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Bal Tosif: Difference between revisions
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→Repeating a Mitzvah
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## For example, sprinkling a korban's blood more times than necessary can be a violation of Bal Tosif.<ref>Zevachim 80a, Eruvin 100a, [[Rosh Hashana]] 28b</ref> | ## For example, sprinkling a korban's blood more times than necessary can be a violation of Bal Tosif.<ref>Zevachim 80a, Eruvin 100a, [[Rosh Hashana]] 28b</ref> | ||
===Repeating a Mitzvah=== | ===Repeating a Mitzvah=== | ||
# Some say that there's no prohibition of Baal Tosif to repeat a mitzvah several times.<ref>Tosfot Rosh Hashana 16b s.v. vtokin writes this idea that there's no baal tosif when repeating a mitzvah in reference to blowing extra shofar blowings on Rosh Hashana or picking up the Lulav several times in a day. Tosfot Rosh Hashana 28b | # Some say that there's no prohibition of Baal Tosif to repeat a mitzvah several times.<ref>Tosfot Rosh Hashana 16b s.v. vtokin writes this idea that there's no baal tosif when repeating a mitzvah in reference to blowing extra shofar blowings on Rosh Hashana or picking up the Lulav several times in a day. Tosfot Rosh Hashana 28b, Tosfot Harosh Rosh Hashana 28b, Ritva (Rosh Hashana 16b s.v. vchi), Meiri (Rosh Hashana 16a s.v. vchen), Ran (Rosh Hashana 16a s.v. lama), Smag 42, and Sefer Hachinuch 454 agree.</ref> Some disagree.<ref>Rashba Rosh Hashana 16a s.v. lama, Turei Even Rosh Hashana 16b. Rashba argues that repeating a mitzvah is baal tosif, however, that is only if he's doing so based on his own decision. However, when he is repeating a mitzvah to follow a rabbinic injunction then there is no baal tosif.</ref> The halacha follows the first opinion.<ref>Bet Yosef 585:3, Olot Tamid 128:61, Magen Avraham 128:40, Shulchan Aruch Harav 128:40, Chayey Adam 68:23, Mishna Brurah 128:104. Minchat Chinuch 454 also writes that even Rashba agrees with Tosfot's approach and just offers another answer. See, however, Divrei Yatziv 57 who proves from Rashba Brachot 21a that this isn't the case.</ref> | ||
## Some say that saying Shema at night before its time with intent to fulfill the mitzvah is Baal Tosif while others argue that there can't be Baal Tosif to say Shema since it is learning Torah.<ref>Igrot Moshe 2:60 s.v. umah writes the Mishna Brurah implies that there's Baal Tosif if one says Shema too early with intent to fulfill the mitzvah therefore one should have intent not to fulfill the mitzvah. Rav Moshe argues that Shema is essentially a piece of Torah and there's prohibition to relearn Torah multiple times. See Chavot Daat Bet Hasafek Safek Safeka n. 20 who writes that saying Shema twice even within the obligated time is prohibited.</ref> | ## Some say that saying Shema at night before its time with intent to fulfill the mitzvah is Baal Tosif, while others argue that there can't be Baal Tosif to say Shema since it is learning Torah.<ref>Igrot Moshe 2:60 s.v. umah writes the Mishna Brurah implies that there's Baal Tosif if one says Shema too early with intent to fulfill the mitzvah, therefore one should have intent not to fulfill the mitzvah. Rav Moshe argues that Shema is essentially a piece of Torah and there's prohibition to relearn Torah multiple times. Divrei Yatziv 57:10 agrees with Rav Moshe. (Beit Yosef 48:1 s.v. vein could be a proof to Rav Moshe as he writes that saying parshat tamid twice isn't baal tosif.) See, however, Chavot Daat (Bet Hasafek Safek Safeka n. 20) who writes that saying Shema twice even within the obligated time is prohibited.</ref> | ||
## The Sephardic minhag to say Sefirat Haomer in the morning besides the night is an example of this.<ref> Yalkut Yosef 489:25. See however, Teshuvot Vehanhagot 2:247 who says it is Baal Tosif.</ref> | ## The Sephardic minhag to say Sefirat Haomer in the morning besides the night is an example of this.<ref> Yalkut Yosef 489:25. See however, Teshuvot Vehanhagot 2:247 who says it is Baal Tosif.</ref> | ||
## Saying Kedusha multiple times a day isn't Baal Tosif. If someone comes to shul and hears them reciting Kedusha he should answer with them even though he already said Kedusha himself. See footnote for suggestions of reasons why this is permitted, but it seems that it isn't because of the above principle. <ref>Rashba Teshuva 1:249, Rama O.C. 125:2. Rashba doesn't explain why this isn't baal tosif. Presumably according to Rashba the reason this isn't baal tosif is because of repeating a mitzvah because he holds that repeating a mitzvah could be baal tosif. However, this could be permitted because a person answering kedusha with the congregation isn't repeating a mitzvah based on his own decision; he's doing so because of the enactment of chazal to say kedusha. Therefore, there is no baal tosif. Perhaps it is comparable to the question of repeating Shemona Esrei as an obligation. The Rif Brachot 21a writes that doing so is baal tosif. Rav Soloveitchik (Reshimot Shiurim Sukkah p. 139) writes that this is true even for Tosfot who holds repeating a mitzvah isn't baal tosif. He explains that picking up the lulav a second time is truly a repetition of the same mitzvah, but davening a new Shemona Esrei is a new mitzvah and not a repetition. See Maharam Shik 91 who gives another answer to this question. Alternatively, Emek Bracha p. 12 answers Raavad's question on Rif why neilah isn't baal tosif. He answers that Shemona Esrei is baal tosif since it parallels korbanot but neilah isn't parallel to korbanot so there's no baal tosif. Neilah is purely increasing requests to Hashem which isn't baal tosif.</ref> | ## Saying Kedusha multiple times a day isn't Baal Tosif. If someone comes to shul and hears them reciting Kedusha he should answer with them even though he already said Kedusha himself. See footnote for suggestions of reasons why this is permitted, but it seems that it isn't because of the above principle. <ref>Rashba Teshuva 1:249, Rama O.C. 125:2. Rashba doesn't explain why this isn't baal tosif. Presumably according to Rashba the reason this isn't baal tosif is because of repeating a mitzvah because he holds that repeating a mitzvah could be baal tosif. However, this could be permitted because a person answering kedusha with the congregation isn't repeating a mitzvah based on his own decision; he's doing so because of the enactment of chazal to say kedusha. Therefore, there is no baal tosif. Perhaps it is comparable to the question of repeating Shemona Esrei as an obligation. The Rif Brachot 21a writes that doing so is baal tosif. Rav Soloveitchik (Reshimot Shiurim Sukkah p. 139) writes that this is true even for Tosfot who holds repeating a mitzvah isn't baal tosif. He explains that picking up the lulav a second time is truly a repetition of the same mitzvah, but davening a new Shemona Esrei is a new mitzvah and not a repetition. See Maharam Shik 91 who gives another answer to this question. Alternatively, Emek Bracha p. 12 answers Raavad's question on Rif why neilah isn't baal tosif. He answers that Shemona Esrei is baal tosif since it parallels korbanot but neilah isn't parallel to korbanot so there's no baal tosif. Neilah is purely increasing requests to Hashem which isn't baal tosif.</ref> | ||
