Badekin

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  1. The Ashkenazic custom is to have a bedekin before the chupah because according to some it is considered the marriage.[1] Sephardim don’t have this minhag.[2]
  2. When the Chatan does the bedekin the rabbi and parents bless the kallah "אחותנו את היי לאלפי רבבה."[3] Some say:

    אֲחֹתֵנוּ אַתְּ הֲיִי לְאַלְפֵי רְבָבָה ישמך אלקים כשרה רבקה רחל ולאה יְבָרֶכְךָ ה' וְיִשְׁמְרֶךָ. יָאֵר ה' פָּנָיו אֵלֶיךָ וִיחֻנֶּךָּ. יִשָּׂא ה' פָּנָיו אֵלֶיךָ וְיָשֵׂם לְךָ שָׁלוֹם.[4]

  3. At a second marriage the bedekin is not done by the chatan but by someone else.[5]

Sources

  1. The Darkei Moshe 66:1 quotes Tosfot Yoma 13b s.v. lechada as holding that a betulah is married when she goes out with her hair covered. Similarly, the Rama 55:1 writes that some say that when the chatan covers his and his kallah’s head during the sheva brachot it is considered the chupah. Nitai Gavriel (Nesiun 13:3) writes that the Ashkenazic minhag nowadays is to do the bedekin before the chupa. see The Veiling Ceremony: Bedeken on Chabad.org for more
  2. Yalkut Yosef (Sovah Semachot 6:2)
  3. Shevach Hanesuin p. 37
  4. RCA Madrich p. 86
  5. Seder Kiddushin Vnesuin p. 48