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Birchot HaTorah: Difference between revisions
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# Someone who was in doubt, preferably should hear someone else make the [[Brachot]] (and both the listener and the speaker should have intent to fulfill the obligation), otherwise one should have intent to fulfill the obligation with the Bracha of Ahavah Rabba or Ahavat Olam and learn right after [[Davening]]. If that’s not possible, according to Ashkenazim, one may make the Bracha of the Asher Bacher Banu. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 47:1 </ref> However, according to Sephardim, if one can't hear the bracha from someone else or have intent that one's bracha of Ahavat Olam fulfill one's obligation, one should not say the [[brachot]].<reF>Yalkut Yosef 47:2 writes that since there are some who hold [[brachot hatorah]] are derabbanan if one is in doubt one should not say the bracha based on the klal of [[safek brachot lehakel]].</ref> | # Someone who was in doubt, preferably should hear someone else make the [[Brachot]] (and both the listener and the speaker should have intent to fulfill the obligation), otherwise one should have intent to fulfill the obligation with the Bracha of Ahavah Rabba or Ahavat Olam and learn right after [[Davening]]. If that’s not possible, according to Ashkenazim, one may make the Bracha of the Asher Bacher Banu. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 47:1 </ref> However, according to Sephardim, if one can't hear the bracha from someone else or have intent that one's bracha of Ahavat Olam fulfill one's obligation, one should not say the [[brachot]].<reF>Yalkut Yosef 47:2 writes that since there are some who hold [[brachot hatorah]] are derabbanan if one is in doubt one should not say the bracha based on the klal of [[safek brachot lehakel]].</ref> | ||
# One has to make Birchot HaTorah for any learning including Torah, midrash, Mishna, and Gemara. <ref> [[Brachot]] 11b, S”A 47:2, Yalkut Yosef 47:2 </ref> | # One has to make Birchot HaTorah for any learning including Torah, midrash, Mishna, and Gemara. <ref> [[Brachot]] 11b, S”A 47:2, Yalkut Yosef 47:2 </ref> | ||
# Women are also obligated in making the Birchot HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:14, | # Women are also obligated in making the Birchot HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:14, Magen Avraham 47:17 explains that it’s because women have to learn the Halachot relevant to them. Minchat [[Chinuch]] 430:5 says that women can make these [[Brachot]] because it’s a praise of Hashem for giving us the Torah. The Gra 47:18 argues that women shouldn’t have to make the [[Brachot]] because they’re exempt from Torah learning. However he allows women to make the [[Brachot]] like any other mitzvah from which women are exempt, Ashkenazic custom is to allow them to make a bracha. </ref> | ||
==What type of learning requires Birchot HaTorah?== | ==What type of learning requires Birchot HaTorah?== | ||
# Writing Torah even without reading, if one understands what he’s writing, is considered learning for which you have to make Birchot HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:3 based on Avudraham pg 32. | # Writing Torah even without reading, if one understands what he’s writing, is considered learning for which you have to make Birchot HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:3 based on Avudraham pg 32. Magen Avraham 47:1 adds that one has to understand what he’s writing to be considered learning, but just copying over text isn’t learning. This is also the opinion of Buir Heitev 47:2 </ref> | ||
# According to Ashkenazim, because of a dispute one should not think Torah before making Birchot HaTorah, however it’s permissible to do a Mitzvah even though it’ll cause one to thing about the laws of the Mitzvah. <ref>Mishna Brurah 47:7 because of the Gra who argues on Shulchan Aruch. </ref> However, according to Sephardim thinking words of Torah don't require Birchot HaTorah and so it's permissible to think Torah before Birchat HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:4 based on [[Shabbat]] 151a, Agur 2, and Tosfot 20b s.v. VeRav Chisda. This is also the opinion of Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 81) that it's permissible to think Torah before Birchat HaTorah. </ref> | # According to Ashkenazim, because of a dispute one should not think Torah before making Birchot HaTorah, however it’s permissible to do a Mitzvah even though it’ll cause one to thing about the laws of the Mitzvah. <ref>Mishna Brurah 47:7 because of the Gra who argues on Shulchan Aruch. </ref> However, according to Sephardim thinking words of Torah don't require Birchot HaTorah and so it's permissible to think Torah before Birchat HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:4 based on [[Shabbat]] 151a, Agur 2, and Tosfot 20b s.v. VeRav Chisda. This is also the opinion of Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 81) that it's permissible to think Torah before Birchat HaTorah. </ref> | ||
# Hearing a speech of Divrei Torah from a person or an electronic device requires the [[Brachot]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 47:5 </ref> | # Hearing a speech of Divrei Torah from a person or an electronic device requires the [[Brachot]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 47:5 </ref> | ||
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==How they are to be said== | ==How they are to be said== | ||
# The [[Brachot]] can be said standing or sitting. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 47:15 pg 94 </ref> | # The [[Brachot]] can be said standing or sitting. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 47:15 pg 94 </ref> | ||
# Some say that one can interrupt between the [[Brachot]] and the learning, but it’s correct not to, and so the practice is the say the Parshat [[Birkat Cohanim]] right after the [[Brachot]]. <ref> S”A 47:9. Tosfot [[Brachot]] 11b s.v. Shkevar in name of the Ri, Rabbenu Yonah 5b, and Mordechai 31 hold an interruption isn’t a problem. Rambam (as understood by Bet Yosef) holds one can’t make an interruption. | # Some say that one can interrupt between the [[Brachot]] and the learning, but it’s correct not to, and so the practice is the say the Parshat [[Birkat Cohanim]] right after the [[Brachot]]. <ref> S”A 47:9. Tosfot [[Brachot]] 11b s.v. Shkevar in name of the Ri, Rabbenu Yonah 5b, and Mordechai 31 hold an interruption isn’t a problem. Rambam (as understood by Bet Yosef) holds one can’t make an interruption. Magen Avraham 47:8 says that one can say these pesukim even before daylight unlike the Maharshal who says one doesn’t read pesukim of [[Birkat Cohanim]] at night. </ref> | ||
# It is good to recite one's berachah out loud, to enable others to respond [[Amen]]. However, this is not an obligation. <ref> Sh"t Rivivot Ephraim 1:39:2 </ref> | # It is good to recite one's berachah out loud, to enable others to respond [[Amen]]. However, this is not an obligation. <ref> Sh"t Rivivot Ephraim 1:39:2 </ref> | ||
