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Animals on Shabbat: Difference between revisions
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# It is forbidden to kill insects intentionally on [[Shabbat]] even if they rest on ones skin and may bite as long as there is no real danger. One may gently remove such insects, but may not place them in a sink or water fountain where they may drown. <ref> Menuchat Ahavah 3:18:3. <ref> Although [[trapping]] insects is normally forbidden, stinging insects that can inflict substantial pain may be trapped by covering them with an empty cup. Also, if a mosquito is near a small child who may suffer a reaction from a bite it would be permitted. <ref> The 39 Melachot pg.872 </ref> | # It is forbidden to kill insects intentionally on [[Shabbat]] even if they rest on ones skin and may bite as long as there is no real danger. One may gently remove such insects, but may not place them in a sink or water fountain where they may drown. <ref> Menuchat Ahavah 3:18:3. <ref> Although [[trapping]] insects is normally forbidden, stinging insects that can inflict substantial pain may be trapped by covering them with an empty cup. Also, if a mosquito is near a small child who may suffer a reaction from a bite it would be permitted. <ref> The 39 Melachot pg.872 </ref> | ||
==Moving an Animal== | ==Moving an Animal== | ||
# Moving an animal is forbidden because of [[Muktzah]]. <ref> S"A 308:39, S"A Harav 308:78, the Gemara in [[Shabbos]] 128b states that animals are [[muktzeh]]. [[Maggid]] Mishneh on Rambam Hilchot [[Shabbat]] 25:25 says that since they have no use they are in the category of [[muktzeh]] machmat gufo. This is the explanation of the Beit Yosef OC 308: "kofin", and Mishna Brurah 308:146. Iggros Moshe OC 4:16 (see however Iggerot Moshe 5:22:21), R' Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shmiras [[Shabbos]] K'hilchasa 27 - see footnote 96), and R' Ovadia Yosef (Yabiah Omer 5:26) concur. Mishna Brurah 308:146 adds that this would be true even if not moving the animal would cause financial loss. </ref> Some poskim permit moving an animal that can be used to quiet a child such as a domesticated pet. <ref>Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 383, Daat Torah 308:39, Kaf Hachaim 308:235, S"A Harav 308:78 are stringent even in this case. Tosafot [[Shabbat]] 45b "hacha", Mordechai [[Shabbat]] 316 and Hagahot Ashri on Rosh, [[Shabbat]] 3:21 all cite those who are lenient for this, but themselves are stringent. Rosh quoted in Maharach Or Zarua 82 is also stringent. | # Moving an animal is forbidden because of [[Muktzah]]. <ref> S"A 308:39, S"A Harav 308:78, the Gemara in [[Shabbos]] 128b states that animals are [[muktzeh]]. [[Maggid]] Mishneh on Rambam Hilchot [[Shabbat]] 25:25 says that since they have no use they are in the category of [[muktzeh]] machmat gufo. This is the explanation of the Beit Yosef OC 308: "kofin", and Mishna Brurah 308:146. Iggros Moshe OC 4:16 (see however Iggerot Moshe 5:22:21), R' Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shmiras [[Shabbos]] K'hilchasa 27 - see footnote 96), and R' Ovadia Yosef (Yabiah Omer 5:26) concur. Mishna Brurah 308:146 adds that this would be true even if not moving the animal would cause financial loss. </ref> Some poskim permit moving an animal that can be used to quiet a child such as a domesticated pet. <ref>Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 383, Orchot [[Shabbat]] 19:124, Daat Torah 308:39, Kaf Hachaim 308:235, S"A Harav 308:78 are stringent even in this case. Tosafot [[Shabbat]] 45b "hacha", Mordechai [[Shabbat]] 316 and Hagahot Ashri on Rosh, [[Shabbat]] 3:21 all cite those who are lenient for this, but themselves are stringent. Rosh quoted in Maharach Or Zarua 82 is also stringent. | ||
<br /> However, Sh"t Halachot Ketanot 45 is lenient and Sh"t Merosh Tzurim 38:6 quotes that Rav Mordechai Eliyahu was lenient as well as the opinion of Rav Aharon Lichtenstein that one shouldn't admonish those who are lenient though proper conduct would be to be stringent. Shulchan Shlomo vol. 2, 308 is also lenient . see also Iggerot Moshe 5:22:21</ref> Touching however, is permitted as with all other [[muktzeh]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 383 </ref> | <br /> However, Sh"t Halachot Ketanot 45 is lenient and Sh"t Merosh Tzurim 38:6 quotes that Rav Mordechai Eliyahu was lenient as well as the opinion of Rav Aharon Lichtenstein that one shouldn't admonish those who are lenient though proper conduct would be to be stringent. Shulchan Shlomo vol. 2, 308:74 is also lenient . see also Iggerot Moshe 5:22:21</ref> Touching however, is permitted as with all other [[muktzeh]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 383 </ref> | ||
# According to some poskim, if the animal is in a cage or tank, then the whole cage or tank becomes [[muktzeh]] as a base for the [[muktzeh]] animals themselves. <ref> [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipDate=6/24/2008 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref> Others disagree. <ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] kihilchatah 18:footnote 62, 27:footnote 96 </ref> | # According to some poskim, if the animal is in a cage or tank, then the whole cage or tank becomes [[muktzeh]] as a base for the [[muktzeh]] animals themselves. <ref> [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipDate=6/24/2008 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref> Others disagree. <ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] kihilchatah 18:footnote 62, 27:footnote 96 </ref> | ||
# A blind person who uses a dog to help him walk my do so on [[Shabbat]] even with a leash because he doesn't carry the dog. <ref> Yalkut Yosef vol. 2 pg. 384 </ref> | # A blind person who uses a dog to help him walk my do so on [[Shabbat]] even with a leash because he doesn't carry the dog. <ref> Yalkut Yosef vol. 2 pg. 384 </ref> | ||
# Someone who has a dog as a pet and needs to walk it daily, may do so on [[Shabbat]], but he shouldn't lift it. If one is going in a reshut harabim one must be careful that he doesn't let the leash hang by more than a [[tefach]] from his hand. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 305:16, Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 385. Shulchan Aruch 305:16 adds that one should make sure to hold it so that the leash doesn't hang within a [[tefach]] of the ground </ref> One should avoid walking an animal beyond the eruv with anything that does not benefit the animal itself. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 305:1 </ref> There is a dispute if this applies to a tag. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 305:17, Aruch Hashulchan 305:5 rules stringently even though nowadays a tag shows that the animal has an owner and should not be put to death because of the fear of rabies. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach cited in Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata 27, footnote 33 disagrees since these tags are worn for the benefit of the dog. </ref> | # Someone who has a dog as a pet and needs to walk it daily, may do so on [[Shabbat]], but he shouldn't lift it. If one is going in a reshut harabim one must be careful that he doesn't let the leash hang by more than a [[tefach]] from his hand. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 305:16, Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 385. Shulchan Aruch 305:16 adds that one should make sure to hold it so that the leash doesn't hang within a [[tefach]] of the ground </ref> One should avoid walking an animal beyond the eruv with anything that does not benefit the animal itself. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 305:1 </ref> There is a dispute if this applies to a tag. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 305:17, Aruch Hashulchan 305:5 rules stringently even though nowadays a tag shows that the animal has an owner and should not be put to death because of the fear of rabies. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach cited in Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata 27, footnote 33 disagrees since these tags are worn for the benefit of the dog. </ref> | ||
# One is permitted to move a pet to alleviate its suffering. <ref> Sh"t Yabea Omer 5:26, Chazon Ish 52:16. Although Magen Avraham 305:11 says that the laws of [[muktzeh]] aren't waived for tzaar baalei chayim, Eliya Rabba 305:18 disagrees. S"A Harav 305:26 says that one can be lenient if it will cause great loss. Mishna Brurah 305:70 quotes both opinions and concludes that one can surely make use of a non-Jew to move it in such a situation. see also Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchita 27:28 + 30 and footnote 98 </ref> | # One is permitted to move a pet to alleviate its suffering. <ref> Sh"t Yabea Omer 5:26, Chazon Ish 52:16. Although Magen Avraham 305:11 says that the laws of [[muktzeh]] aren't waived for tzaar baalei chayim, Eliya Rabba 305:18 disagrees. S"A Harav 305:26 says that one can be lenient if it will cause great loss. Mishna Brurah 305:70 quotes both opinions and concludes that one can surely make use of a non-Jew to move it in such a situation. see also Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchita 27:28 + 30 and footnote 98 </ref> | ||
# It is forbidden to place something on an animal or remove it from an animal on [[Shabbat]], nor may one lean on an animal on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> 39 Melachot (vol 3, pg 301) based on S"A 305:8, 18 </ref> | |||
==Trapping Animals on Shabbat== | ==Trapping Animals on Shabbat== | ||
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==Riding an Animal== | ==Riding an Animal== | ||
# It's forbidden to ride an animal on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> The Mishna in Betzah 36b writes that the Rabbinical Gezerot of [[Shabbat]] also apply to [[Yom Tov]] and includes on the list the prohibition of riding an animal on [[Shabbat]]. The Gemara explains that the logic of the Gezerah is that the Rabbis were concerned that a person riding an animal might come to pull a branch off a tree to use as a whip. | # It's forbidden to ride an animal on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> The Mishna in Betzah 36b writes that the Rabbinical Gezerot of [[Shabbat]] also apply to [[Yom Tov]] and includes on the list the prohibition of riding an animal on [[Shabbat]]. The Gemara explains that the logic of the Gezerah is that the Rabbis were concerned that a person riding an animal might come to pull a branch off a tree to use as a whip. Beit Yosef 305:18 quotes the Rosh in name of the Yerushalmi that says that riding an animal on [[Shabbat]] is forbidden because of [[Shevitat Behemto]]. Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 page 108 codifies this as halacha </ref> | ||
# One who mistakenly got onto an animal must come down because of [[Tzaar Baalei Chayim]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 108 </ref> | # One who mistakenly got onto an animal must come down because of [[Tzaar Baalei Chayim]]. <ref> Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 108 </ref> | ||
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==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<References/> | <References/> | ||
[[Category:Shabbat]] | |||
