: Difference between revisions
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# According to Ashkenazim, Al HaMichya should be said in the place where one ate and so if one left it would have the same law as Birkat HaMazon. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 184:12 quoting the Gra </ref> | # According to Ashkenazim, Al HaMichya should be said in the place where one ate and so if one left it would have the same law as Birkat HaMazon. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 184:12 quoting the Gra </ref> | ||
==If one is in doubt if one said Birkat HaMazon== | ==If one is in doubt if one said Birkat HaMazon== | ||
# If one ate and was full and now is unsure whether one said Birkat HaMazon, preferably one should have another Kezayit (upon which one should wash and say HaMotzei) and then say Birkat HaMazon, however, the strict law is that one should said Birkat HaMazon in cases of doubt. <Ref>S”A 184:4, Mishna Brurah 184:15, Kaf HaChaim 184:15 </ref> | # If one ate and was full and now is unsure whether one said Birkat HaMazon, preferably one should have another [[Kezayit]] (upon which one should wash and say HaMotzei) and then say Birkat HaMazon, however, the strict law is that one should said Birkat HaMazon in cases of doubt. <Ref>S”A 184:4, Mishna Brurah 184:15, Kaf HaChaim 184:15 </ref> | ||
# If a person ate bread and is full but is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon, one must go back and say Birkat HaMazon. According to Ashkenazim, one should say the entire Birkat HaMazon, whereas according to Sephardim, one should only say the first 3 Brachot. <Ref> S”A 184:4 rules that if a person is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon he has to go back and say it since Birkat HaMazon is deoritta we don’t apply the general rule of Safek Brachot Lehakel. Mishna Brurah 184:13 comments that when one repeats the benching one must say all four Brachot even though the forth one is only derabbanan so that people don’t disregard it’s importance. However, the Sephardic achronim including the Kaf HaChaim (184:15) and Yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 282) argue that since the forth Bracha is derabbanan we apply the rule of Safek Brachot without concern for a remote possibility of those who will degrade the forth Bracha. </ref> | # If a person ate bread and is full but is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon, one must go back and say Birkat HaMazon. According to Ashkenazim, one should say the entire Birkat HaMazon, whereas according to Sephardim, one should only say the first 3 Brachot. <Ref> S”A 184:4 rules that if a person is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon he has to go back and say it since Birkat HaMazon is deoritta we don’t apply the general rule of Safek Brachot Lehakel. Mishna Brurah 184:13 comments that when one repeats the benching one must say all four Brachot even though the forth one is only derabbanan so that people don’t disregard it’s importance. However, the Sephardic achronim including the Kaf HaChaim (184:15) and Yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 282) argue that since the forth Bracha is derabbanan we apply the rule of Safek Brachot without concern for a remote possibility of those who will degrade the forth Bracha. </ref> | ||
# If a person ate a Kezayit of bread but wasn’t full, and now is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon he shouldn’t go back and make Birkat HaMazon, but it’s preferable to wash again, make Hamotzei, eat a Kezayit and make Birkat HaMazon. <Ref> S"A 184:4. Mishna Brurah 184:15 writes that according to many Rishonim only if one ate and is full is one Biblically obligated, therefore if one only had a [[Kezayit]] and is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon one shouldn’t go back and say it out of doubt, rather it’s preferable to wash again, make hamotzei, eat a [[Kezayit]] and make Birkat HaMazon. So rules Yalkut Yosef (Brachot 286). </ref> | # If a person ate a [[Kezayit]] of bread but wasn’t full, and now is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon he shouldn’t go back and make Birkat HaMazon, but it’s preferable to wash again, make Hamotzei, eat a [[Kezayit]] and make Birkat HaMazon. <Ref> S"A 184:4. Mishna Brurah 184:15 writes that according to many Rishonim only if one ate and is full is one Biblically obligated, therefore if one only had a [[Kezayit]] and is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon one shouldn’t go back and say it out of doubt, rather it’s preferable to wash again, make hamotzei, eat a [[Kezayit]] and make Birkat HaMazon. So rules Yalkut Yosef (Brachot 286). </ref> | ||
# If a person ate bread and is still thirsty becuase he didn't drink enough during the meal and now has a doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon, some say he should repeat Birkat HaMazon and some say not to repeat it. <ref> yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 289) writes that since the opinion of S"A is that even if one is still thirsty the obligation of Birkat HaMazon is Deoritta, in cases of doubt one should go back and say Birkat HaMazon. However, Kaf HaChaim 184:26, Ben Ish Chai. and Or Letzion 13:6 hold that since there's an opinion that Birkat HaMazon is only Derabbanan if one is still thirsty one shouldn't go back and say Birkat HaMazon. </ref> | # If a person ate bread and is still thirsty becuase he didn't drink enough during the meal and now has a doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon, some say he should repeat Birkat HaMazon and some say not to repeat it. <ref> yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 289) writes that since the opinion of S"A is that even if one is still thirsty the obligation of Birkat HaMazon is Deoritta, in cases of doubt one should go back and say Birkat HaMazon. However, Kaf HaChaim 184:26, Ben Ish Chai. and Or Letzion 13:6 hold that since there's an opinion that Birkat HaMazon is only Derabbanan if one is still thirsty one shouldn't go back and say Birkat HaMazon. </ref> | ||
# A woman who ate bread and is unsure whether she said Birkat HaMazon, she should hear it from someone else or wash again and make another HaMotzei to remove herself from doubt. However, if that's impossible, Ashkenazim hold that she may say Birkat HaMazon, but according to Sephardim she is not supposed Birkat HaMazon out of doubt. <ref> Ben Ish Chai Chukat 9, Kaf HaChaim 184:25, Rabbi Ovadyah Yosef in Sh"t Yacheve Daat 6:10, and Halacha Brurah 184:10 (explained in Sh"t Otzerot Yosef 7:7)hold that a woman is possibly obligated Deoritta and so in a case of doubt we revert to the rule of Safek Brachot and so a woman wouldn't return and make the bracha. However, the Mishna Brurah 186:3 holds that there's enough to rely on for a woman to go back and make Birkat HaMazon if she wants. So holds Rabbi Binyamin Zilber quoted in VeZot HaBracha (pg 351). </ref> | # A woman who ate bread and is unsure whether she said Birkat HaMazon, she should hear it from someone else or wash again and make another HaMotzei to remove herself from doubt. However, if that's impossible, Ashkenazim hold that she may say Birkat HaMazon, but according to Sephardim she is not supposed Birkat HaMazon out of doubt. <ref> Ben Ish Chai Chukat 9, Kaf HaChaim 184:25, Rabbi Ovadyah Yosef in Sh"t Yacheve Daat 6:10, and Halacha Brurah 184:10 (explained in Sh"t Otzerot Yosef 7:7)hold that a woman is possibly obligated Deoritta and so in a case of doubt we revert to the rule of Safek Brachot and so a woman wouldn't return and make the bracha. However, the Mishna Brurah 186:3 holds that there's enough to rely on for a woman to go back and make Birkat HaMazon if she wants. So holds Rabbi Binyamin Zilber quoted in VeZot HaBracha (pg 351). </ref> | ||
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==How long does one have to say Birkat HaMazon?== | ==How long does one have to say Birkat HaMazon?== | ||
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# If one ate bread and is full, preferably one should make Birkat HaMazon within 72 minutes and after the fact, one may make it as long as one is full from what one ate. However, after 72 minutes, if one is a little hungry, one can no longer make the Birkat HaMazon. <Ref> S”A 184:5 writes that one may Birkat HaMazon until one is hungry again. Vezot HaBracha (pg 49, chapter 5) and Yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 300) rule that if one didn’t make Birkat HaMazon until after 72 minutes, one may surely recite Birkat HaMazon as long as one is still full and one isn't hungry. Vezot HaBracha quotes Rav Elyashiv who says that it’s preferable to eat a little more before making Birkat HaMazon. Aruch HaShulchan 184:7 and 8 writes that since we don't know the precise determination of when we're still full must make Birkat HaMazon within 72 minutes and if one didn't then one should eat another Kezayit and then say Birkat HaMazon. Kaf HaChaim 184:28 writes that in order to fulfill all opinions if it has been 72 minutes one should eat another Kezayit and if one doesn't have bread one may make Birkat HaMazon as long as one is full.</ref> | # If one ate bread and is full, preferably one should make Birkat HaMazon within 72 minutes and after the fact, one may make it as long as one is full from what one ate. However, after 72 minutes, if one is a little hungry, one can no longer make the Birkat HaMazon. <Ref> S”A 184:5 writes that one may Birkat HaMazon until one is hungry again. Vezot HaBracha (pg 49, chapter 5) and Yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 300) rule that if one didn’t make Birkat HaMazon until after 72 minutes, one may surely recite Birkat HaMazon as long as one is still full and one isn't hungry. Vezot HaBracha quotes Rav Elyashiv who says that it’s preferable to eat a little more before making Birkat HaMazon. Aruch HaShulchan 184:7 and 8 writes that since we don't know the precise determination of when we're still full must make Birkat HaMazon within 72 minutes and if one didn't then one should eat another [[Kezayit]] and then say Birkat HaMazon. Kaf HaChaim 184:28 writes that in order to fulfill all opinions if it has been 72 minutes one should eat another [[Kezayit]] and if one doesn't have bread one may make Birkat HaMazon as long as one is full.</ref> | ||
# If it’s past 72 minutes and one is in doubt whether one is still full one can make Birkat HaMazon, yet, it’s preferable to eat another [[Kezayit]] before making Birkat Hamazon. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 184:15, Vezot HaBracha (pg 49, chapter 5) </ref> | # If it’s past 72 minutes and one is in doubt whether one is still full one can make Birkat HaMazon, yet, it’s preferable to eat another [[Kezayit]] before making Birkat Hamazon. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 184:15, Vezot HaBracha (pg 49, chapter 5) </ref> | ||
# However, if one just had a Kezayit and was not full, one should try to make the Birkat HaMazon right away and if one didn't one may only make Birkat HaMazon up to 72 minutes after one ate. <ref> Yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 300), Mishna Brurah 184:20 </ref> Some add that if one waited more than a half hour it's preferable to have another Kezayit of bread before making Birkat HaMazon. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (chap 5, pg 50) </ref> | # However, if one just had a [[Kezayit]] and was not full, one should try to make the Birkat HaMazon right away and if one didn't one may only make Birkat HaMazon up to 72 minutes after one ate. <ref> Yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 300), Mishna Brurah 184:20 </ref> Some add that if one waited more than a half hour it's preferable to have another [[Kezayit]] of bread before making Birkat HaMazon. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (chap 5, pg 50) </ref> | ||
# If one has a very long meal and continues to have appetizers or drinks, one may make the Birkat HaMazon as long as the meal continues even 4 or 5 hours. <ref> Mishna Brurah 184:18, Vezot HaBracha (chap 5, pg 50), Yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 301) </ref> One should have something to eat or drink every 72 minutes, however, if one didn't then one may still say Birkat HaMazon. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (chap 5, pg 51) quoting the Magan Avraham 184:9 </ref> | # If one has a very long meal and continues to have appetizers or drinks, one may make the Birkat HaMazon as long as the meal continues even 4 or 5 hours. <ref> Mishna Brurah 184:18, Vezot HaBracha (chap 5, pg 50), Yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 301) </ref> One should have something to eat or drink every 72 minutes, however, if one didn't then one may still say Birkat HaMazon. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (chap 5, pg 51) quoting the Magan Avraham 184:9 </ref> | ||
==Minimum amount of bread== | ==Minimum amount of bread== | ||
# One is not obligated to recite Birkat HaMazon unless one eat a minimum of a Kezayit of bread. <Ref>S”A 168:9, 184:6, and 210:1 </ref> The amount of bread necessary in order to make [[HaMotzei]] and [[Netilat_Yadayim_for_a_meal|Netilat Yadayim]] are discussed in the articles specific to those topics. | # One is not obligated to recite Birkat HaMazon unless one eat a minimum of a [[Kezayit]] of bread. <Ref>S”A 168:9, 184:6, and 210:1 </ref> The amount of bread necessary in order to make [[HaMotzei]] and [[Netilat_Yadayim_for_a_meal|Netilat Yadayim]] are discussed in the articles specific to those topics. | ||
# How large is a kzayit of bread? According to Ashkenazim the [[Kezayit]] is slightly less than one ounze of volume. A good approximation is half the center piece of a 1 lb rye bread. <ref> Halachos of Brachos Addendum 1, pg 246 </ref> According to Sephardim the [[Kezayit]] is 27 grams in weight. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 158:4 </ref> For more specific halachot about Kezayit, see the [[Halachot of Kezayit]]. | # How large is a kzayit of bread? According to Ashkenazim the [[Kezayit]] is slightly less than one ounze of volume. A good approximation is half the center piece of a 1 lb rye bread. <ref> Halachos of Brachos Addendum 1, pg 246 </ref> According to Sephardim the [[Kezayit]] is 27 grams in weight. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 158:4 </ref> For more specific halachot about Kezayit, see the [[Halachot of Kezayit]]. | ||
