Yom Kippur That Falls out on Shabbat: Difference between revisions

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== Do we recite Kiddush or Eat Shabbat Meals? ==
== Do we recite Kiddush or Eat Shabbat Meals? ==


# Kiddush is not recited on Yom Kippur even when it falls out on Shabbat.<ref>Chazon Ovadia p. 270</ref>
# Kiddush is not recited on Yom Kippur even when it falls out on Shabbat.<ref>Magen Avraham 618:10, Or Same'ach (Yom Hakippurim 4:1), Chazon Ovadia p. 270</ref> Although the obligation of Kiddish on Yom Kippur is from the Torah, just like it is on Shabbat, one fulfills that mitzvah with his davening. It would be forbidden to drink wine or anything for Kiddush since it is forbidden from the Torah to eat or drink on Yom Kippur.<ref>Chatom Sofer 271:1 writes that even if Kiddish of Yom Tov is derabbanan (Magen Avraham 271:1) the Kiddish of Yom Kippur is from the Torah. His proof is Rashi Shevuot 13a. He explains that fundamentally Yom Kippur and Shabbat share the same type of kedusha and both require Kiddish from the Torah. Nonetheless, he writes that one fulfills this mitzvah with his davening.</ref>
# Everyone should have in mind during Arvit of Yom Kippur that the bracha of מקדש השבת וישראל ויום הכפורים should fulfill his obligation of kiddush.<ref>Chazon Ovadia p. 270, Yalkut Yosef 619:19</ref>
# Everyone should have in mind during Arvit of Yom Kippur that the bracha of מקדש השבת וישראל ויום הכפורים should fulfill his obligation of kiddush.<ref>Chatom Sofer 271:1, Chazon Ovadia p. 270, Yalkut Yosef 619:19</ref>
# It is certainly forbidden to eat Shabbat meals on Yom Kippur that falls out on Shabbat. There is a discussion whether someone who is sick and must eat on Yom Kippur or a child who is eating on Yom Kippur should eat Shabbat meals or not. There isn't a clear conclusion in the poskim, though it seems that there is not an obligation to have such meal.<ref>Rabbi Avraham Dirnfeld (Machon Horah Umishpat v. 12 pp. 6-17) discusses this question and says that it depends on the dispute between Rabbi Akiva Eiger and Mishna Brurah regarding Kiddush. </ref>
# It is certainly forbidden to eat Shabbat meals on Yom Kippur that falls out on Shabbat. There is a discussion whether someone who is sick and must eat on Yom Kippur or a child who is eating on Yom Kippur should eat Shabbat meals or not. It seems from the ''poskim'' that there is not an obligation to have such a meal.<ref>Rabbi Avraham Dirnfeld (Machon Horah Umishpat v. 12 pp. 6-17) discusses this question and says that it depends on the dispute between Rabbi Akiva Eiger and Mishna Brurah regarding Kiddush. It seems from his conclusion that there is no obligation to have Shabbat meals. This also seems to be the opinion of Or Same'ach (Yom Hakippurim 4:1) that a sick person who eats on Yom Kippur that falls out on Shabbat doesn't eat  Shabbat meals or make kiddush. </ref>


== Changes in Davening ==
== Changes in Davening ==

Revision as of 13:55, 10 October 2024

Lighting Candles

  1. Many recite a bracha when lighting candles for Yom Kippur,[1] however, some communities light without a bracha. However, when Yom Kippur falls out on Shabbat everyone agrees that a bracha is recited.[2]

Do we recite Kiddush or Eat Shabbat Meals?

  1. Kiddush is not recited on Yom Kippur even when it falls out on Shabbat.[3] Although the obligation of Kiddish on Yom Kippur is from the Torah, just like it is on Shabbat, one fulfills that mitzvah with his davening. It would be forbidden to drink wine or anything for Kiddush since it is forbidden from the Torah to eat or drink on Yom Kippur.[4]
  2. Everyone should have in mind during Arvit of Yom Kippur that the bracha of מקדש השבת וישראל ויום הכפורים should fulfill his obligation of kiddush.[5]
  3. It is certainly forbidden to eat Shabbat meals on Yom Kippur that falls out on Shabbat. There is a discussion whether someone who is sick and must eat on Yom Kippur or a child who is eating on Yom Kippur should eat Shabbat meals or not. It seems from the poskim that there is not an obligation to have such a meal.[6]

Changes in Davening

  1. If Yom Kippur falls out on Shabbat, Vayichulu and Meeyn Sheva is recited like a regular Shabbat.[7] In Meeyn Shabbat the words האל הקדוש שאין כמוהו (hael hakadosh shein kamohu) are replaced with המלך הקדוש שאין כמוהו (hamelech hakadosh shein kamohu.)[8]
  2. In shemona esrei of Neilah, Shabbat is mentioned.[9]
  3. Someone who is not fasting may receive an aliyah at mincha of Yom Kippur that falls out on Shabbat, but not for shelishi, maftir yonah.[10]
  4. Ashkenazim do not recite צדקתך or אבינו מלכנו on Yom Kippur that falls out on Shabbat, however, Sephardim recite it as they would on a regular Yom Kippur.[11]

Do we say Kabbalat Shabbat on Friday night if it is Yom Kippur?

  1. When Yom Kippur falls out on Shabbat kabbalat Shabbat is not recited. Nonetheless, Mizmor Shel Lyom Hashabbat is recited.[12]
  2. Bameh Madlikin is not recited on Yom Kippur that falls out on Shabbat.[13]

Melacha and Preparing for after Yom Kippur

  1. The gemara permits certain activities of preparing food on Yom Kippur from mincha time for after the fast. However, the minhag is not to rely on this leniency. Either way, gemara and halacha forbids doing such preparation on Yom Kippur that falls out on Shabbat.[14]

Is Havdalah the Same?

  1. According to Sephardim, besamim is not recited during havdalah of Yom Kippur even if Yom Kippur falls out on Shabbat. Nonetheless, it is proper to recite besamim and smell besamim after completing the whole havdalah.[15]
  2. Borei Meorei Haesh may be recited upon a candle that was lit after Yom Kippur if he doesn't have one that was lit from before Yom KIppur.[16]

Sources

  1. ↑ Chazon Ovadia p. 256
  2. ↑ Rabbi Eli Mansour writes that although the Syrian minhag is not to recite the bracha for Yom Kippur candles, when Yom Kippur falls out on Shabbat everyone agrees that a bracha is recited. See Pesachim 53b for the background to this discussion.
  3. ↑ Magen Avraham 618:10, Or Same'ach (Yom Hakippurim 4:1), Chazon Ovadia p. 270
  4. ↑ Chatom Sofer 271:1 writes that even if Kiddish of Yom Tov is derabbanan (Magen Avraham 271:1) the Kiddish of Yom Kippur is from the Torah. His proof is Rashi Shevuot 13a. He explains that fundamentally Yom Kippur and Shabbat share the same type of kedusha and both require Kiddish from the Torah. Nonetheless, he writes that one fulfills this mitzvah with his davening.
  5. ↑ Chatom Sofer 271:1, Chazon Ovadia p. 270, Yalkut Yosef 619:19
  6. ↑ Rabbi Avraham Dirnfeld (Machon Horah Umishpat v. 12 pp. 6-17) discusses this question and says that it depends on the dispute between Rabbi Akiva Eiger and Mishna Brurah regarding Kiddush. It seems from his conclusion that there is no obligation to have Shabbat meals. This also seems to be the opinion of Or Same'ach (Yom Hakippurim 4:1) that a sick person who eats on Yom Kippur that falls out on Shabbat doesn't eat Shabbat meals or make kiddush.
  7. ↑ Siddur Rav Amram Goan (Arvit of Yom Kippur)
  8. ↑ Chazon Ovadia p. 271
  9. ↑ Gemara Shabbat 24b, Siddur Rav Amram Goan (Arvit of Yom Kippur), Or Zaruah 2:327, Shulchan Aruch O.C. 623:3
  10. ↑ Meishiv Nefesh (Moadim p. 112) quoting Marcheshet 1:14:3
  11. ↑ Shulchan Aruch and Rama O.C. 622:3
  12. ↑ Chazon Ovadia p. 267, Yalkut Yosef 619:6
  13. ↑ Mor Ukesiah 270:3
  14. ↑ Gemara Shabbat 115a, Orchot Chaim (Yom Hakippurim), Shulchan Aruch O.C. 611:2, Mishna Brurah 611:8, Kaf Hachaim 611:15. Mishna Brurah and Kaf Hachaim explain that the rabbis forbade this lest a person make a mistake and permit it on Shabbat on other occasions.
  15. ↑ Shulchan Aruch O.C. 624:3, Chazon Ovadia p. 384
  16. ↑ Meiri Brachot 53b, Chazon Ovadia p. 383-4
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