Al Hanissim on Chanukah

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Al Hanissim

  1. The passage of al hanissim and the addition special for chanuka are added to the Birkat HaMazon in the middle of birkat haaretz (between nodeh licha and vi'al hakol)and during the shemoneh esrei following the passage of modim for all eight days of chanuka. [1]
  2. Nothing is added into the beracha of meayn shalosh (al hamichya, al hagefen, or all haetz) for chanuka. [2]
  3. Al hanissim is recited even on the first night of chanuka, even if you haven't lit candles yet, as well as mussaf of shabbat and mussaf of rosh chodesh even though there is no mussaf on chanuka. [3]
  4. One should not skip al hanissim in order that he be able to finish shemoneh esrei in time so that he can answer kaddish or kedusha. [4]

If you Forget

  1. If one forgot in either Birkat HaMazon or the shemoneh esrei and has reached the name of Hashem in the beracha then he shouldn't go back, but as long as he still has not begun the beracha that follows it, he should still go back. [5]
  2. If he forgot in Birkat Hamazon then in the section of Harachamans he should add

הרחמן יעשה לנו נסיס ונפלאות כשס שענית לאבותינו בימיס ההס בזמן הזה and then recite the biymei matityahu particular for chanuka. [6] and if it is Rosh Chodesh Tevet, then the harachaman for rosh chodesh should be recited first. [7]

  1. If he forgot in the shemoneh esrei he can still recite it before the second yihyu liratzon at the end of the shemoneh esrei. [8]
  2. If one began repeating shemoneh esrei thinking that he has to repeat for forgetting al hanissim, and then realized that the halacha says otherwise, he should stop immediately and say "baruch shem kvod malchuto liolam vaed," except for arvit, because for arvit he can finish and have it in mind to be a nidavah. [9]
  3. If one mistakenly recited al hanissim in the avoda beracha where yaale viyavo is usually recited he should recite it again after modim, but if he didn't realize until after that he shouldn't go back. [10]
  4. If one mistakenly said biymei mordechai viesther (the passage we recite for al hanissim on purim) instead of biymei matityahu he has still fulfilled his obligation. [11]

Text

  1. The correct language is vi'al hanissim, but if you do say just al hanissim it is ok also. [12]
  2. The proper text is "kisheamda malchut yavan harisha al amcha yisrael," and not kisheamda aleyhem. [13]

Sources

  1. ↑ Rambam Hilchot Berachot 2:6 and Hilchot Tefilla 2:13, Shulchan Aruch 682:1, Aruch Hashulchan 682:1
  2. ↑ Mishna Berura 682:2, Yalkut Yosef Moadim 240, Yabia Omer 3:36. Yalkut Yosef also adds that if you did say something by mistake, you would not go back.
  3. ↑ http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=1063
  4. ↑ Yalkut Yosef Moadim 240, Yabia Omer 2:32, 9:66 and Yechave Daar 1:77. According to Rav Ovadia the same would apply on rosh chodesh with yaale viyavo, as well as aneinu on a fast day and this is despite the fact that the shemoneh esrei is entirely valid without them and according to some poskim the kedusha is a diorayta.
  5. ↑ Tur OC 682:1, Shulchan Aruch 682:1 based on the Tosefta in Berachot 3:12. Yalkut Yosef Moadim 238, Torat Hamoadim 9:12 by Rabbi David Yosef and Yechave Daat 5:49 say that you should not say lamdeini chukecha once you say Hashem's name because that would be considered a hefsek, unlike the eshel avraham 695 who says that you should say lamdeini chukecha. Aruch Hashulchan 682:3. Mishna Berura 682:3 adds that this even applies if it is Shabbat and there is an obligation to eat, he should still not go back. The Bach 682:1 based on the Mordechai as well as the Ravya 563 page 284, however, disagree and say in Birkat HaMazon one should go back.
  6. ↑ Rama 187:4 and 682:1 based on Kol Bo 25, Aruch Hashulchan 682:3, Yalkut Yosef Moadim 240
  7. ↑ Mishna Berura 682:5 because whatever is recited more often should be recited first. (tadir vishayno tadir, tadir kodem)
  8. ↑ Mishna Berura 682:4, Aruch Hashulchan 682:3. Yalkut Yosef Moadim 239 says that you should say there modim ananchnu lach al hanissim ... based on the eliya rabba 682:2 and Maamar Mordechai 682:3.
  9. ↑ Yalkut Yosef Moadim 239, Yabia Omer 1:22:15. The Yalkut Yosef explains that the reason arvit is different is because in general if you started shemoneh esrei having in mind to fulfill an obligation then you can't continue as a nidava according to Shulchan Aruch 107:1. However arvit is different because it starts of as a tefilla of reshut so you can finish, and just add something new for that shemoneh esrei in the beracha shomea tfilla(Yalkut Yosef Tfilla 1 page 540).
  10. ↑ Yalkut Yosef Moadim 239. Rav Shlomo Kluger in Chochmat Shlomo 108:12 disagrees however, and says that if he finished the shemoneh esrei, the inappropriate recital of al hanissim during the avoda beracha is considered a hefsek, and he should go back and say it again.
  11. ↑ Yabia Omer 4:51:4
  12. ↑ Mishna Berura 682:1, Aruch Hashulchan 682:1, Yalkut Yosef on the Moadim page 238 all explain that this is because it is a continuation of the thanks we give G-d in modim.
  13. ↑ Aruch Hashulchan 682:2, Yalkut Yosef Moadim 241.
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