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Birchot HaTorah: Difference between revisions
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==Obligation== | ==Obligation== | ||
# One should be very careful | # One should be very careful to say Birchot HaTorah before learning.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch 47:1</ref> The brachot should be said with great [[Simcha]] (happiness) for being fortunate enough to be chosen and be privileged with the Torah. <ref>Mishna Brurah 47:4 </ref> | ||
# Before one learns Torah one must recite the Birchot HaTorah <ref> Ramban in Sefer HaMitzvot of the Rambam adds Birkat HaTorah as a Mitzvah | # Before one learns Torah one must recite the Birchot HaTorah <ref> Ramban in Sefer HaMitzvot of the Rambam adds Birkat HaTorah as a Mitzvah Deoraita based on Gemara Brachot which learns these brachot from the Pasuk ''“Ki Shem Hashem Ekrah Havu Godel LeElokenu"''. See Ramban there and Minchat Chinuch 430:5 who classify these brachot as brachot of praise. Because of the dispute in the Rishonim as to whether these brachot are Deoraita or Derabanan the rule of [[Safek Brachot LeHakel]] still applies. </ref> | ||
==The Text of the Brachot== | ==The Text of the Brachot== | ||
# The first bracha Ashkenazim conclude with the words “LaAsoak BeDivrei Torah” and Sephardim conclude with the words “Al Divrei Torah" <ref> | # The first bracha Ashkenazim conclude with the words “LaAsoak BeDivrei Torah” and Sephardim conclude with the words “Al Divrei Torah" <ref> Shulchan Aruch 47:5 based on Rif (Brachot 5b), Rambam (Tefilah 7:10), Talmedei Rabbenu Yonah (Brachot 5b D”H Maiy Mevarech) and Arizal (Shaar Kavonot Nusach Hatefilah) have the version of Sephardim - Al Divrei Torah. Rosh (Brachot 1:13) and Tur 47 have the version of the Ashkenazim of LaAsoak BeDivrei Torah. </ref> | ||
# The second section begins VeHaRev Nah with a Vav. Some Ashkenazim have the custom to say it without a Vav. <ref> | # The second section begins VeHaRev Nah with a Vav. Some Ashkenazim have the custom to say it without a Vav. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 47:6 based on Tosfot (Brachot 46a s.v. Kol, Ketubot 8a s.v. Shehakol in name of Rabbenu Tam), Rosh (Brachot 1:13), Rabbenu Yonah (5b s.v. Veha), Rashi 11b s.v. VeRabbi Yochanan, and Mordechai 31 hold that Harev Nah of Birchat HaTorah starts with a Vav. This opinion holds that really there are only two brachot of Birkat HaTorah. Rama 47:6 says that the practice is to say it without a Vav but it is better to say it without a Vav to satisfy all opinions. This opinion is sourced in the Rambam (Tefilah 7:10), Rashba (Brachot 11b s.v. VeRabbi Yochanan), Bal HaMor s.v. Maiym, and Avudraham pg 44. This opinion holds that Birkat HaTorah is really three brachot.</ref> | ||
# When saying Birchot HaTorah especially “VeNehiyeh Anachnu VeTzeTzeynu” one should pray for one’s children to be Talmidei Chachamim, Tzaddikim, and Baalei [[Middot]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 47:9, 10 </ref> | # When saying Birchot HaTorah especially “VeNehiyeh Anachnu VeTzeTzeynu” one should pray for one’s children to be Talmidei Chachamim, Tzaddikim, and Baalei [[Middot]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 47:9, 10 </ref> | ||
# The minhag is to say the Pesukim of [[Birkat Cohanim]] and the משניות of Elu Devarim after Birchot HaTorah. If one didn’t learn then, it’s a dispute whether one fulfilled one’s obligation and so one should have intent to fulfill one’s obligation with the Bracha of Ahava Rabba. <Ref>S”A 47:9-10, Mishna Brurah 47:19-20 </ref> | # The minhag is to say the Pesukim of [[Birkat Cohanim]] and the משניות of Elu Devarim after Birchot HaTorah. If one didn’t learn then, it’s a dispute whether one fulfilled one’s obligation and so one should have intent to fulfill one’s obligation with the Bracha of Ahava Rabba. <Ref>S”A 47:9-10, Mishna Brurah 47:19-20 </ref> | ||
