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| ==Which firstborns are obligated to fast?==
| | #REDIRECT [[Tanit Bechorot]] |
| # A firstborn of one’s mother or the firstborn of one’s father (or both) should fast on Erev Pesach. <Ref>S”A 470:1 </ref> | |
| # The minhag is that women don’t fast. <Ref>Rama 470:1, Mishna Brurah 470:4 </ref> However, Sephardic women who are firstborn should at least join in a Suedat Mitzvah in order to break the fast if possible. <Ref>S”A 470:1, Sh”t Yachava Daat 3:25, Sh”t Yabea Omer 4:42 </ref>
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| # Even a Levi or Cohen should fast. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 470:2 </ref>
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| # A groom within 7 days of the wedding doesn’t have to fast on Taanit Bechorot. <Ref>Kovetz MeBet Levi (Nissan 5761 pg 86) </ref>
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| # A father should fast in place of his son who is a firstborn but is under Bar Mitzvah, according to the minhag to listen to a siyum, the father should go to the siyum in place of his son. <Ref>Rama 470:2, Piskei Teshuvot 470:6, Yosef Daat (Dinei Chinuch 16:3) </ref>
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| ==Those who are unable to fast==
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| # If someone will only be able to eat a very small amount because of the fast and won’t be able to fulfill the מצות of Matzah and 4 cups of wine, one shouldn’t fast but just have snacks (and not a meal). <Ref>Mishna Brurah 470:2 </ref>
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| ==Tanti Bechorim on Friday and Shabbat==
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| # If Erev Pesach falls out on Shabbat, some say that one is not obligated to fast while others say that one should fast on Thursday and such is the minhag. <Ref>S”A and Rama 470:2 </ref>The minhag is to do a Siyum on Thursday and exempt oneself from the fast<Ref>Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:69 writes that it’s sufficient to make a Siyum on Thursaday and Piskei Teshuvot 470:4 writes that such is the minhag. Sh"t Yachava Daat 1:91 (and Chazon Ovadyah Pesach pg 100) writes that even though the strict law is that the firstborns are exempt it's preferable that they join in a siyum. </ref>, even those who fast Taanit Bechorot regular years. <Ref> Sh”t Elef Lecha Shlomo 1:386, </ref> Some say it’s preferable to make a siyum on Friday in addition to the one on Thursday. <Ref>Sh”t Teshuvot Vehanhagot 2:111, Sh”t Mishneh Halachot 7:65, Orchot Rabbenu (vol 2 pg 57) </ref>
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| # If Erev Pesach falls out on Friday the fast should take place on that day. <ref>Mishna Brurah 470:5, Chazon Ovadyah Pesach pg 101 (5763 edition, pg 117) </ref>
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| ==Minhag to join a Siyum==
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| # Many are lenient to join in a siyum and to hear the end of the Maasechet and the siyum and then join for the Seudat Mitzvah and break the fast the rest of the day. <ref>Mishna Brurah 470:10, Piskei Teshuvot 470:6, 8 based on Igrot Moshe 4:49, Maharsham 215, and Aruch HaShulchan 470:5</ref>
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| # Some say that it’s critical to understand the last piece of Gemara to join for the siyum, however, the minhag is to be lenient in any circumstance. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 470:10 </ref>
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| # Preferably after hearing the Siyum one should eat a KeBaytzah of Mezonot or bread as a meal for the Siyum, but some are lenient to allow breaking the fast for a siyum without eating there. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 470:11, Halichot Shlomo 8:1 </ref>
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| # If one learned an entire maasechet except for one paragraph it’s sufficient for a Siyum. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo 8:2 </ref>
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| ==References==
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| <references/>
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