Mourning and Fasting on Chanukah and Purim: Difference between revisions

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==Mourning and Fasting on Chanuka==
==Mourning and Fasting on Chanuka==
# If a relative passes away on [[Chanukah]] one must keep all the practices of [[Aveilut]], including [[ripping]] one’s clothing for the dead and comforting the mourner. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 670:12 writes that all agree that there is [[Aveilut]] on [[Chanukah]]. Yalkut Yosef (Moadim 192) agrees. </ref>  
# If a relative passes away on [[Chanukah]] one must keep all the practices of [[Aveilut]], including [[ripping]] one’s clothing for the dead and comforting the mourner.<Ref>Mishna Brurah 670:12 writes that all agree that there is [[Aveilut]] on [[Chanukah]]. Yalkut Yosef (Moadim 192) agrees. </ref>  
# One should not conduct a eulogy during [[Chanukah]] because [[Chanukah]] is a time of Simcha and [[Hallel]] and it is only permitted to conduct a eulogy for a Chacham on the day of death. <Ref> [[Shabbat]] 21b says that it’s forbidden to eulogize on [[Chanukah]]. However Megilah 3b and moed Katan 26b says for a Chacham it’s permitted on Moed and all the more so for [[Chanukah]]. S”A 670:3 rules this that it’s forbidden except for a Chacham. Mahariv, Magen Avraham (C”M 547) and Chaye Aam says nowadays we don’t have a Chacham. However the Maharamit, Birkei Yosef (C”M 15:2), Orach Mishpat 4:17 in name of Maharshal (Bava Kama 2), Nezirut Shimshon, Aruch HaShulchan, Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 135, and Sh”t Yabia Omer Y”D 9:46 allow it even nowadays.</ref> A teacher of Torah who set times to learn is considered a Chacham to eulogize on [[Chanukah]] during the Levayah. <Ref> Sh”t Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 135 and Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A 670:6). </ref>
# One should not conduct a eulogy during [[Chanukah]] because [[Chanukah]] is a time of Simcha and [[Hallel]] and it is only permitted to conduct a eulogy for a Chacham on the day of death.<Ref> [[Shabbat]] 21b says that it’s forbidden to eulogize on [[Chanukah]]. However Megilah 3b and moed Katan 26b says for a Chacham it’s permitted on Moed and all the more so for [[Chanukah]]. S”A 670:3 rules this that it’s forbidden except for a Chacham. Mahariv, Magen Avraham (C”M 547) and Chaye Aam says nowadays we don’t have a Chacham. However the Maharamit, Birkei Yosef (C”M 15:2), Orach Mishpat 4:17 in name of Maharshal (Bava Kama 2), Nezirut Shimshon, Aruch HaShulchan, Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 135, and Sh”t Yabia Omer Y”D 9:46 allow it even nowadays.</ref> A teacher of Torah who set times to learn is considered a Chacham to eulogize on [[Chanukah]] during the Levayah. <Ref> Sh”t Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 135 and Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A 670:6). </ref>
#  One is not allowed to fast on [[Chanukah]]. If one’s parent’s Yehrzheit falls out on [[Chanukah]] (according to those who fast for one’s parent’s yehrzeit) one should fast one of the days prior to [[Chanukah]]. <Ref> S”A 670:1 based on [[Shabbat]] 21b says it’s forbidden to fast on [[Chanukah]]. </ref>
#  One is not allowed to fast on [[Chanukah]]. If one’s parent’s Yehrzheit falls out on [[Chanukah]] (according to those who fast for one’s parent’s yehrzeit) one should fast one of the days prior to [[Chanukah]].<Ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 670:1 based on [[Shabbat]] 21b says it’s forbidden to fast on [[Chanukah]]. </ref>
# One is allowed to fast or do a eulogy the day before or after [[Chanukah]]. Some say that one should be strict not to fast the day before [[Chanukah]] Lechatchila. <Ref> S”A 686:1 based on Tosfot (Tanit 18) and Rosh (Megilah Perek Kama). However, Mishna Brurah 686:1 brings Bach and Pri [[Chadash]] that say one isn’t allowed to fast the day before [[Chanukah]]. Mishna Brurah 686:1 says that since it’s permitted to fast the day before and after [[Chanukah]] (S”A 686:1) one is allowed to do a eulogy because a eulogy is more lenient than a fast (Shaar Tzion 686:1). See further, Sh”t Har HaKarmel O”C 10, and Sh”t Divrei Moshe 1:37 </ref>   
# One is allowed to fast or do a eulogy the day before or after [[Chanukah]]. Some say that ideally one should be strict not to fast the day before [[Chanukah]].<Ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 686:1 based on Tosfot (Tanit 18) and Rosh (Megilah Perek Kama). However, Mishna Brurah 686:1 brings Bach and Pri [[Chadash]] that say one isn’t allowed to fast the day before [[Chanukah]]. Mishna Brurah 686:1 says that since it’s permitted to fast the day before and after [[Chanukah]] (Shulchan Aruch O.C. 686:1) one is allowed to do a eulogy because a eulogy is more lenient than a fast (Shaar Tzion 686:1). See further, Sh”t Har HaKarmel O”C 10, and Sh”t Divrei Moshe 1:37 </ref>   
# If one did fast on [[Chanukah]] one should make it up by fasting again after [[Chanukah]]. <Ref> S”A 568:5 </ref>
# If one did fast on [[Chanukah]] one should make it up by fasting again after [[Chanukah]].<Ref> Shulchan Aruch O.C. 568:5 </ref>
# One shouldn’t go to visit cemeteries during [[Chanukah]] (and especially [[Chol HaMoed]]) because it generates sadness and a eulogy of the deceased. One has what to rely on to visit the graves of Tzadikkim during [[Chanukah]] and [[Chol HaMoed]]. <Ref> Gesher HaChaim and Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 192) based on Bet Yosef (Y”D 344) who forbids going to cemeteries on [[Rosh Chodesh]]. Ben Ish Chai allows going to graves on Tzaddikim even on [[Chol HaMoed]] and Moed LeChol Chai argues that one shouldn’t go to the cemetery at all.</Ref>
===Visiting Cemeteries on Chanuka===
# Some have the Minhag not to say [[Kaddish]] for their parents on [[Chanukah]], however it’s a wrong Minhag and one should continue saying [[Kaddish]] even on [[Chanukah]]. <Ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg 193. </ref>
# One shouldn’t go to visit cemeteries during [[Chanukah]] (and especially [[Chol HaMoed]]) because it causes a person to grieve and eulogize the deceased. One has what to rely on to visit the graves of Tzadikkim during [[Chanukah]] and [[Chol HaMoed]].<Ref>Ben Ish Chai (Vayeshev n. 22) and Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 192) based on Bet Yosef (Y”D 344) who forbids going to cemeteries on [[Rosh Chodesh]]. Ben Ish Chai (Vayeshev n. 22) allows going to the graves of tzaddikim on chanuka (or even [[Chol HaMoed]]) and Moed LeChol Chai argues that one shouldn’t go to the cemetery at all on chanuka. Gesher HaChaim 29:6 (cited by Piskei Teshuvot 670:1) writes that the minhag today is to go to the cemetery even for the grave of a relative on chanuka. Or Letzion 4:41:3 in fnt seems to permit following the Gesher Hachaim here.</Ref>
===Saying Kaddish on Chanuka===
# Some have the Minhag not to say [[Kaddish]] for their parents on [[Chanukah]], however it’s a wrong Minhag and one should continue saying [[Kaddish]] even on [[Chanukah]].<Ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg 193. </ref>


==Permitted and Forbidden activities on Chanuka==
# There is a long standing practice that women wouldn’t do work during the half hour that the candles are lit. The practice is meant to highlight the fact that we don’t use the light of the candles for our benefit. One shouldn’t be lenient in this practice except for Ochel Nefesh needs for food such as [[cooking]] and baking. <ref> This practice is brought down by Tur and S”A (670:1), Aruch Hashulchan 670:8. Mor Ukesiah 670 explains that the practice is to show that it’s forbidden to use the light of the candles. The Taz 670:2 says that the custom is similar to their custom of abstaining from melacha on [[Rosh Chodesh]]. The basis for the custom on [[Rosh Chodesh]] is that the women did not participate in the sin of the Golden Calf so they were rewarded with the [[Rosh Chodesh]]. Similarly, since the miracle of [[Chanukah]] was brought about through the heroic actions of Yehudis, it is a worthy custom for women to commemorate this by abstaining from melacha. Chayei Adam [[Chanukah]] 154:3 also mentions the story of Yehudit as the basis for this custom. Eliyah Raba 670:2, Derech Chaim, Lekutei Mahrich Kaf HaChaim 670:8, and Mishna Brurah 670:4 say that it’s only forbidden during the half hour of lighting which is a mitzvah against the Magen Avraham 670:2 in name of the Maglei Tzedek who says that it applies as long as the candles are lit. Sh”t Kinyan Torah 7:52 writes if it forbidden for melacha by comparing the time to [[Yom tov]] melachot which are permitted on [[Yom Tov]] are permitted. This is also the opinion of Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 190) </ref>
# Some had the Minhag not to do any work on [[Chanukah]] but this is a wrong Minhag and should be stopped because leads to excessive idleness. <Ref> So says Shiltei Giborim and Sh”t Chacham Tzvi 89 brought down by Mishna Burah 670:5 and Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A 670:3). </ref>
==Mourning and Fasting on Purim==
==Mourning and Fasting on Purim==
# Even though Purim is a joyous occasion it doesn't cancel aveilut.<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 401:7</ref>
# Even though Purim is a joyous occasion it doesn't cancel aveilut.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 401:7</ref>
# Someone in shiva on Purim doesn't observe aveilut publically but does so private like he would on Shabbat ([[Aveilut on Shabbat]]).<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 401:7. Shach 401:4 writes that there is a contradiction in Shulchan Aruch between YD and OC and he concludes that we follow what it says in YD that there is no aveilut on Purim except in private.</ref>
# Someone in shiva on Purim doesn't observe aveilut publicly but does so private like he would on Shabbat ([[Aveilut on Shabbat]]).<ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 401:7. Shach 401:4 writes that there is a contradiction in Shulchan Aruch between YD and OC and he concludes that we follow what it says in YD that there is no aveilut on Purim except in private.</ref>
# A mourner for 12 months for a parent or month for other relatives does give Mishloach Manot on Purim but he should only give a few and only give meal type foods and not candies.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 696:6 writes that a mourner should give mishloach manot. Mishna Brurah 696:20 adds that he shouldn't send fun things, instead he should send money or meat. Chazon Ovadia p. 193 agrees. Nitai Gavriel 78:10 writes that he shouldn't give more than a two or three mishloach manot.</ref>
# It is forbidden to send Mishloach Manot to someone who is in aveilut for the duration of the 12 months for a parent or thirty days of another relative.<ref>Rama 696:6. Mishna Brurah 696:20 explains that the reason it is forbidden is because it is forbidden to greet the mourner within the 12 months of mourning a parent so too it is forbidden to send them a gift.</ref> Many are lenient to send Mishloach Manot after the first thirty days for someone mourning a parent.<ref>Gesher Hachaim 1:21:7:10 based on the minhag of greeting a mourner during the 12 months.</ref> Sephardim hold it is permitted to send mishloach manot to a mourner.<ref>Chazon Ovadia Purim p. 193 writes that since Shulchan Aruch YD 401:7 writes there's no mourner on Purim he can even receive Mishloach Manot. Chazon Ovadia Avelut v. 2 p. 251 reiterates this point.</ref>
# If a woman is in mourning it is permitted for the friends of the husband to send him Mishloach Manot since he's not in mourning.<ref>Chazon Ovadia p. 194</ref>
# The poskim permit sending mishloach manot to a rabbi when is in mourning on Purim since it isn't a sign of friendship.<Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 696:10 citing Teshuvot Vehanhagot 1:692, Divrei Malkiel 237</ref>


==Related pages==
==Related pages==
# See also [[Mourning]].
# See also [[Mourning]].
==Links==
* [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/56810 Yalkut Yosef Hilchot Chanukah (Hebrew 5773)]
==Sources==
==Sources==
<references/>
<references/>

Latest revision as of 15:04, 24 October 2021

Mourning and Fasting on Chanuka

  1. If a relative passes away on Chanukah one must keep all the practices of Aveilut, including ripping one’s clothing for the dead and comforting the mourner.[1]
  2. One should not conduct a eulogy during Chanukah because Chanukah is a time of Simcha and Hallel and it is only permitted to conduct a eulogy for a Chacham on the day of death.[2] A teacher of Torah who set times to learn is considered a Chacham to eulogize on Chanukah during the Levayah. [3]
  3. One is not allowed to fast on Chanukah. If one’s parent’s Yehrzheit falls out on Chanukah (according to those who fast for one’s parent’s yehrzeit) one should fast one of the days prior to Chanukah.[4]
  4. One is allowed to fast or do a eulogy the day before or after Chanukah. Some say that ideally one should be strict not to fast the day before Chanukah.[5]
  5. If one did fast on Chanukah one should make it up by fasting again after Chanukah.[6]

Visiting Cemeteries on Chanuka

  1. One shouldn’t go to visit cemeteries during Chanukah (and especially Chol HaMoed) because it causes a person to grieve and eulogize the deceased. One has what to rely on to visit the graves of Tzadikkim during Chanukah and Chol HaMoed.[7]

Saying Kaddish on Chanuka

  1. Some have the Minhag not to say Kaddish for their parents on Chanukah, however it’s a wrong Minhag and one should continue saying Kaddish even on Chanukah.[8]

Mourning and Fasting on Purim

  1. Even though Purim is a joyous occasion it doesn't cancel aveilut.[9]
  2. Someone in shiva on Purim doesn't observe aveilut publicly but does so private like he would on Shabbat (Aveilut on Shabbat).[10]
  3. A mourner for 12 months for a parent or month for other relatives does give Mishloach Manot on Purim but he should only give a few and only give meal type foods and not candies.[11]
  4. It is forbidden to send Mishloach Manot to someone who is in aveilut for the duration of the 12 months for a parent or thirty days of another relative.[12] Many are lenient to send Mishloach Manot after the first thirty days for someone mourning a parent.[13] Sephardim hold it is permitted to send mishloach manot to a mourner.[14]
  5. If a woman is in mourning it is permitted for the friends of the husband to send him Mishloach Manot since he's not in mourning.[15]
  6. The poskim permit sending mishloach manot to a rabbi when is in mourning on Purim since it isn't a sign of friendship.[16]

Related pages

  1. See also Mourning.

Links

Sources

  1. ↑ Mishna Brurah 670:12 writes that all agree that there is Aveilut on Chanukah. Yalkut Yosef (Moadim 192) agrees.
  2. ↑ Shabbat 21b says that it’s forbidden to eulogize on Chanukah. However Megilah 3b and moed Katan 26b says for a Chacham it’s permitted on Moed and all the more so for Chanukah. S”A 670:3 rules this that it’s forbidden except for a Chacham. Mahariv, Magen Avraham (C”M 547) and Chaye Aam says nowadays we don’t have a Chacham. However the Maharamit, Birkei Yosef (C”M 15:2), Orach Mishpat 4:17 in name of Maharshal (Bava Kama 2), Nezirut Shimshon, Aruch HaShulchan, Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 135, and Sh”t Yabia Omer Y”D 9:46 allow it even nowadays.
  3. ↑ Sh”t Shaar Shlomo Zorafa 135 and Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A 670:6).
  4. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 670:1 based on Shabbat 21b says it’s forbidden to fast on Chanukah.
  5. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 686:1 based on Tosfot (Tanit 18) and Rosh (Megilah Perek Kama). However, Mishna Brurah 686:1 brings Bach and Pri Chadash that say one isn’t allowed to fast the day before Chanukah. Mishna Brurah 686:1 says that since it’s permitted to fast the day before and after Chanukah (Shulchan Aruch O.C. 686:1) one is allowed to do a eulogy because a eulogy is more lenient than a fast (Shaar Tzion 686:1). See further, Sh”t Har HaKarmel O”C 10, and Sh”t Divrei Moshe 1:37
  6. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 568:5
  7. ↑ Ben Ish Chai (Vayeshev n. 22) and Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 192) based on Bet Yosef (Y”D 344) who forbids going to cemeteries on Rosh Chodesh. Ben Ish Chai (Vayeshev n. 22) allows going to the graves of tzaddikim on chanuka (or even Chol HaMoed) and Moed LeChol Chai argues that one shouldn’t go to the cemetery at all on chanuka. Gesher HaChaim 29:6 (cited by Piskei Teshuvot 670:1) writes that the minhag today is to go to the cemetery even for the grave of a relative on chanuka. Or Letzion 4:41:3 in fnt seems to permit following the Gesher Hachaim here.
  8. ↑ Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg 193.
  9. ↑ Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 401:7
  10. ↑ Shulchan Aruch YD 401:7. Shach 401:4 writes that there is a contradiction in Shulchan Aruch between YD and OC and he concludes that we follow what it says in YD that there is no aveilut on Purim except in private.
  11. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 696:6 writes that a mourner should give mishloach manot. Mishna Brurah 696:20 adds that he shouldn't send fun things, instead he should send money or meat. Chazon Ovadia p. 193 agrees. Nitai Gavriel 78:10 writes that he shouldn't give more than a two or three mishloach manot.
  12. ↑ Rama 696:6. Mishna Brurah 696:20 explains that the reason it is forbidden is because it is forbidden to greet the mourner within the 12 months of mourning a parent so too it is forbidden to send them a gift.
  13. ↑ Gesher Hachaim 1:21:7:10 based on the minhag of greeting a mourner during the 12 months.
  14. ↑ Chazon Ovadia Purim p. 193 writes that since Shulchan Aruch YD 401:7 writes there's no mourner on Purim he can even receive Mishloach Manot. Chazon Ovadia Avelut v. 2 p. 251 reiterates this point.
  15. ↑ Chazon Ovadia p. 194
  16. ↑ Piskei Teshuvot 696:10 citing Teshuvot Vehanhagot 1:692, Divrei Malkiel 237
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