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Onen: Difference between revisions
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→Exemption from Mitzvot
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# If a person became an onen for the entire duration of a certain tefillah is he exempt from that tefillah altogether and isn't obligated to say any tashlumin. It isn't like someone who forgot to daven and can say tashlumin since the onen was totally exempt.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 341:2</ref> | # If a person became an onen for the entire duration of a certain tefillah is he exempt from that tefillah altogether and isn't obligated to say any tashlumin. It isn't like someone who forgot to daven and can say tashlumin since the onen was totally exempt.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 341:2</ref> | ||
# Some say that a person who became an onen after the time for [[Shacharit]] or [[Mincha]] began and didn’t yet pray is obligated to pray a [[Tashlumin]]<ref> Mishna Brurah 71, Magen Giborim and Derech HaChaim</ref> although some argue.<ref>Yad Efrayim (Aninut 29), Birkei Yosef 341:17, Chachmat Shlomo 71, and Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 6:11 hold that one is exempt from [[Tashlumin]].</ref> | # Some say that a person who became an onen after the time for [[Shacharit]] or [[Mincha]] began and didn’t yet pray is obligated to pray a [[Tashlumin]]<ref> Mishna Brurah 71, Magen Giborim and Derech HaChaim</ref> although some argue.<ref>Yad Efrayim (Aninut 29), Birkei Yosef 341:17, Chachmat Shlomo 71, and Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 6:11 hold that one is exempt from [[Tashlumin]].</ref> | ||
===Making Up Mitzvot After Aninut=== | |||
# If a person was an onen until after the first four hours of the day, according to Ashkenazim, he may not recite birchot hashachar besides birchot hatorah, shelo asani goy, shelo asani eved, and shelo asani isha.<ref>Mishna Brurah 71:1</ref> According to Sephardim he can still recite birchot hashachar.<ref>Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 138)</ref> | # If a person was an onen until after the first four hours of the day, according to Ashkenazim, he may not recite birchot hashachar besides birchot hatorah, shelo asani goy, shelo asani eved, and shelo asani isha.<ref>Mishna Brurah 71:1</ref> According to Sephardim he can still recite birchot hashachar.<ref>Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 138)</ref> | ||
===Particular Mitzvot=== | |||
# A onen who wants to eat bread shouldn't recite hamotzei but should wash netilat yadayim without a bracha and it is proper to also wash mayim achronim.<ref> The Gemara Brachot 17b establishes that an onen doesn't recite any bracha. Rashi explains that it includes hamotzei. Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 143) quotes many achronim who follow the opinion of rashi. | |||
* Birkei Yosef 341:5 writes that the onen must wash netilat yadayim since it isn't just a mitzvah, it is an establishment of the rabbis that it is forbidden to eat bread without washing. Just like an onen may not violate any Biblical prohibition he can't violate any rabbinic prohibition either. The Shevet Yehuda 341:6 disagrees. Firstly, he argues, netilat yadayim is fundamentally a mitzvah and secondly, chazal exempted an onen from actively doing mitzvot, even though there's a prohibition to eat without netilat yadayim since it is considered passive not to wash before eating bread he is exempt. Shulchan Gavoha 341:11 agrees. Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 143) agrees with the Birkei Yosef. | |||
* Pitchei Teshuva 341:4 quotes the Chamudei Doniel that an onen should wash netilat yadayim and mayim achronim. Chazon Ovadia (v. | |||
1 p. 149) cites a dispute about this and concludes that it is proper to wash mayim achronim.</ref> | |||
# Some poskim hold that an onen on Chol Hamoed can't eat outside a sukkah, while others hold that he can. According to Sephardim, an onen doesn’t need to eat in the sukkah.<ref> | # Some poskim hold that an onen on Chol Hamoed can't eat outside a sukkah, while others hold that he can. According to Sephardim, an onen doesn’t need to eat in the sukkah.<ref> | ||
* (a) Since an onen is exempt from all mitzvot it follows that he doesn’t have to eat in the sukkah. However, the Pri Megadim E"A 640:10 isn’t sure about this since the onen can’t violate prohibitions and it would be a prohibition to eat outside the sukkah. The Bikkurei Yakov 640:19 argues that eating outside of a Sukkah is considered passively not fulfilling the mitzvah of sukkah. Mishna Brurah 640:31 quotes this dispute and doesn't resolve it. Rav Ovadia Yosef (Chazon Ovadia Aveilut v. 1 p. 145) quotes Rav Avraham Min Hahar as a proof for the Bikkurei Yakov. | * (a) Since an onen is exempt from all mitzvot it follows that he doesn’t have to eat in the sukkah. However, the Pri Megadim E"A 640:10 isn’t sure about this since the onen can’t violate prohibitions and it would be a prohibition to eat outside the sukkah. The Bikkurei Yakov 640:19 argues that eating outside of a Sukkah is considered passively not fulfilling the mitzvah of sukkah. Mishna Brurah 640:31 quotes this dispute and doesn't resolve it. Rav Ovadia Yosef (Chazon Ovadia Aveilut v. 1 p. 145) quotes Rav Avraham Min Hahar as a proof for the Bikkurei Yakov. | ||
