Mikvaot: Difference between revisions
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==Niddah and Zavah== | ==Niddah and Zavah== | ||
# A mikveh is effective to purify a niddah, zavah, and baal keri but a zav specifically needs to dip in a mayan.<ref>Even though there is an opinion that Rashi Shabbat 65 s.v. vsaver cites that a zavah needs to dip in a mayan and a mikveh is insufficient, Rashi rejects it in several places based on a Tosefta Zavim 3:1. See Rashi Bechorot 58b s.v. mikveh. [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=30774&st=&pgnum=49 Shaarei Teshuva of the Geonim 164] written by Rav Natronai Goan holds that a zavah. Tosefta Megillah 1:11 explicitly holds that a Zavah doesn’t need a mayan. The Ramban Vayikra 15:11 points out that the simple explanation of the pesukim is that a zavah can’t go in a mikveh and needs a mayan but that isn’t the explanation of chazal. Rav Yakov Emden in Yavetz responsa 88 defends the teacher of Rashi by saying we don’t follow the Tosefta. See Aruch Lener Niddah 67a who provides another defense of this approach. Either way, this opinion was rejected by many poskim. Rambam Pirush Mishnayot Mikvaot 5:5 and Rosh ad loc. hold that a zavah doesn’t need a mayan. Bet Yosef YD 200:1 quotes the Rambam Mikveh 1:5, [https://beta.hebrewbooks.org/reader/reader.aspx?sfid=9023#p=73 Rashba (Shaar Hamayim 1)], Tur and Shulchan Aruch YD 200:1 conclude that a zavah is purified by a mikveh. The Bach 200:2 explains that really this opinion is only rabbinic and it is supported by Nedarim 40b. Either way the Bach concludes that it was rejected by all of the poskim.</ref> | # A mikveh is effective to purify a niddah, zavah, and baal keri but a zav specifically needs to dip in a mayan.<ref>Even though there is an opinion that Rashi Shabbat 65 s.v. vsaver cites that a zavah needs to dip in a mayan and a mikveh is insufficient, Rashi rejects it in several places based on a Tosefta Zavim 3:1. See Rashi Bechorot 58b s.v. mikveh. [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=30774&st=&pgnum=49 Shaarei Teshuva of the Geonim 164] written by Rav Natronai Goan holds that a zavah. Tosefta Megillah 1:11 explicitly holds that a Zavah doesn’t need a mayan. The Ramban Vayikra 15:11 points out that the simple explanation of the pesukim is that a zavah can’t go in a mikveh and needs a mayan but that isn’t the explanation of chazal. Rav Yakov Emden in Yavetz responsa 88 defends the teacher of Rashi by saying we don’t follow the Tosefta. See Aruch Lener Niddah 67a who provides another defense of this approach. Either way, this opinion was rejected by many poskim. Rambam Pirush Mishnayot Mikvaot 5:5 and Rosh ad loc. hold that a zavah doesn’t need a mayan. Bet Yosef YD 200:1 quotes the Rambam Mikveh 1:5, [https://beta.hebrewbooks.org/reader/reader.aspx?sfid=9023#p=73 Rashba (Shaar Hamayim 1)], Tur and Shulchan Aruch YD 200:1 conclude that a zavah is purified by a mikveh. The Bach 200:2 explains that really this opinion is only rabbinic and it is supported by Nedarim 40b. Either way, the Bach concludes that it was rejected by all of the poskim.</ref> | ||
# Tevilah of a niddah is from the Torah.<ref>Chulin 31a, Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 197:1. Rishonim Mikvaot (Miyulim Lhaarot Bahag 1) writes that although the text of Bahag implies that the tevilah of niddah is only derabbanan, this is impossible because Bahag later writes that it is learned from a hekesh. All the rishonim and achronim conclude that tevilah of niddah is from the Torah and either there is a mistake in the text of Bahag or he meant something else. They quote Anfei Yehuda who says that Bahag meant tevilah bizmano is only derabbanan and they suggest he means that tevilah of niddah in mayim chayaim is only derabbanan.</ref> | |||
==Mikveh== | ==Mikveh== | ||
