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Birkat Halevana: Difference between revisions
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# For the Ashkenazic text [https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tefila.org%2Fimages%2Fstories%2Fbirkon%2Flevana-e1.pdf click here (from Tefilah.org)]. For the Sephardic text [https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tefila.org%2Fimages%2Fstories%2Fbirkon%2Flevana-s1.pdf click here (from Tefilah.org)]. | # For the Ashkenazic text [https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tefila.org%2Fimages%2Fstories%2Fbirkon%2Flevana-e1.pdf click here (from Tefilah.org)]. For the Sephardic text [https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tefila.org%2Fimages%2Fstories%2Fbirkon%2Flevana-s1.pdf click here (from Tefilah.org)]. | ||
==When it should be said== | ==When it should be said== | ||
# According to Ashkenazim, one may say the Bracha 3 days after the molad, however according to Sephardim, in general one should wait until 7 days after the molad. For this halacha, days are counted by 24 hour periods. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 426:4 writes that one shouldn’t say Birkat Halevana until 7 days have passed from the molad based on the Shaarei Orah. However, the Bach 426 rules like the Rabbenu Yonah who says that one may say it after 3 days. Taz 426:3, | # According to Ashkenazim, one may say the Bracha 3 days after the molad, however according to Sephardim, in general one should wait until 7 days after the molad. For this halacha, days are counted by 24 hour periods. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 426:4 writes that one shouldn’t say Birkat Halevana until 7 days have passed from the molad based on the Shaarei Orah. However, the Bach 426 rules like the Rabbenu Yonah who says that one may say it after 3 days. Taz 426:3, Magen Avraham 426:13, Aruch HaShulchan 426:13, and Mishna Brurah 426:20 agree with the Bach. Sh”t Yabia Omer 6:38(1) rules like Shulchan Aruch but adds that if Motzei [[Shabbat]] is a few hours less than 7 days one may say it and in places where majority of the month is cloudy one may say it after 3 days. Mishna Brurah 426:17 clarifies that for this halacha days are counted as 24 hour periods and not from sunset to sunset. </ref> It’s proper to wait until Motzei [[Shabbat]] (Saturday night) to say Birkat HaLevana. <Ref>Maasechet Sofrim 19:10 (in some versions 20:1) writes that one should say Birkat HaLevana specifically on Motzei [[Shabbat]]. However, Rabbenu Yonah ([[Brachot]] 21a) quotes some who say this, rejects it, and concludes that one can say it anytime after 3 days. Bet Yosef 426:2 writes that probably Rabbenu Yonah didn’t have this girsa in Maasechet Sofrim. S”A 426:2 rules that one should say Birkat HaLevana on Motzei [[Shabbat]]. However, the Biur HaGra 426:2 cites the Gemara Yevamot 39a which says that we don’t delay performing [[Mitzvot]]. The Mishna Brurah 426:20 rules that it’s proper to wait until Motzei [[Shabbat]] but there is what to rely on to say it earlier and in the winter and rainy months those who are zealous to say it early are praiseworthy. Rama 426:2 writes that if Motzei [[Shabbat]] is the 11th night from the molad one doesn’t have to wait until Motzei [[Shabbat]] because it’s possible it will be cloudy the following 4 nights. </ref> | ||
# During the month of Tishrei, [[Kiddish]] Levana isn't said prior to [[Yom Kippur]]. Rather it should be said the right after [[Yom Kippur]].<ref> Rama 426:2 </ref> | # During the month of Tishrei, [[Kiddish]] Levana isn't said prior to [[Yom Kippur]]. Rather it should be said the right after [[Yom Kippur]].<ref> Rama 426:2 </ref> | ||
# During the month of Av, most have the minhag not to say [[Kiddush Levana]] prior to [[Tisha BeAv]]. Additionally, it shouldn't be said right after [[Tisha BeAv]], but in the next few days. <ref> Rama 426:2 and 551:8, Mishna Brurah 426:10. Halichot Shlomo ([[Tefillah]] ch. 15, n. 22) records Rav Shlomo Zalman's minhag to recite [[Kiddush Levana]] after 3 full days even during the months of Tishrei and Av. See Aruch Hashulchan 551:22 and Maaseh Rav 159. </ref> | # During the month of Av, most have the minhag not to say [[Kiddush Levana]] prior to [[Tisha BeAv]]. Additionally, it shouldn't be said right after [[Tisha BeAv]], but in the next few days. <ref> Rama 426:2 and 551:8, Mishna Brurah 426:10. Halichot Shlomo ([[Tefillah]] ch. 15, n. 22) records Rav Shlomo Zalman's minhag to recite [[Kiddush Levana]] after 3 full days even during the months of Tishrei and Av. See Aruch Hashulchan 551:22 and Maaseh Rav 159. </ref> | ||
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==Looking at the moon== | ==Looking at the moon== | ||
# One should look at the moon prior to saying the Bracha. Some hold that one should only look at the moon once and not look at it again, whereas others are lenient to allow looking at it anytime during [[the Seder]] of Birkat HaLevana except during the Bracha itself. <Ref> | # One should look at the moon prior to saying the Bracha. Some hold that one should only look at the moon once and not look at it again, whereas others are lenient to allow looking at it anytime during [[the Seder]] of Birkat HaLevana except during the Bracha itself. <Ref> | ||
* Shulchan Aruch 426:2 writes that one should look at the moon prior to making the Bracha. | * Shulchan Aruch 426:2 writes that one should look at the moon prior to making the Bracha. Magen Avraham 426:8 quotes the Shlah who says that one should only look once and then it’s forbidden to look again (for Kabbalistic reasons). Shaarei Knesset HaGedolah 426:5 quotes the Sefer Charedim that one may only look at the moon at the time of the Bracha. | ||
[However, the Sefer Charedim 45:5 actually writes that one may not look at the moon just like one may not look at a rainbow (and doesn’t mention anything about the Bracha). Thus, the Birur Halacha (Rabbi Yechiel Zilber, vol 5, pg 121) explains that the Sefer Charedim probably agrees with the Shlah.] | [However, the Sefer Charedim 45:5 actually writes that one may not look at the moon just like one may not look at a rainbow (and doesn’t mention anything about the Bracha). Thus, the Birur Halacha (Rabbi Yechiel Zilber, vol 5, pg 121) explains that the Sefer Charedim probably agrees with the Shlah.] | ||
* However, Shaarei Knesset HaGedolah writes that the minhag is look at the moon during the entire Seder and it’s supported by the language of Maasechet Sofrim quoted by the Tur and S”A. Birur Halacha (vol 5, pg 122) writes that if one is looking at the moon in order to recognize Hashem’s wonders then it’s permissible. | * However, Shaarei Knesset HaGedolah writes that the minhag is look at the moon during the entire Seder and it’s supported by the language of Maasechet Sofrim quoted by the Tur and S”A. Birur Halacha (vol 5, pg 122) writes that if one is looking at the moon in order to recognize Hashem’s wonders then it’s permissible. | ||
