Erev Pesach That Falls out on Shabbat

From Halachipedia

Shabbat Hagadol Drasha

  1. If Shabbat HaGadol falls out on Erev Pesach, the Drasha should take place a week earlier.[1]

Tanit Bechorot

  1. If Erev Pesach falls out on Shabbat, some say that one is not obligated to fast, while others say that one should fast on Thursday. The minhag follows the latter opinion.[2] The minhag is to do a Siyum on Thursday and exempt oneself from the fast,[3] even those who fast Tanit Bechorot regular years.[4] Some say it’s preferable to make a Siyum on Friday in addition to the one on Thursday.[5]

Bedikat Chametz

  1. When Erev Pesach falls out on Shabbat, bedikat chametz is done Thursday night[6] with a candle and bracha.[7]

Biur Chametz

  1. A person should destroy all of his chametz besides food for two meals before Shabbat.[8] There is nothing wrong with eating more chametz sides those two meals as long as it is before the fifth hour on Shabbat.[9] The chametz set aside for Shabbat should be stored in a safe place so that it isn't dispersed.[10]
  2. It is proper to burn the chametz that one is not leaving over before the sixth hour on Friday morning, otherwise if it is done later in the day next year someone might get confused.[11]

Bitul Chametz

  1. The first bitul is made after bedikat chametz on all chametz that one does not know about.[12]
  2. The final bitul is made on Shabbat itself before the sixth halachic hour and it is unnecessary to make one on Friday while burning the chametz.[13]

Friday Night and Shabbat Morning Meals

  1. One should leave over just enough chametz for two meals. If someone is very worried about not being able to get rid of the extra chametz they can get rid of all of their chametz before Shabbat and use matzah ashira (egg matzah) for the hamotzei of Friday night and Shabbat lunch. One should still be careful to eat it before the beginning of the fifth halachic hour.[14] Some say that one shouldn't egg matzah's for the meals on Shabbat.[15]
  2. For lechem mishneh, besides the challah that one is going to eat, it is possible to use matzah stored safely inside a plastic bag for the lechem mishna which one should not eat.[16]
  3. If someone wants to eat the chametz outside and have the rest of the meal inside, see Shulchan Aruch 178

Seuda Shelishit

  1. In order to start finish chametz by the proper time,[17] it is recommended to start davening early and some even suggest skipping the piytum for Shabbat Hagadol or saying them in advance on the previous Shabbat.[18]
  2. Some recommend starting davening earlier, and then having two meals with bread before the fifth halachic hour.[19] In order to do this and not have a concern of making unnecessary brachot, bracha sheino tzaricha, one should break up the meals with a little walk out of the house and a short break of 15 to 30 minutes.[20]
  3. Generally the minhag is to have seuda shelishit with cooked matza, such as matza balls, meat, or fish.[21] Sephardim have the minhag to have seuda shelishit with cooked matza or matza ashira.[22] A person should not eat baked matzah meal cakes for seuda shelishit.[23]

Shabbat Menu Restrictions

  1. A person should not make hot chametz, such as chullent, for Shabbat Erev Pesach because in doing so the leftovers on the pot will be chametz and one can't clean them on Shabbat since it isn't necessary for Shabbat.[24] After the fact, if one made a hot chametz food in a pot, that pot can be cleaned to remove the chametz on Shabbat morning. When cleaning that pot, one should do the minimum possible; if the chametz can be removed by being wiped that should be done, if it needs to be cleaned with water that measure should be taken.[25]
  2. It is preferable to make all of one's food in kosher for pesach or new pots.[26] If one does, one should be careful not to pour the hot kosher for pesach food from the pots into chametz bowls or plates.[27] To avoid this it is possible to pour the hot pesach food into a kosher lpesach kli sheni and then from there into the chametz bowls or plates.[28]

Preparing for the Seder

Getting Rid of Chametz

  1. After the morning chametz meal(s) one should gently wipe off the plates with one's hand and put them away with the other chametz dishes.[29]

Giving to a Non-Jew

  1. If someone has extra chametz on pesach one should give it to a non-Jew. It isn't a concern if they carry it into the street since one didn't instruct the non-Jew to do so. Even if it is a lot of chametz and it is obvious that the non-Jew is going to carry it into the street, according to those who hold that our streets are only a karmelit, and certainly if there is an eruv, one doesn't have to be concerned.[30]
  2. If someone forgot to sell chametz before Shabbat, there is a dispute if they're allowed to sell it on Shabbat. Instead they should give it as a gift to a non-Jew who they know and will likely give it back to them after pesach. In order to perform this transaction he should either give the non-Jew the chametz to pick up or drag it. If it is too much to pick up or drag, it is possible to legally transfer ownership to the non-Jew by giving him the key to access the room where the chametz is located.[31]

Selling Chametz

  1. Some poskim are concerned with making an acquisition effective on Shabbat and therefore specify that the sell must be arranged earlier such that it is effective a short period of time before Shabbat. However, one should include all the chametz one has before Shabbat and even the chametz that you plan to eat on Shabbat.[32] Others argue that there is what to rely upon to arrange the acquisition on Friday so that it is effective on Shabbat and it'll help someone who doesn't get rid of his leftover chametz after the meal on Shabbat.[33]

Throwing in the Garbage

  1. Any leftover chametz on Shabbat may not just be thrown in one's private garbage because it is still in one's property. If one could throw it in a public garbage dump that is permissible since it is considered ownerless.[34]

Giving to a Dog

  1. It is permitted to feed the extra chametz one has to a dog before the sixth halachic hour.[35]

Flushing down the Toilet

  1. A good solution of how to get rid of one's extra chametz on Shabbat is to flush it down the toilet.[36]

After the Fifth Hour

  1. One should get of one's chametz before the end of the fifth halachic hour. If one failed to do so, the chametz is now muktzeh for a Jew, but one should ask a non-Jew to get rid of it by flushing it down the toilet.[37]

Links

Sources

  1. ↑ Mishna Brurah 430:2, Chazon Ovadia page 32, Yalkut Yosef 444:1
  2. ↑ Shulchan Aruch and Rama O.C. 470:2
  3. ↑ Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:69 writes that it’s sufficient to make a Siyum on Thursday and Piskei Teshuvot 470:4 writes that such is the minhag. Rabbi Dovid Heber agrees. Sh"t Yechave Daat 1:91, Chazon Ovadyah Pesach pg 100, and Or Letzion 3:12(2) write that even though the strict law is that the firstborns are exempt it's preferable that they join in a Siyum. See Birkei Yosef 470:2 who quotes the Meiri who says that if Erev Pesach is on Shabbat, one should fast Tanit Bechorot on Friday.
  4. ↑ Sh”t Elef Lecha Shlomo 1:386
  5. ↑ Sh”t Teshuvot Vehanhagot 2:111, Sh”t Mishneh Halachot 7:65, Orchot Rabbenu (vol 2 pg 57), Rav Hershel Schachter ("Inyanei Erev Pesach She'chal BeShabbat", min 71-72). Rav Hershel Schachter (YIW Packet) thought that it was only a stringency and according to the halacha is sufficient to listen to a siyum on Thursday.
  6. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 444:1, Mishna Brurah 444:1, Yalkut Yosef 444:2
  7. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:1-2. There is a discussion why bedikat chametz can't take place on Shabbat. The Bet Yosef suggests that the reason is that you can't carry a candle on Shabbat for a mitzvah of bedikat chametz.
  8. ↑ Gemara Pesachim 13a, Shulchan Aruch O.C. 444:1
  9. ↑ Rav Hershel Schachter ("Inyanei Erev Pesach She'chal BeShabbat", min 74-5)
  10. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:3, Yalkut Yosef 444:2
  11. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 444:2
  12. ↑ Yalkut Yosef 444:2
  13. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 444:6, Mishna Brurah 444:22
  14. ↑ Igrot Moshe 1:155
  15. ↑ Rav Schachter (min 50-57) quotes Rav Soloveitchik that we're concerned about the Rambam's opinion that egg matzah is considered like matzah to fulfill your mitzvah and so it is forbidden to eat it on Erev Pesach.
  16. ↑ Dirshu 444:8 citing Igrot Chazon Ish 1:188, Orchot Rabbenu Pesach p. 11, Chut Shani Shabbat v. 4 p. 369
  17. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:4
  18. ↑ Dirshu 444:7 quotes the Pri Magadim MZ 430:1 who says that the yotzrot are said as usual even on Erev Pesach that falls out on Shabbat, Rav Chaim Zonenfeld (Seder Erev Pesach Shchal Bshabbat n. 5) held that they should be skipped, and the Maharil Erev Pesach n. 10 would say them a week in advance.
  19. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:8 based on the Gra
  20. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:8 writes that one should make a short break. In the context of breaking up lunch and seuda shelishit on a regular Shabbat, Mishna Brurah 291:5 writes that one should walk around in between. Dirshu 444:14 quotes the Darkei Chayim Vshalom p. 401 as holding that a 15 minute is sufficient, while the Chazon Ish (Igrot Chazon Ish 1:188) would wait 30 minutes. Rav Willig (min 9-10) also did like that.
  21. ↑ Rama 444:1, Mishna Brurah 444:8
  22. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 444:1
  23. ↑ Rama 471:2, Mishna Brurah 471:20, Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 8:117, Piskei Teshuvot 471:3. See Halichot Shlomo 8:4 who writes that it’s permissible if in the kneading the dough lost its form as bread.
  24. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 444:3
  25. ↑ Rama O.C. 444:3, Mishna Brurah 444:13
  26. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:14
  27. ↑ Shaar Hatziyun 444:4
  28. ↑ Rav Hershel Schachter ("Inyanei Erev Pesach She'chal BeShabbat", min 73-75) explains that really a stream acting as a connection (transl. nisok chabur; Heb. נצוק חיבור) is a chumra because it only applies to tumah and not transfer of taste. Even though we're strict but a stream from a kli sheni it is permitted. Additionally, there is only a minute amount of taste transferred so it should be nullified before the fifth hour on Erev Pesach.
  29. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 444:4
  30. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:18-20
  31. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:20
  32. ↑ Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach in Halichot Shlomo 8:8
  33. ↑ Rav Elyashiv (Dirshu 444:27 quoting Haggadah Shel Pesach of Rav Elyashiv p. 20). Rav Hershel Schachter ("Inyanei Erev Pesach She'chal Bshabbat", min 8-12) agrees and explains that most poskim disagree with Rabbi Akiva Eiger and it is permitted to have a acquisition effective on Shabbat. However, a sale that doesn't specify which chametz is included is an issue with bereirah.
  34. ↑ Halichot Shlomo 8:17, Dirshu 444:31 citing Rav Elyashiv (Mevakshei Torah v. 6 p. 230)
  35. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:21
  36. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:21
  37. ↑ Mishna Brurah 444:21
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