Eruv Tavshilin: Difference between revisions

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If [[Yom Tov]] falls out on Friday (or on Thursday and Friday outside Israel), in general, one may not cook or bake from [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]], however, if one cooked and there was leftovers it may be eaten on [[Shabbat]]. Yet, if one designated an Eruv Tavshilin from before [[Yom Tov]] then it’s permissible to cook or bake from [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]]. <ref>S”A 527:1 </ref>
If [[Yom Tov]] falls out on Friday (or on Thursday and Friday outside Israel), in general, one may not cook or bake from [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]], however, if one cooked and there was leftovers it may be eaten on [[Shabbat]]. Yet, if one designated an Eruv Tavshilin from before [[Yom Tov]] then it’s permissible to cook or bake from [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]]. <ref>S”A 527:1, Kitzur S"A 102:1 </ref>
==Procedure and text==
==Procedure and text==
# One should hold the cooked and baked foods in one's right hand as one says the Bracha and Erev stipulation. <Ref>Laws of [[Yom Tov]] (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen, pg 279) quoting Sh"t Chaim Shaal 29</ref>
# One should hold the cooked and baked foods in one's right hand as one says the Bracha and Eruv stipulation. <Ref>Laws of [[Yom Tov]] (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen, pg 279) quoting Sh"t Chaim Shaal 29</ref>
# The text of the Bracha for Erev Tavshilin is: ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם אשר קדשנו במצותיו וצונו על מצות עירוב. Then one should make the following stipulation: בדין יהא שרי לן לאפויי ולבשולי ולאטמוני ולאדלוקי שרגא ולמעבד כל צרכנא מיום טוב לשבת , meaning, "With this Eruv it should be permitted for us to bake, cook, insulate food, light a candle, and do any need from [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]]". One must understand what one is saying and if one doesn't understand the Aramaic one should say it in a language one understands. <ref>Shulchan Aruch and Rama 527:12. See Chazon Ovadyah ([[Yom Tov]] pg 294) who leaves out the text ולאטמוני and לנא ולפלוני ולפלוני או לכל בני העיר הזאת. </ref>
# The text of the Bracha for Eruv Tavshilin is: ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם אשר קדשנו במצותיו וצונו על מצות עירוב. Then one should make the following stipulation: בדין יהא שרי לן לאפויי ולבשולי ולאטמוני ולאדלוקי שרגא ולמעבד כל צרכנא מיום טוב לשבת , meaning, "With this Eruv it should be permitted for us to bake, cook, insulate food, light a candle, and do any need from [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]]". One must understand what one is saying and if one doesn't understand the Aramaic one should say it in a language one understands. <ref>Shulchan Aruch and Rama 527:12, Kitzur S"A 102:1. See Chazon Ovadyah ([[Yom Tov]] pg 294) who leaves out the text ולאטמוני and לנא ולפלוני ולפלוני או לכל בני העיר הזאת. </ref>
==What foods should be used for Erev Tavshilin?==
==What foods should be used for Eruv Tavshilin?==
# A baked item such as bread and a cooked dish should be used for the Eruv Tavshilin. <Ref>S”A 527:2 </ref> The cooked dish must be something which is usually eaten with bread such as a piece of meat, fish, or eggs. <Ref>S”A 527:4, Mishna Brurah 527:11 </ref>
# A baked item such as bread and a cooked dish should be used for the Eruv Tavshilin. <Ref>S”A 527:2 </ref> The cooked dish must be something which is usually eaten with bread such as a piece of meat, fish, or eggs. <Ref>S”A 527:4, Mishna Brurah 527:11 </ref>
# If one made the Erev Tavshilin only using one cooked dish, after the fact it’s permissible. <Ref>S”A 527:2 </ref>
# If one made the Eruv Tavshilin only using one cooked dish, after the fact it’s permissible. <Ref>S”A 527:2 </ref>
# If one made the Erev Tavshilin only using one baked item, like bread, this isn’t considered a proper Erev. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 527:7 </ref>
# If one made the Eruv Tavshilin only using one baked item, like bread, this isn’t considered a proper Eruv. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 527:7 </ref>
# If one is only going to cook and not bake then one only needs one cooked dish. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 527:6 </ref>
# If one is only going to cook and not bake then one only needs one cooked dish. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 527:6 </ref>
===Size of Erev Tavshilin===
===Size of Eruv Tavshilin===
# The one baked dish and one cooked dish must be the size of a [[Kezayit]] and it’s preferable to use a whole loaf of bread and significant piece of meat or fish. <Ref>S”A 527:3 writes that the baked and cooked dish should be the size of a [[Kezayit]]. Rama 527:3 adds that the bread should preferably be the size of a [[Kebaytzah]]. Mishna Brurah 527:8 adds that it is a Hiddur Mitzvah to use a whole loaf of bread and significant piece of meat or fish.</ref>
# The one baked dish and one cooked dish must be the size of a [[Kezayit]] and it’s preferable to use a whole loaf of bread and significant piece of meat or fish. <Ref>S”A 527:3 writes that the baked and cooked dish should be the size of a [[Kezayit]]. Rama 527:3 adds that the bread should preferably be the size of a [[Kebaytzah]]. Kitzur S"A 102:1 agrees. Mishna Brurah 527:8 adds that it is a Hiddur Mitzvah to use a whole loaf of bread and significant piece of meat or fish.</ref>
==After making Erev Tavshilin, what are the laws of cooking on [[Yom Tov]]==
==After making Eruv Tavshilin, what are the laws of cooking on [[Yom Tov]]==
# Erev Tavshilin only permits one to cook on Friday however, if the first day of [[Yom Tov]] is on Thursday and the second one on Friday one may not cook from Thursday for [[Shabbat]]. <ref>S”A 527:13 </ref>
# Eruv Tavshilin only permits one to cook on Friday however, if the first day of [[Yom Tov]] is on Thursday and the second one on Friday one may not cook from Thursday for [[Shabbat]]. <ref>S”A 527:13 </ref>
# One should prepare the food on [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]] earlier in the day so that it will complete [[cooking]] well before [[Shabbat]] so that it’s possible it could have been used on [[Yom Tov]]. If it turns out that there’s not enough time to complete the [[cooking]] until right before [[Shabbat]], if it’s [[Yom Tov]] Sheni one may be lenient, but if it’s the first day of [[Yom Tov]] then one shouldn’t be lenient unless it’s a time of great need. <ref>Mishna Brurah 527:3 </ref> However, some defend the practice to permit [[cooking]] until sunset of Friday. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 527:3 </ref>
# One should prepare the food on [[Yom Tov]] for [[Shabbat]] earlier in the day so that it will complete [[cooking]] well before [[Shabbat]] so that it’s possible it could have been used on [[Yom Tov]]. If it turns out that there’s not enough time to complete the [[cooking]] until right before [[Shabbat]], if it’s [[Yom Tov]] Sheni one may be lenient, but if it’s the first day of [[Yom Tov]] then one shouldn’t be lenient unless it’s a time of great need. <ref>Mishna Brurah 527:3 </ref> However, some defend the practice to permit [[cooking]] until sunset of Friday. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 527:3 </ref>


==Eating the Erev Tavshilin==
==Eating the Eruv Tavshilin==
# Some have the minhag to eat the Erev Tavshilin for [[Seudat Shelishit]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 527:11 </ref>
# Some have the minhag to eat the Eruv Tavshilin for [[Seudat Shelishit]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 527:11, Kitzur S"A 102:1 </ref>
# If the Erev is eaten or lost one may not continue to cook on [[Yom Tov]] in preparation of [[Shabbat]]. <ref> S”A 527:15 </ref>
# If the Eruv is eaten or lost one may not continue to cook on [[Yom Tov]] in preparation of [[Shabbat]]. <ref> S”A 527:15 </ref>
==If one forgot to make Erev Tavshilin==
==If one forgot to make Eruv Tavshilin==
# There’s a mitzvah to make an Erev Tavshilin upon each individual and also upon the leader or Rabbi of the city. <Ref>S”A 527:7 </ref>
# There’s a mitzvah to make an Eruv Tavshilin upon each individual and also upon the leader or Rabbi of the city. <Ref>S”A 527:7 </ref>
# If one forgot, was unable, or didn’t know how to make Erev tavshilin, the first time one may rely on the Erev Tavshilin of the Rabbi of the town. However, if one had the ability but wanted to rely on the Rabbi of the town or if he forgot twice, he may not rely on the Rabbi’s Erev. <Ref>S”A 527:7, Mishna Brurah 527:22 </ref>
# If one forgot, was unable, or didn’t know how to make Eruv tavshilin, the first time one may rely on the Eruv Tavshilin of the Rabbi of the town. However, if one had the ability but wanted to rely on the Rabbi of the town or if he forgot twice, he may not rely on the Rabbi’s Eruv. <Ref>S”A 527:7, Mishna Brurah 527:22 </ref>
# If one didn’t make Erev Tavshilin according to some poskim one may not light [[Shabbat]] candles on [[Yom Tov]] which falls out on Friday. <Ref>S”A 527:19 </ref>Therefore, in such a case one should give the candles to another Jew and let them light for him or only light one candle. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 527:55 </ref>
# If one didn’t make Eruv Tavshilin according to some poskim one may not light [[Shabbat]] candles on [[Yom Tov]] which falls out on Friday. <Ref>S”A 527:19 </ref>Therefore, in such a case one should give the candles to another Jew and let them light for him or only light one candle. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 527:55 </ref>
# If [[Yom Tov]] (excluding the two days of [[Rosh Hashana]]) falls out on Thursday and Friday, and one forgot to make Erev Tavshilin before [[yom Tov]] one may make Erev Tavshilin on the first day and stipulate “If today is [[Yom Tov]] then there’s no need for an erev and if today isn’t [[Yom Tov]] then the erev should be set aside in order to permit [[cooking]] and baking.” <Ref>S”A 527:22 </ref>
# If [[Yom Tov]] (excluding the two days of [[Rosh Hashana]]) falls out on Thursday and Friday, and one forgot to make Eruv Tavshilin before [[yom Tov]] one may make Eruv Tavshilin on the first day and stipulate “If today is [[Yom Tov]] then there’s no need for an eruv and if today isn’t [[Yom Tov]] then the eruv should be set aside in order to permit [[cooking]] and baking.” <Ref>S”A 527:22 </ref>
# Some say that it’s preferable to make such a stipulation while others say that in such a case it’s better to rely on the Erev of the Rabbi of the town. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 527:21 </ref>
# Some say that it’s preferable to make such a stipulation while others say that in such a case it’s better to rely on the Eruv of the Rabbi of the town. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 527:21 </ref>
 
==Links==
# Article on [http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/2327/jewish/Eruv-Tavshilin.htm Eruv Tavshilin] on Chabad.org
# Article on [http://www.torahweb.org/torah/2009/moadim/rsac_shavuos.html Eruv Tavshilin] by Rabbi Yonason Sacks
# [http://www.yutorah.com/lectures/lecture.cfm/748954/rabbi-aryeh-lebowitz/ten-minute-halacha-eruv-tavshilin-practical-/ Ten Minute Halacha Eruv Tavshilin] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz


==Sources==
==Sources==

Revision as of 06:08, 26 April 2016

If Yom Tov falls out on Friday (or on Thursday and Friday outside Israel), in general, one may not cook or bake from Yom Tov for Shabbat, however, if one cooked and there was leftovers it may be eaten on Shabbat. Yet, if one designated an Eruv Tavshilin from before Yom Tov then it’s permissible to cook or bake from Yom Tov for Shabbat. [1]

Procedure and text

  1. One should hold the cooked and baked foods in one's right hand as one says the Bracha and Eruv stipulation. [2]
  2. The text of the Bracha for Eruv Tavshilin is: ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם אשר קדשנו במצותיו וצונו על מצות עירוב. Then one should make the following stipulation: בדין יהא שרי לן לאפויי ולבשולי ולאטמוני ולאדלוקי שרגא ולמעבד כל צרכנא מיום טוב לשבת , meaning, "With this Eruv it should be permitted for us to bake, cook, insulate food, light a candle, and do any need from Yom Tov for Shabbat". One must understand what one is saying and if one doesn't understand the Aramaic one should say it in a language one understands. [3]

What foods should be used for Eruv Tavshilin?

  1. A baked item such as bread and a cooked dish should be used for the Eruv Tavshilin. [4] The cooked dish must be something which is usually eaten with bread such as a piece of meat, fish, or eggs. [5]
  2. If one made the Eruv Tavshilin only using one cooked dish, after the fact it’s permissible. [6]
  3. If one made the Eruv Tavshilin only using one baked item, like bread, this isn’t considered a proper Eruv. [7]
  4. If one is only going to cook and not bake then one only needs one cooked dish. [8]

Size of Eruv Tavshilin

  1. The one baked dish and one cooked dish must be the size of a Kezayit and it’s preferable to use a whole loaf of bread and significant piece of meat or fish. [9]

After making Eruv Tavshilin, what are the laws of cooking on Yom Tov

  1. Eruv Tavshilin only permits one to cook on Friday however, if the first day of Yom Tov is on Thursday and the second one on Friday one may not cook from Thursday for Shabbat. [10]
  2. One should prepare the food on Yom Tov for Shabbat earlier in the day so that it will complete cooking well before Shabbat so that it’s possible it could have been used on Yom Tov. If it turns out that there’s not enough time to complete the cooking until right before Shabbat, if it’s Yom Tov Sheni one may be lenient, but if it’s the first day of Yom Tov then one shouldn’t be lenient unless it’s a time of great need. [11] However, some defend the practice to permit cooking until sunset of Friday. [12]

Eating the Eruv Tavshilin

  1. Some have the minhag to eat the Eruv Tavshilin for Seudat Shelishit. [13]
  2. If the Eruv is eaten or lost one may not continue to cook on Yom Tov in preparation of Shabbat. [14]

If one forgot to make Eruv Tavshilin

  1. There’s a mitzvah to make an Eruv Tavshilin upon each individual and also upon the leader or Rabbi of the city. [15]
  2. If one forgot, was unable, or didn’t know how to make Eruv tavshilin, the first time one may rely on the Eruv Tavshilin of the Rabbi of the town. However, if one had the ability but wanted to rely on the Rabbi of the town or if he forgot twice, he may not rely on the Rabbi’s Eruv. [16]
  3. If one didn’t make Eruv Tavshilin according to some poskim one may not light Shabbat candles on Yom Tov which falls out on Friday. [17]Therefore, in such a case one should give the candles to another Jew and let them light for him or only light one candle. [18]
  4. If Yom Tov (excluding the two days of Rosh Hashana) falls out on Thursday and Friday, and one forgot to make Eruv Tavshilin before yom Tov one may make Eruv Tavshilin on the first day and stipulate “If today is Yom Tov then there’s no need for an eruv and if today isn’t Yom Tov then the eruv should be set aside in order to permit cooking and baking.” [19]
  5. Some say that it’s preferable to make such a stipulation while others say that in such a case it’s better to rely on the Eruv of the Rabbi of the town. [20]

Links

  1. Article on Eruv Tavshilin on Chabad.org
  2. Article on Eruv Tavshilin by Rabbi Yonason Sacks
  3. Ten Minute Halacha Eruv Tavshilin by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz

Sources

  1. ↑ S”A 527:1, Kitzur S"A 102:1
  2. ↑ Laws of Yom Tov (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen, pg 279) quoting Sh"t Chaim Shaal 29
  3. ↑ Shulchan Aruch and Rama 527:12, Kitzur S"A 102:1. See Chazon Ovadyah (Yom Tov pg 294) who leaves out the text ולאטמוני and לנא ולפלוני ולפלוני או לכל בני העיר הזאת.
  4. ↑ S”A 527:2
  5. ↑ S”A 527:4, Mishna Brurah 527:11
  6. ↑ S”A 527:2
  7. ↑ Mishna Brurah 527:7
  8. ↑ Mishna Brurah 527:6
  9. ↑ S”A 527:3 writes that the baked and cooked dish should be the size of a Kezayit. Rama 527:3 adds that the bread should preferably be the size of a Kebaytzah. Kitzur S"A 102:1 agrees. Mishna Brurah 527:8 adds that it is a Hiddur Mitzvah to use a whole loaf of bread and significant piece of meat or fish.
  10. ↑ S”A 527:13
  11. ↑ Mishna Brurah 527:3
  12. ↑ Piskei Teshuvot 527:3
  13. ↑ Mishna Brurah 527:11, Kitzur S"A 102:1
  14. ↑ S”A 527:15
  15. ↑ S”A 527:7
  16. ↑ S”A 527:7, Mishna Brurah 527:22
  17. ↑ S”A 527:19
  18. ↑ Mishna Brurah 527:55
  19. ↑ S”A 527:22
  20. ↑ Piskei Teshuvot 527:21
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