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When Is the Earliest and Latest Time to Pray?: Difference between revisions
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When Is the Earliest and Latest Time to Pray? (view source)
Revision as of 16:51, 5 July 2024
, 5 July→Korbanot
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==Earliest Times for Shacharit== | ==Earliest Times for Shacharit== | ||
=== Korbanot === | === Korbanot === | ||
#One should | #One should recite [[Korbanot|''korbanot'']] during the day, meaning after [[Olot HaShachar|''alot ha'shachar'']].<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 1:6 </ref> | ||
#If one does not have time, according to Ashkenazim he may say ''korbanot'' at night.<ref>Pri Megadim M"Z 1:6, Mishna Brurah 1:17. Chida (Birkei Yosef 1:13) writes that a person who doesn't have time can say korbanot at night since it is no worse than learning Torah at night. However, he concludes, that according to kabbalah that a person shouldn't read psukim at night really he shouldn't recite korbanot then. </ref> In cases of need, such as a worker who needs to daven early, according to Sephardim, he can say ''[[korbanot]]'' from 96 seasonal minutes before [[HaNetz|hanetz]].<ref>Halacha Brurah 1:16 (based on Sh”t Yacheve Daat 2:8) writes that in cases of need (for example a worker who needs to daven early) it is possible to say [[korbanot]] 96 minutes before [[HaNetz|hanetz]].</ref> | #If one does not have time, according to Ashkenazim he may say ''korbanot'' at night.<ref>Pri Megadim M"Z 1:6, Mishna Brurah 1:17. Chida (Birkei Yosef 1:13) writes that a person who doesn't have time can say korbanot at night since it is no worse than learning Torah at night. However, he concludes, that according to kabbalah that a person shouldn't read psukim at night really he shouldn't recite korbanot then. </ref> In cases of need, such as a worker who needs to daven early, according to Sephardim, he can say ''[[korbanot]]'' from 96 seasonal minutes before [[HaNetz|hanetz]].<ref>Halacha Brurah 1:16 (based on Sh”t Yacheve Daat 2:8) writes that in cases of need (for example a worker who needs to daven early) it is possible to say [[korbanot]] 96 minutes before [[HaNetz|hanetz]].</ref> | ||
#The ''parsha'' of the ''korban tamid'' and the ''mishnayot'' of the ''korbanot'' should only be said during the day.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 47:13, Mishna Brurah 47:32</ref> | #The ''parsha'' of the ''korban tamid'' and the ''mishnayot'' of the ''korbanot'' should only be said during the day.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 47:13, Mishna Brurah 47:32</ref> | ||
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#One who will be unable to recite ''shema'' after ''misheyakir'' may do so from ''alot hashachar''.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 58:3</ref> | #One who will be unable to recite ''shema'' after ''misheyakir'' may do so from ''alot hashachar''.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 58:3</ref> | ||
#''Shemoneh esrei'' should be recited after ''hanetz.''<ref>Shulchan Aruch 89:1</ref> If it was recited from ''alot hashachar'' one has fulfilled his obligation. In a case of need, like for one who is traveling, it is even considered ideal to say ''shemoneh esrei'' from ''alot hashachar.''<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 89:1, Mishna Brurah 89:4</ref> | #''Shemoneh esrei'' should be recited after ''hanetz.''<ref>Shulchan Aruch 89:1</ref> If it was recited from ''alot hashachar'' one has fulfilled his obligation. In a case of need, like for one who is traveling, it is even considered ideal to say ''shemoneh esrei'' from ''alot hashachar.''<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 89:1, Mishna Brurah 89:4</ref> | ||
#One who cannot avoid reciting Shema before misheyakir may do so after alot hashachar. | #One who cannot avoid reciting Shema before misheyakir may do so after alot hashachar.<ref>Shulchan Aruch OC 58:3</ref> However, one may do so from alot hashachar at the earliest.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 89:1, 8. Mishna Brurah 89:4 notes that this may be done initially for those who have no other choice, but for one who could say Shemoneh Esrei later he would only fulfill his obligation after the fact by davening early.</ref> One may certainly say Shemone Esrei after misheyakir, even if it is before sunrise.<ref>Piskei Teshuvot 89:4</ref> | ||
=== Ideal Time for Shacharit === | === Ideal Time for Shacharit === | ||
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===Netz=== | ===Netz=== | ||
#Ideally one should pray after Netz. If one did pray anytime after [[Olot HaShachar]] one has fulfilled one’s obligation.<ref>The Rosh ([[Brachot]] 4:1) writes that even though ideally one should pray at [[HaNetz]] (sunrise) if one prayed after [[Olot HaShachar]] one would have fulfilled one’s obligation. This is also the opinion of many Rishonim including Tosfot 30a (s.v. Avuha), Rambam ([[Tefillah]] 3:7, Sh”t Rambam 27), Rabbenu Yerucham (according to Bet Yosef 89:1) and the Tur 89:1. This is codified in Shulchan Aruch 89:1. </ref> | #Ideally one should pray after Netz. If one did pray anytime after [[Olot HaShachar|alot hashachar]] one has fulfilled one’s obligation.<ref>The Rosh ([[Brachot]] 4:1) writes that even though ideally one should pray at [[HaNetz]] (sunrise) if one prayed after [[Olot HaShachar]] one would have fulfilled one’s obligation. This is also the opinion of many Rishonim including Tosfot 30a (s.v. Avuha), Rambam ([[Tefillah]] 3:7, Sh”t Rambam 27), Rabbenu Yerucham (according to Bet Yosef 89:1) and the Tur 89:1. This is codified in Shulchan Aruch 89:1. </ref> | ||
#The ideal mitzvah is to start praying | #The ideal mitzvah is to start praying [[Shmoneh Esrei]] at [[HaNetz HaChama|hanetz hachama]] (sunrise). The practice of those who say Shemona Esrei of Shacharit at Netz is called <nowiki>''</nowiki>Vatikin<nowiki>''</nowiki>.<ref>Gemara <nowiki>[[Brachot]]</nowiki> 26a writes the ideal time to pray <nowiki>[[Shacharit]]</nowiki> is at <nowiki>[[HaNetz HaChama]]</nowiki> and that was the practice of the <nowiki>[[Vatikin]]</nowiki> (those who fulfill the מצות early and in the proper time). This is codified by the Rambam (<nowiki>[[Tefillah]]</nowiki> 3:1), Rosh (<nowiki>[[Brachot]]</nowiki> 4:1), Tur and Shulchan Aruch 89:1</ref> | ||
#If a person can either daven at Netz without a minyan or later with a minyan, according to Ashkenazim one may daven at | #If a person can either daven at Netz without a minyan or later with a minyan, according to Ashkenazim one may daven at hanetz if one regularly davens at Netz.<ref>Biur Halacha 58 s.v. umitzvah</ref> According to Sephardim, one should daven with a minyan later rather than daven by oneself at hanetz unless one will pray with kavana.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 89:19</ref> | ||
===Pre-Netz=== | ===Pre-Netz=== | ||
#If one needs to travel or in a cases of extreme difficulty one may pray [[Shacharit]] after [[Olot HaShachar]] before [[HaNetz]], but nonetheless one may not make the bracha on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] or say [[Kriyat Shema]] until [[MeSheYakir]]. <ref>*The Rosh (Brachot 4:1) writes that even though ideally one should pray at [[HaNetz]] (sunrise) if one prayed after [[Olot HaShachar]] one would have fulfilled one’s obligation. This is also the opinion of many rishonim including Tosfot 30a (D”H Avuha), Rambam ([[Tefillah]] 3:7, Sh”t Rambam 27), Rabbenu Yerucham (according to Bet Yosef 89:1) and the Tur 89:1. This is codified in Shulchan Aruch 89:1. | #If one needs to travel or in a cases of extreme difficulty one may pray [[Shacharit]] after [[Olot HaShachar|Alot HaShachar]] before [[HaNetz|hanetz]], but nonetheless one may not make the bracha on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]] or say [[Kriyat Shema]] until [[MeSheYakir]]. <ref>*The Rosh (Brachot 4:1) writes that even though ideally one should pray at [[HaNetz]] (sunrise) if one prayed after [[Olot HaShachar]] one would have fulfilled one’s obligation. This is also the opinion of many rishonim including Tosfot 30a (D”H Avuha), Rambam ([[Tefillah]] 3:7, Sh”t Rambam 27), Rabbenu Yerucham (according to Bet Yosef 89:1) and the Tur 89:1. This is codified in Shulchan Aruch 89:1. | ||
*There is a minority of Rishonim who hold that in extenuating circumstances one is permitted to pray [[Shacharit]] before [[Olot HaShachar]]. The basis of this approach is Rashi (Brachot 30a s.v. VeLayaved), Sh”t Raavan (176), and Raavad (quoted by the Sefer Hashlamah). | *There is a minority of Rishonim who hold that in extenuating circumstances one is permitted to pray [[Shacharit]] before [[Olot HaShachar]]. The basis of this approach is Rashi (Brachot 30a s.v. VeLayaved), Sh”t Raavan (176), and Raavad (quoted by the Sefer Hashlamah). | ||
*Shulchan Aruch 89:8 rules that in cases of extenuating circumstances such as where one has to travel early one may pray [[Shacharit]] [[Shmoneh Esrei]] immediately after [[Olot HaShachar]] and then say Shema while traveling if one is able to have kavana (proper intent) while traveling. This is also mentioned in Mishna Brurah 89:1.</ref> | *Shulchan Aruch 89:8 rules that in cases of extenuating circumstances such as where one has to travel early one may pray [[Shacharit]] [[Shmoneh Esrei]] immediately after [[Olot HaShachar]] and then say Shema while traveling if one is able to have kavana (proper intent) while traveling. This is also mentioned in Mishna Brurah 89:1.</ref> | ||
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===After the Fact=== | ===After the Fact=== | ||
#If one prayed before [[Olot HaShachar]], one has not fulfilled one’s obligation. Nonetheless, one should pray again on condition that if one is exempt then one is praying voluntarily. <ref>*What is the earliest time for [[Shacharit]]? The Rosh 4:1 writes that even though ideally one should pray at [[HaNetz]] (sunrise) if one prayed after [[Olot HaShachar]] one would have fulfilled one’s obligation. This is also the opinion of many Rishonim including Tosfot 30a (D”H Avuha), Rambam ([[Tefillah]] 3:7, Sh”t Rambam 27), Rabbenu Yerucham (according to Bet Yosef 89:1) and the Tur 89:1. This is codified in Shulchan Aruch 89:1. | #If one prayed before [[Olot HaShachar|alot hashachar]], one has not fulfilled one’s obligation. Nonetheless, one should pray again on condition that if one is exempt then one is praying voluntarily. <ref>*What is the earliest time for [[Shacharit]]? The Rosh 4:1 writes that even though ideally one should pray at [[HaNetz]] (sunrise) if one prayed after [[Olot HaShachar]] one would have fulfilled one’s obligation. This is also the opinion of many Rishonim including Tosfot 30a (D”H Avuha), Rambam ([[Tefillah]] 3:7, Sh”t Rambam 27), Rabbenu Yerucham (according to Bet Yosef 89:1) and the Tur 89:1. This is codified in Shulchan Aruch 89:1. | ||
*There is a minority of rishonim who hold that in extenuating circumstances one is permitted to pray [[Shacharit]] before [[Olot HaShachar]]. The basis of this approach is Rashi ([[Brachot]] 30a s.v. VeLayaved), Sh”t Raavan (176), and Raavad (quoted by the Sefer Hashlamah). | *There is a minority of rishonim who hold that in extenuating circumstances one is permitted to pray [[Shacharit]] before [[Olot HaShachar]]. The basis of this approach is Rashi ([[Brachot]] 30a s.v. VeLayaved), Sh”t Raavan (176), and Raavad (quoted by the Sefer Hashlamah). | ||
*[Interestingly, the Derisha argues that the Rabbenu Yerucham holds that there are three levels, ideally one should pray at [[HaNetz]], it is permissible to pray after [[MeSheYakir]] and it is only effective, after the fact, after [[Olot HaShachar]].] | *[Interestingly, the Derisha argues that the Rabbenu Yerucham holds that there are three levels, ideally one should pray at [[HaNetz]], it is permissible to pray after [[MeSheYakir]] and it is only effective, after the fact, after [[Olot HaShachar]].] | ||
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===Latest Time=== | ===Latest Time=== | ||
#One should make sure to daven maariv before Chatzot. If one could either daven by oneself before Chatzot or with a minyan after Chatzot one should daven by oneself before Chatzot.<ref>Ishei Yisrael 28:15 based on Mishna Brurah 235:17 and quoting Rav Chaim Kanievsky, Or Letzion 2:15:9, Piskei Teshuvot 235:10. Piskei Teshuvot (235 fnt. 68) questions this since it is possible to recite kriyat shema before chatzot and then shemona esrei with the minyan after chatzot. [[Dating_Packet| Rav Hershel Schachter (cited in Halachos of Dating)]] holds that one should daven by oneself before chatzot rather than daven with a minyan after chatzot.</ref> Some disagree and allow davening in a minyan after chatzot as long as one says shema before chatzot.<ref>Halacha Brurah 235:20</ref> | #One should make sure to daven maariv before Chatzot. If one could either daven by oneself before Chatzot or with a minyan after Chatzot one should daven by oneself before Chatzot.<ref>Ishei Yisrael 28:15 based on Mishna Brurah 235:17 and quoting Rav Chaim Kanievsky, Or Letzion 2:15:9, Piskei Teshuvot 235:10. Piskei Teshuvot (235 fnt. 68) questions this since it is possible to recite kriyat shema before chatzot and then shemona esrei with the minyan after chatzot. [[Dating_Packet| Rav Hershel Schachter (cited in Halachos of Dating)]] holds that one should daven by oneself before chatzot rather than daven with a minyan after chatzot.</ref> Some disagree and allow davening in a minyan after chatzot as long as one says shema before chatzot.<ref>Halacha Brurah 235:20</ref> | ||
#After the fact, one may pray [[Arvit]] all night until [[Olot HaShachar]].<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 70:2</ref> | #After the fact, one may pray [[Arvit]] all night until [[Olot HaShachar|alot hashachar]].<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 70:2</ref> | ||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Prayer]] | [[Category:Prayer]] | ||
