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Birchot HaTorah: Difference between revisions

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# Before one learns Torah one must make the following [[Brachot]] <ref> Ramban in Sefer HaMitzvot of the Rambam adds Birkat HaTorah as a Mitzvah Deoritta based on Gemara [[Brachot]] which learns these [[Brachot]] from the Pasuk “Ki Shem Hashem Ekrah Havu Godel LeElokenu”. See Ramban there and Minchat [[Chinuch]] 430:5 who classify these [[Brachot]] as [[Brachot]] of praise. Because of the dispute in the Rishonim whether these [[Brachot]] are Deoritta or Derabanan the rule of [[Safek Brachot LeHakel]] still applies. </ref>:
# Before one learns Torah one must make the following [[Brachot]] <ref> Ramban in Sefer HaMitzvot of the Rambam adds Birkat HaTorah as a Mitzvah Deoritta based on Gemara [[Brachot]] which learns these [[Brachot]] from the Pasuk “Ki Shem Hashem Ekrah Havu Godel LeElokenu”. See Ramban there and Minchat [[Chinuch]] 430:5 who classify these [[Brachot]] as [[Brachot]] of praise. Because of the dispute in the Rishonim whether these [[Brachot]] are Deoritta or Derabanan the rule of [[Safek Brachot LeHakel]] still applies. </ref>:
## Baruch Atta Hashem…Asher Kidishanu BeMitzvotav … Divrei Torah  
## Baruch Atta Hashem…Asher Kidishanu BeMitzvotav … Divrei Torah  
## VeHaRev Nah Hashem Elokenu…Halomed Torah LeAmo Yisrael <ref> S"A 47:6 rules that the Bracha of HaRev Nah begins with the letter Vav to connect it to the last Bracha. The Rama writes that others hold that one should say it without a vav, it's better to say it with a vav. Magen Avraham 47:4 explains that the vav shows that the first and text [[brachot]] are really one long bracha, and the opinion that the Rama quotes who argues that there should be no vav holds that they are considered two separate [[brachot]]. Mishna Brurah 47:11 agrees.</ref>
## VeHaRev Nah Hashem Elokenu…Halomed Torah LeAmo Yisrael <ref> Shulchan Aruch 47:6 rules that the Bracha of HaRev Nah begins with the letter Vav to connect it to the last Bracha. The Rama writes that others hold that one should say it without a vav, it's better to say it with a vav. Magen Avraham 47:4 explains that the vav shows that the first and text [[brachot]] are really one long bracha, and the opinion that the Rama quotes who argues that there should be no vav holds that they are considered two separate [[brachot]]. Mishna Brurah 47:11 agrees.</ref>
## Baruch Atta Hashem…Asher Bachar Banu Mekol HaAmim…Baruch Atta Hashem Noten HaTorah <ref> S”A 47:5 </ref>
## Baruch Atta Hashem…Asher Bachar Banu Mekol HaAmim…Baruch Atta Hashem Noten HaTorah <ref> S”A 47:5 </ref>


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==What type of learning requires Birchot HaTorah?==
==What type of learning requires Birchot HaTorah?==
# Writing Torah even without reading, if one understands what he’s writing, is considered learning for which you have to make Birchot HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:3 based on Avudraham pg 32. Magan Avraham 47:1 adds that one has to understand what he’s writing to be considered learning, but just copying over text isn’t learning. This is also the opinion of Buir Heitev 47:2 </ref>
# Writing Torah even without reading, if one understands what he’s writing, is considered learning for which you have to make Birchot HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:3 based on Avudraham pg 32. Magan Avraham 47:1 adds that one has to understand what he’s writing to be considered learning, but just copying over text isn’t learning. This is also the opinion of Buir Heitev 47:2 </ref>
# According to Ashkenazim, because of a dispute one should not think Torah before making Birchot HaTorah, however it’s permissible to do a Mitzvah even though it’ll cause one to thing about the laws of the Mitzvah. <ref>Mishna Brurah 47:7 because of the Gra who argues on S"A. </ref> However, according to Sephardim thinking words of Torah don't require Birchot HaTorah and so it's permissible to think Torah before Birchat HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:4 based on [[Shabbat]] 151a, Agur 2, and Tosfot 20b s.v. VeRav Chisda. This is also the opinion of Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 81) that it's permissible to think Torah before Birchat HaTorah. </ref>
# According to Ashkenazim, because of a dispute one should not think Torah before making Birchot HaTorah, however it’s permissible to do a Mitzvah even though it’ll cause one to thing about the laws of the Mitzvah. <ref>Mishna Brurah 47:7 because of the Gra who argues on Shulchan Aruch. </ref> However, according to Sephardim thinking words of Torah don't require Birchot HaTorah and so it's permissible to think Torah before Birchat HaTorah. <ref> S”A 47:4 based on [[Shabbat]] 151a, Agur 2, and Tosfot 20b s.v. VeRav Chisda. This is also the opinion of Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 81) that it's permissible to think Torah before Birchat HaTorah. </ref>
# Hearing a speech of Divrei Torah from a person or an electronic device requires the [[Brachot]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 47:5 </ref>
# Hearing a speech of Divrei Torah from a person or an electronic device requires the [[Brachot]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 47:5 </ref>
# Looking into a Sefer Kodesh and only reading with one’s eyes, even without saying the words, requires [[Brachot]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 47:6 </ref>
# Looking into a Sefer Kodesh and only reading with one’s eyes, even without saying the words, requires [[Brachot]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef 47:6 </ref>
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# When saying Birchot HaTorah especially “VeNehiyeh Anachnu VeTzeTzeynu” one should pray for one’s children to be Talmidei Chachamim, Tzaddikim, and Baalei [[Middot]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 47:9, 10 </ref>
# When saying Birchot HaTorah especially “VeNehiyeh Anachnu VeTzeTzeynu” one should pray for one’s children to be Talmidei Chachamim, Tzaddikim, and Baalei [[Middot]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 47:9, 10 </ref>
# The minhag is to say the Pesukim of [[Birkat Cohanim]] and the משניות of Elu Devarim after Birchot HaTorah. If one didn’t learn then, it’s a dispute whether one fulfilled one’s obligation and so one should have intent to fulfill one’s obligation with the Bracha of Ahava Rabba. <Ref>S”A 47:9-10, Mishna Brurah 47:19-20 </ref>
# The minhag is to say the Pesukim of [[Birkat Cohanim]] and the משניות of Elu Devarim after Birchot HaTorah. If one didn’t learn then, it’s a dispute whether one fulfilled one’s obligation and so one should have intent to fulfill one’s obligation with the Bracha of Ahava Rabba. <Ref>S”A 47:9-10, Mishna Brurah 47:19-20 </ref>
# There is a dispute whether the first bracha of Birchot HaTorah includes Haarev Nah or not. In light of this, there's a dispute whether one should answer [[Amen]] if one hears someone finish the bracha of LaAsok BeDivrei Torah, for Ashkenazim, or Al Divrei Torah, for Sephardim. Therefore, some advise saying this bracha quietly so that the listener won't be in doubt whether to answer [[Amen]] or not. <ref>Kitzur S"A 7:1</ref>
# There is a dispute whether the first bracha of Birchot HaTorah includes Haarev Nah or not. In light of this, there's a dispute whether one should answer [[Amen]] if one hears someone finish the bracha of LaAsok BeDivrei Torah, for Ashkenazim, or Al Divrei Torah, for Sephardim. Therefore, some advise saying this bracha quietly so that the listener won't be in doubt whether to answer [[Amen]] or not. <ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 7:1</ref>
[[Image:Text_of_Birchot_HaTorah.png|650px]]
[[Image:Text_of_Birchot_HaTorah.png|650px]]


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