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Simchat Yom Tov: Difference between revisions
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=== Explanation === | === Explanation === | ||
# Why is there an obligation to eat bread on Shabbat and Yom Tov? Is there an obligation to eat a bread meal on Chol Hamoed? | # Why is there an obligation to eat bread on Shabbat and Yom Tov? Is there an obligation to eat a bread meal on Chol Hamoed?<ref>See [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_r4Fu2E-hr6v8RRUb7-VnMAnv7dSdkiTwTOiAtHEnvo/edit?usp=sharing Mareh Makomos here].</ref> | ||
#Rashba understands that there's an obligation to eat bread on Shabbat because of Oneg Shabbat, but there's no obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov, besides the first night of Sukkot and Pesach. Accordingly, there is no obligation to eat bread on Chol Hamoed. <ref>Rashba (Brachot 49b s.v. tefila and Teshuvot 3:287) writes that the obligation to eat bread meals on Shabbat is because of oneg Shabbat, but oneg does not apply to Yom Tov. It is clear that it also does not apply to Chol Hamoed since it doesn’t apply to Yom Tov either. Rabbi Akiva Eiger (teshuva 1 in hashmatot) takes a similar approach where he says that eating bread meals on Shabbat and Yom Tov is based on kavod Shabbat and Yom Tov and does not apply to Chol Hamoed. Tosfot (Sukkah 27a s.v. iy) also hold that there’s no obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov. See Yachava Daat 5:36 who elaborates on the view of Rashba.</ref> | #Rashba understands that there's an obligation to eat bread on Shabbat because of Oneg Shabbat, but there's no obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov, besides the first night of Sukkot and Pesach. Accordingly, there is no obligation to eat bread on Chol Hamoed. <ref>Rashba (Brachot 49b s.v. tefila and Teshuvot 3:287) writes that the obligation to eat bread meals on Shabbat is because of oneg Shabbat, but oneg does not apply to Yom Tov. It is clear that it also does not apply to Chol Hamoed since it doesn’t apply to Yom Tov either. Maharal (Chidushei Agadot Shabbat 117b) agrees. Rabbi Akiva Eiger (teshuva 1 in hashmatot) takes a similar approach where he says that eating bread meals on Shabbat and Yom Tov is based on kavod Shabbat and Yom Tov and does not apply to Chol Hamoed. Tosfot (Sukkah 27a s.v. iy) also hold that there’s no obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov. See Yachava Daat 5:36 who elaborates on the view of Rashba.</ref> | ||
#However, Rosh argues that there is an obligation to eat bread on Yom Tov because of the mitzvah of simcha. According to this, seemingly, there is an obligation to eat two bread meals on Chol Hamoed.<ref>However, Rosh (Brachot 7:23) writes that the obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov is because of simchat Yom Tov. Accordingly, it makes sense that he would be obligated to eat bread meals every day of Chol Hamoed. This opinion is found in Rabbenu Yerucham (Netiv 4 Chelek 2, Netiv 8 Chelek 2) who quotes some who obligate eating two bread meals each day of Chol Hamoed. (Tosfot Harosh Brachot 49b s.v. shabatot, Tosfot Rabbenu Peretz Sukkah 27a s.v. iy, Baal Hamoer Pesachim 18b, and Levush 188:7 agree with Rosh that meals on Yom Tov are based on simcha. Raah (Brachot 49b) and Ritva (Sukkah 27a s.v. ha and Beitzah 15b) also seem to agree with Rosh. All of these rishonim hold that there’s an obligation to eat two meals of bread every Yom Tov.)</ref> | #However, Rosh argues that there is an obligation to eat bread on Yom Tov because of the mitzvah of simcha. According to this, seemingly, there is an obligation to eat two bread meals on Chol Hamoed.<ref>However, Rosh (Brachot 7:23) writes that the obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov is because of simchat Yom Tov. Accordingly, it makes sense that he would be obligated to eat bread meals every day of Chol Hamoed. This opinion is found in Rabbenu Yerucham (Netiv 4 Chelek 2, Netiv 8 Chelek 2) who quotes some who obligate eating two bread meals each day of Chol Hamoed. (Tosfot Harosh Brachot 49b s.v. shabatot, Tosfot Rabbenu Peretz Sukkah 27a s.v. iy, Baal Hamoer Pesachim 18b, and Levush 188:7 agree with Rosh that meals on Yom Tov are based on simcha. Raah (Brachot 49b) and Ritva (Sukkah 27a s.v. ha and Beitzah 15b) also seem to agree with Rosh. All of these rishonim hold that there’s an obligation to eat two meals of bread every Yom Tov.)</ref> | ||
#A third approach that is accepted by Shulchan Aruch and Magen Avraham, there is an obligation to eat two bread meals on Yom Tov, but no obligation of Chol Hamoed. The reason for this approach is that the obligation to eat bread stems from Oneg Shabbat or Oneg Yom Tov, but Chol Hamoed doesn't have any mitzvah of Oneg.<ref>Rambam’s opinion is unclear. Rabbenu Yerucham (Netiv 8 Chelek 2) writes that Rambam (Sukkah 6:7) holds that there’s no obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov besides the first night of Pesach and Sukkot. According to this, Rambam would agree with Rashba. However, there is evidence from Rambam (Brachot 2:12 and Shabbat 30:9) that clearly implies that there is an obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov. | #A third approach that is accepted by Shulchan Aruch and Magen Avraham, there is an obligation to eat two bread meals on Yom Tov, but no obligation of Chol Hamoed. The reason for this approach is that the obligation to eat bread stems from Oneg Shabbat or Oneg Yom Tov, but Chol Hamoed doesn't have any mitzvah of Oneg.<ref>Rambam’s opinion is unclear. Rabbenu Yerucham (Netiv 8 Chelek 2) writes that Rambam (Sukkah 6:7) holds that there’s no obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov besides the first night of Pesach and Sukkot. According to this, Rambam would agree with Rashba. However, there is evidence from Rambam (Brachot 2:12 and Shabbat 30:9) that clearly implies that there is an obligation to eat bread meals on Yom Tov. | ||
