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| ==Preparation for Pesach== | | ==Preparing for Pesach== |
| # Thirty days before [[Pesach]] one should start learning the halachot of [[Pesach]].<ref>In Gemara Pesachim 6a, Rabbanan hold that one should begin to learn Hilchot [[Pesach]] thirty days in advance of [[Pesach]], whereas Rabban Shimon Ben Gamliel holds only 2 weeks. Rabbanan learn this idea from Moshe who taught the laws of [[Pesach]] Sheni thirty days in advance which was [[Pesach]] in Nissan. Shulchan Aruch 429:1 rules like the opinion of the Rabbanan. Mishna Brurah 429:2 writes that it begins on [[Purim]] and it’s an obligation upon each individual to learn the Halachot of [[Pesach]] in this time. </ref> The 30 days begin from [[Purim]] itself.<ref> Mishna Brurah 429:2. Chazon Ovadyah ([[Pesach]] pg 1) agrees that the thirty days before [[Pesach]] begins on [[Purim]] itself. Nonetheless, he adds that if someone has a question about [[Pesach]] and someone has a question about [[Purim]], the question about [[Purim]] takes precedence.</ref> All the more so, on the holiday itself one should learn the halachot of [[Pesach]].<ref> Gemara [[Megillah]] 32b states that on [[Pesach]] itself, one should learn the halachot of [[Pesach]] on [[Pesach]]. Mishna Brurah 429:1 and Chazon Ovadyah ([[Pesach]] pg 1) quote this as halacha as opposed to Shulchan Aruch HaRav 429:4 who writes that on the holiday itself the Rabbi should speak about the topic of the day, meaning the miracle that occurred and Aggadah because the halachot are easily found in books.</ref> | | # One should begin to ask and discuss the Halachot of Pesach thirty days beforehand including Purim day. <Ref>S”A 429:1 writes that 30 days before Pesach we begin to ask and discuss the holiday of Pesach. Mishna Brurah 429:2 writes that it begins on Purim and it’s an obligation upon each individual to learn the Halachot of Pesach in this time. </ref> |
| # This doesn't mean that a talmid chacham should stop his regular learning to learn halacha of the upcoming holiday, but rather it means that a question about hilchot [[pesach]] is given precedence to questions not about [[pesach]].<ref>Yabea Omer 2:22, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Pesach]] pg 1) explains that the halacha in Gemara Pesachim 6a is relevant in regards to the laws established in Tosefta Sanhedrin 7:5 which state that a person should ask relevant questions and a relevant question has precedence over the irrelevant questions. Bach 429 writes that this obligation applies even to somebody who has learnt it in the past, because he should refresh his memory. </ref>
| | ==Tachanun, Fasting, and eulogies== |
| # Also it is very important for the (local) Rabbi to give [[shiurim]] informing people of the halachot of [[Pesach]]. <ref>Mishna Brurah in Shaar HaTziyun 429:5 points out that the primary teaching on the holiday itself should be halacha and not just the idea of the day. Chazon Ovadyah ([[Pesach]] pg 1) writes that it's important for the (local) Rabbi to give [[shiurim]] about hilchot [[pesach]]. See Kaf HaChaim 429:3 who speaks about the importance of these drashot of the Rabbi and how they should include halacha.</ref>
| | # There’s no Tachanun, no fasts, or eulogies during the month of Nissan. <Ref>S”A 429:2. Mishna Brurah 429:9 adds that the minhag Ashkenaz was for even individuals not to fast during Nissan. </ref> |
| | | # One shouldn’t fast for a Yehetzeit during the month of Nissan. <Ref>Rama 429:2 </ref> |
| ==Tachanun, Fasting, and Eulogies== | | # A bride and groom the day of their wedding may fast during Nissan even on Rosh Chodesh Nissan. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 429:10, Halichot Shlomo (Moadim vol 1, 2:3) </ref> |
| # There's no [[Tachanun]] for the entire month of Nissan. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 429:2 writes that there's no [[Tachanun]] for the entire month of Nissan. Mishan Brurah 429:7 explains that since the Nesiyim (in Bamidbar 7) brought the [[Korbanot]] for the first 12 days of Nissan, the days were considered a [[Yom Tov]] for them. Then [[Erev Pesach]], [[Pesach]], and [[Issru Chag]] are connected to [[Pesach]]. Altogether since most of the month is related to [[Kedusha]] it's all considered Kodesh. Chazon Ovadyah (pg 2) adds that the celebration of the building of the third Bet Hamikdash, which will occur in Nissan and in particular on [[Pesach]], will extend for another week after [[Pesach]]. This is also brought down in Shu"t Chatam Sofer 103. </ref> | |
| # According to Ashkenazim, one shouldn’t fast during Nissan; even an individual who has Yehrzheit shouldn’t fast during Nissan. <Ref>Rama 429:2 </ref> However, according to Sephardim, one shouldn’t establish a communal fast during Nissan. However, an individual is permitted to fast, such as for a Yehrzheit during Nissan, except on [[Pesach]] and [[Rosh Chodesh]]. <Ref>S”A 429:2, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Pesach]] pg 5-7). Or Le’sion (vol. 3, 5:1). </ref>
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| # There aren't supposed to be communal fasts or eulogies during the month of Nissan. <Ref>S”A 429:2. Mishna Brurah 429:9 adds that the minhag Ashkenaz was for even individuals not to fast during Nissan. </ref>
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| # A bride and groom the day of their wedding may fast during Nissan even on [[Rosh Chodesh]] Nissan. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 429:10, Halichot Shlomo (Moadim vol 1, 2:3) </ref> | |
| # It’s permissible to fast a Tanit Chalom, a fast made to rectify a bad dream, during Nissan. <Ref>Rama 429:10 </ref> | | # It’s permissible to fast a Tanit Chalom, a fast made to rectify a bad dream, during Nissan. <Ref>Rama 429:10 </ref> |
| | | ==Maot Chitim== |
| | # It’s proper to give Maot Chitim, charity to the poor in order that they have money for Matzah on Pesach. <Ref>Rama 429:1. Mishna Brurah 429:6 emphasizes the significance of the obligation. </ref> |
| | # It’s permissible to give Maot Chitim from money of Maaser Kesafim, a tith of one’s money. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (Moadim vol 1, 2:2) </ref> |
| ==Parshat HaNesiyim== | | ==Parshat HaNesiyim== |
| # During the first 13 days of Nissan, there is a nice minhag, for the first 12 days to read the Parsha of the Nesiyim for that day (found in Bamidbar 7), and on the 13th day to read the first four pesukim of Parshat Bahalotcha. <ref>Shulchan Aruch HaRav 429:15, Kaf HaChaim 429:22, Chazon Ovadyah (pg 3), Mishna Brurah 429:8. However, the Aruch Hashulchan (429:7) writes that on the 13th day of Nissan, one should begin a few pesukim ealier, from "Vezot chanukat" (Bamidbar 7:10) </ref> The minhag is to read it from a chumash. <Ref> Perisha YD 270:7 writes that since nowadays writing down Torah SheBaal Peh is treated as though it’s permitted and that we don’t learn from nuances in the text, one shouldn’t degrade the holiness of a [[Sefer Torah]] to learn from it, but rather one should learn from a sefer. Chazon Ovadyah ([[Pesach]] pg 4) argues that this is only according to the Shach’s explanation of the Rosh that nowadays there’s no mitzvah to write a [[Sefer Torah]] and the primary mitzvah is to write sefarim. However, according to the Bet Yosef’s explanation of the Rosh that even nowadays there’s a mitzvah to write a [[Sefer Torah]], then it seems one may learn from a [[Sefer Torah]] and there’s no issue of degrading its holiness. He supports this from the Radvaz 3:529 who recommends reading [[Shenayim Mikrah]] from a [[Sefer Torah]]. Chazon Ovadyah (pg 3) concludes that the minhag is to read it from a chumash. </ref> | | # It’s proper to read the פרשה of the Nisiyim on the first twelve days of Nissan and on the thirteenth to read Parshat BaHalotcha until Ken Assa Et HaMenorah. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 429:8 </ref> |
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| ==Maot Chitim==
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| # It’s proper to give Maot Chitim, [[charity]] to the poor in order that they have money for [[Matzah]] on [[Pesach]]. <Ref>Rama 429:1. Mishna Brurah 429:6 and Shaar Hatziyun 429:10 emphasizes the significance of the obligation. </ref>
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| # It’s permissible to give Maot Chitim from money of Maaser Kesafim, a tith of one’s money. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (Moadim vol 1, 2:2), since there is no set amount that must be given and it isn't considered a a total obligation. </ref>
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| ==Shabbat Hagadol==
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| see [[Shabbat HaGadol]]
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| ==Birkat Ilanot== | | ==Birkat Ilanot== |
| See the [[Birkat Ilanot]] page. | | See the [[Birkat Ilanot]] page. |
| | | ==References== |
| ==Links== | |
| * [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/54541 Yalkut Yosef Hilchot Pesach vol. 1 (Hebrew, 5775)]
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| * [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/810712/Rabbi_Ezra_Schwartz/Practices_of_Nissan Practices of Nissan] by Rabbi Ezra Schwartz
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| * [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/760192/Rabbi_Moshe_D_Tendler/Halachos_for_the_Month_of_Nissan Halachos for the Month of Nissan] by Rabbi Moshe D. Tendler
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| ==Sources==
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| <references/> | | <references/> |
| [[Category:Pesach]]
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| [[Category:Holidays]]
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| {{Pesach}}
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