Nedarim on Shabbat

From Halachipedia
  1. One may annul a Neder (Hatarat Nedarim) on Shabbat, if it's preventing him from performing something he'd like to do on Shabbat, regardless of whether or not he had time to annul it before Shabbat. Such actions include drinking or eating in general, drinking wine and eating meat and bread in particular, and sleeping on Shabbat. Even to allow oneself to wear his Shabbat finest is permissible.[1] However, if the item is not necessary for Shabbat, one may not annul the Neder. At the same time, a husband or father[2] may revoke his wife Nedarim (Hafarat Nedarim) without restriction, because he only has until sunset of the day he hears of them.[3]
  2. Even a Neder LeTzorech Mitzvah, unrelated to Shabbat, may be annulled on Shabbat.[4]
  3. If revoking the Neder (Hafara), the husband should not use the standard language of "Muffar Lichi," but, rather, should nullify the Neder in his heart and tell his wife to partake in what she had prohibited herself from doing.[5] Also, if annulling it, one should only say Muttar Lach three times and not the standard long Nusach when annulling a Neder on Shabbat.[6]
  4. Bediavad, if one annulled a Neder on Shabbat unjustifiably, the Hatarah is valid.[7]
  5. It's best, of course, to be proactive and annul any obstructive Nedarim to Shabbat.[8]
  6. If the father and/or husband hears the Neder during Bein HaShemashot on Monday, he/they may not revoke it at a later point of Bein HaShemashot on Tuesday, as it's a different day. Although, if the Neder was heard during the day, revoking it during Bein HaShemashot would result in a Safek Hafara. From then on, if she violates the Neder, she will not be punishible by Malkot.[9]
  7. If a Taarovet of Challah and other foods is dicovered on Shabbat, one should annul the Hafrashah, even if it's Min beShe'eino Mino with Shishim, because a Neder is a Davar SheYesh Lo Mattirim.[10]

Extensions

  1. The Rashba advises one who took an vow (Shevua) to do a certain action by a certain day, which turns out to be Shabbat, and the action is not permitted on Shabbat, to use whatever Petachim are available to annul the vow. He argues it's better to violate the Issur Shevut of Hatarat Nedarim than the Issur DeOraita of violating a Shevua.[11]
  2. The Minhag has developed to annul on Shabbat any community Cherem placed on an individual, according to the Rashba, since that is the only time the community will gather together.[12]
  1. ↑ Magen Avraham 341:1, Pri Megadim Eshel Avraham ad loc, Kaf HaChaim 341:5
  2. ↑ Pri Megadim Eshel Avraham 341:1, Kaf HaChaim 341:8
  3. ↑ Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 341:1
  4. ↑ See Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 341:1 who attempts to identity the exact Issur DeRabbanan at hand from two different statements of the Levush: either just a matter of why do it today when you can do it tomorrow or Mimtzo Cheftzecha. Practically, a Neder against a Mitzvah unrelated to Shabbat would be permissible if it was the latter. He concludes stringently, but the Mishnah Berurah 341:1 and Kaf HaChaim 341:3 cite the Chayei Adam who is lenient regardless of reasoning. Similarly, the Rama (Orach Chaim 419:1) recommends reciting Kol Nidrei before Yom Kippur begins, as the Mishnah Berurah (419:5) elucidate, because it's similar to Hatarat Nedarim. See Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim p. 263) and Dirshu 341 fn. 2.
  5. ↑ Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 234:24, Kaf HaChaim 341:8
  6. ↑ Kaf HaChaim 341:2
  7. ↑ Shuchan Aruch Orach Chaim 339:4, Kaf HaChaim 341:4
  8. ↑ Kaf HaChaim 341:7
  9. ↑ Pri Megadim Eshel Avraham 341:1
  10. ↑ Shaarei Teshuvah 341:1, Kaf HaChaim 341:6
  11. ↑ Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 341:2
  12. ↑ Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 341:2. See Maamar Mordechai ad loc. regarding the subjectivity or lack thereof of this Halacha.
Retrieved from "http://localhost:80/index.php?title=Nedarim_on_Shabbat&oldid=20821"