Birchot HaShachar

From Halachipedia

When to say these Brachot

  1. Originally, Chazal instituted that each Bracha be said when a person gets the particular enjoyment that relates to that Bracha, however, nowadays, the minhag is to make all the Brachot together when one gets to Shul. [1]
  2. The earliest time to say Birchot HaShachar is from Chatzot (midnight). [2]
  3. If one woke up before Olot HaShachar (after Chatzot) even if one will go to sleep afterwards, one should make Brachot HaShachar except for Elokei Nishama and HaMaavir Shenah which should be said without Shem UMalchut. In the morning, one should make Elokei Netsor and HaMaavir Shenah with Shem UMalchut. [3] However, if one slept the day before some say one may make the Bracha oneself. [4]

How to make the Brachot

  1. One may say Brachot HaShachar while standing or sitting. [5]
  2. Some say that one shouldn't say Birchot HaShachar while walking or doing any other task such as getting dressed. [6]

Who is obligated in these Brachot?

  1. Even though the Brachot were instituted for particular action or enjoyment, even if one doesn’t do that action or get that enjoyment the Brachot are still made, for example, one should make HaNoten LiSichvei Binah even if one didn’t hear the rooster crow, or a blind person can make the Bracha of Pokeach Ivrim. [7]

If one didn’t sleep

  1. Even if didn’t sleep at all at night, Ashkenazim may make all the Brachot HaShachar oneself except for Elokei Nishama, HaMaavir Sheynah, and Brachot HaTorah which one should hear from someone who did sleep. [8]Sephardim may make all the Brachot HaShachar (including Brachot HaTorah) except for Netilat Yadayim (and Asher Yatzer which he could make himself if he goes to the bathroom). [9]

If one forgot to say Brachot HaShachar

  1. If one forgot to say Brachot HaShachar and remembered in middle of Pesukei DeZimrah one should say it between the paragraphs in Pesukei DeZimrah. [10]
  2. If one forgot to say Brachot HaShachar and only remembered in Brachot Kriyat Shema one shouldn’t interrupt to say the Brachot but rather have intent not to fulfill one’s obligation of Elokei Nishama with the Bracha of Mechaya Meytim. [11]
  3. If one forgot to say Brachot HaShachar before Davening one may say all the brachot afterwards except for Elokei Nishama which some say was fulfilled with the Bracha of Mechaye Maytim. [12]

If one forgot to say Brachot HaTorah

  1. If one forgot to say Brachot HaTorah and remembered in middle of Pesukei DeZimrah one should say it between the paragraphs in Pesukei DeZimrah. [13]
  2. If one forgot to say Brachot HaTorah and only remembered in Brachot Kriyat Shema one shouldn’t interrupt to say the Brachot but rather have intent to fulfill one’s obligation of Brachot HaTorah with Ahavat Olam and then learn a little right after davening. [14]
  3. If one forgot to say Brachot HaTorah before Davening and only remembered afterwards and didn’t learn right after davening, one shouldn’t say Brachot HaTorah because there’s of a doubt in the poskim if one fulfilled one’s obligation. [15]

When to say Birchot HaTorah

  1. One should say Birchot HaTorah prior to saying any pesukim as tefillah. [16]

References

  1. ↑ S”A 1:2
  2. ↑ Magan Avraham 47:13, Kaf HaChaim 46:49, Or Letzion (vol 2, 4:9)
  3. ↑ Mishna Brurah 47:30
  4. ↑ Piskei Teshuvot 494:7
  5. ↑ Yalkut Yosef (Birchat HaShachar pg 23)
  6. ↑ Kaf HaChaim (Rav Chaim Palagi 9:7)
  7. ↑ Rama 46:8, Mishna Brurah 46:25
  8. ↑ Rama 46:8, Mishna Brurah 46:24
  9. ↑ Kaf HaChaim 46:49, Sh"t Yabea Omer 5:6, Tefillah KeHilchata (chap 9 note 159) quoting Chacham Ben Tzion Abba Shaul.
  10. ↑ Ishei Yisrael 5:27
  11. ↑ Mishna Brurah 52:9
  12. ↑ Kaf HaChaim 46:9, Mishna Brurah 52:9
  13. ↑ Mishna Brurah 51:10
  14. ↑ Mishna Brurah 52:9
  15. ↑ S”A 47:8
  16. ↑ S”A 46:9, Mishna Brurah 46:27
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