Bread

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Chazal considered bread to be a very important food as it is one of the primary sustenance of man. There are special laws in reagrds to Brachot and respecting food which are specific to bread, as outlined below. Other related topics include Brachot on foods that are part of a meal, Netilat Yadayim, and Birkat HaMazon.

HaMotzei

  1. There is no minimum requirement and one must make Hamotzei even if one is eating less than a Kezayit of bread. [1] The amount of bread necessary in order to make Netilat Yadayim and Birkat HaMazon are discussed in the articles specific to those topics.

Respecting bread

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  1. One should show respect to bread because of it’s importance. Therefore, it’s forbidden to throw bread even if it will not get ruined. [2]
  2. One may not throw out a Kezayit of bread into a garbage. However, one should place it in a separate bag and then throw it out. [3]

Microwave or sun baked bread

  1. If bread is baked in an oven or microwave the bracha is HaMotzei, however, if it's cooked in the sun the bracha is Mezonot, however others say that one should eat the bread cooked in a microwave in a meal and exempt it with another HaMotzei. [4]

References

  1. ↑ S”A 168:10, 210:1
  2. ↑ S”A 171:1. Mishna Brurah 171:9 and Yalkut Yosef (Brachot pg 156), Halacha Berura 9:49, Peri Megadim Eshel Avraham 167:38 add that it’s forbidden to throw even if the bread won’t get ruined (if it falls).
  3. ↑ Bayit Baruch 54:22, Vezot HaBracha pg 16 rule that one may not throw out a Kezayit of bread based on S”A 180:4 who says one may not ruin bread the size of Kezayit by letting water touch it. Rather, Vezot HaBracha quotes Rabbi Yehuda Yisrael Fisher, Rabbi Chaim Pinchas Sheinburg, and Rabbi Shalom Elyashiv who say that one should throw it out in a seperate bag. Vezot HaBracha also quotes Rabbi Mordechai Eliyahu who says to throw out bread in a plastic bag and then wrap that with paper.
  4. ↑ S"A 168:16 writes that bread which was made for a Kutach dish and the bread was cooked in the sun has the bracha of Mezonot. Pitchei Teshuvot 168:22 explains that the bracha is mezonot because that's an unusual way of cooking it and the same is true of way bread cooked in the sun. Regarding bread cooked in a microwave the Pitchei Halacha (chapter 8 note 91) are in doubt as to whether the bracha should be mezonot or hamotzei, while the Shevut Yitzchak (Dinei Microwave chapter 8) writes that he showed Rav Shlomo Zalman and Rav Elyashiv and they agreed that the bracha is HaMotzei.
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