Shnayim Mikra V'Echad Targum
From Halachipedia
Who is obligated?
- There’s an obligation on every person to read the parsha that the Tzibbur is currently reading twice and targum once called Shenayim Mikrash VeEchad Targum. [1]
- Even someone who will hear the Torah reading in Shul must read Shenayim Mikra. [2]
- Even someone who is learned and wants to learn Talmud is obligated to read Shanyim Mikrah. [3]
- Even someone who doesn’t understand what he’s reading is obligated.[4]
- Women are exempt since many hold it’s included in Limud Torah.[5]
- A sick, blind, or illiterate man is exempt but it’s preferable to hear it read from another person.[6]
- A mourner within the first 7 days can read it but not with Rashi.[7]
- A teacher who teaches children the parsha and goes over the pesukim a few times he only needs to read targum to fulfill his obligation.[8]
References
- ↑ Brachot 8a records the obligation and tells us that Rabbi Yehoshua Ben Levi commanded his sons to fulfill it, Mechilta Parshat Bo quoted by Shibolei HaLeket 75 and Bet Yosef 285 tells us Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi commanded his sons to fulfill this obligation before Shabbat lunch, Rashbetz (Brachot 8a) this in name of the Yerushalmi, and the Tosfot and Rosh (Brachot 8b) quote a Midrash. Rambam Tefilah 13:25, and S’A 285:1 rule that it is an obligation.
- ↑ Hagot Maimon (Tefillah 3:24) quotes the Raavan who says that Shenayim Mikra is only an obligation for those who live in villages that don’t have Torah reading on Shabbat, however, the Hagot Maimon argues on the Raavan. The Tur and S”A 285:1 write explicitly that there’s an obligation of Shenayim Mikra even someone who will hear Torah reading. This opinion is unanimously accepted by the Achronim.
- ↑ Teshuvot HaGeonim 7 in name of Rabbenu Matatya says that even a talmid chacham must complete Shenyaim Mikra VeEchad Targum. Sh”t Rashba 1:206 agrees. This is brought as Halacha in Chazon Ovadya (Shabbat 1 pg 300), Sh”t Igrot Moshe 5:17, Shulchan Lechem HaPanim (Siman 285), and Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 42:57. Bikkurei Chaim (pg 39) writes that those who think that it’s Bitul Torah since they are capable of learning more in-depth should know that by spending more time on Shnayim Mikra they will be rewarded with long life (Brachot 8a).
- ↑ Sh”t Yechava Daat 2:37
- ↑ Sh”t Mishna Halachot 6:60.
- ↑ Sh”t Radvaz 3:425, Kaf HaChaim 285:9-10, Sh”t Mahari Shatif 18.
- ↑ Sh”t Habit HaYehudi 3:36(15), SH”t Orchot Yosher Y”D 1:28.
- ↑ S”A 285:6, Mishna Brurah 285:16, Kaf Hachiam 285:32 adds that according Kabbalah it’s better to read it again all together without a break
