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There is a positive Biblical commandment to repent and admit one's sins (Vidduy).<ref>Rambam (Sefer HaMitzvot Asin 73), Rambam (Introduction to Hilchot [[Teshuva]])</ref>
There is a positive biblical commandment to repent and admit one's sins (Vidduy).<ref>Rambam (Sefer HaMitzvot Asin 73), Rambam (Introduction to Hilchot Teshuva)</ref>
==General==
==General==
# Even though there is important and effective to perform repentance all year round, during the [[Aseret Yemei Teshuva]] there is an additional aspect of having one's [[Teshuva]] accepted by Hashem immediately. <ref>Rambam ([[Teshuva]] 2:6)</ref>
 
#Even though there is important and effective to perform repentance all year round, during the [[Aseret Yemei Teshuva]] there is an additional aspect of having one's Teshuva accepted by Hashem immediately. <ref>Rambam (Teshuva 2:6)</ref>
#One who has transgressed a particular sin multiple times, or even someone who has become a habitual sinner in regard to a particular sin, should not give up hope, as Teshuva is still possible to attain. <ref>Rambam Hilchos Teshuva Perek 4:6 </ref>
 
==Procedure==
 
#If a person sinned, whether it be a positive command or a negative command - whether willingly or inadvertently - when he repents, and returns from his sin, he must confess before Hashem, as it states (במדבר ה:ו-ז) : "If a man or a woman commit any of the sins of man... they must confess the sin that they committed." This refers to a verbal confession. This confession is a positive command.<ref>Rambam Teshuva 1:1</ref>
#How does one confess: He states: "I implore You, God, I sinned, I transgressed, I committed sins before You by doing the following. Behold, I regret and am embarrassed for my deeds. I promise never to repeat this act again."<ref>Rambam Teshuva 1:1</ref>
#The essential parts of תשובה are admitting the sin, regretting it, and promising never to do it again. Each part of Teshuvah has an effect, even without the other parts e.g. regretting the past without promising for the future.<ref>Beit Elokim of Mabi"t (Shaar HaTeshuvah 12) cited in Alei Shur Chelek Alef pg. 45</ref> Whoever elaborates upon these matters and performs a more serious [[teshuva]] is praiseworthy.<ref>Rambam Teshuva 1:1</ref>
#Rabbenu Yonah lists 20 components to Teshuvah.<ref>Shaare Teshuvah (Shaar Alef)</ref>
#If a person sinned and then did Teshuvah, and then later went back to doing his sins, the Teshuvah still atones for the original sins.<ref>Beit Elokim of Mabi"t (Shaar HaTeshuvah 6) cited in Alei Shur Chelek Alef pg. 45</ref>
#Almost every כפרה is contingent upon doing תשובה. For example, קרבנות only affect atonement if you do  תשובה. Similarly, [[Yom Kippur]] only atones for those who repent. <ref>Rambam Teshuva 1:1</ref>
 
==Effects of Teshuva==
 
#At present, since we don't have the בית המקדש or the מזבח, the only way we can receive atonement is by doing תשובה .תשובה atones for all sins. <ref>Rambam Teshuva 1:3</ref>
#Even though תשובה atones for all sins and the essence of [[Yom Kippur]] brings atonement, sometimes you receive atonement immediately and sometimes it is only after a long time. If a person violates a positive commandment which is not punishable by כרת and does תשובה, he is forgiven immediately. By contrast, if a person violates a negative commandment that is not punishable by כרת or מיתת בית דין and repents, תשובה  has a partial effect and [[Yom Kippur]] atones completely.<ref>Yoma 85b, Rambam Teshuva 1:4</ref>
#If a person violates sins punishable by כרת or מיתת בית דין and does תשובה ,תשובה and [[Yom Kippur]] have an incomplete effect; atonement is complete when sufferings come upon him.
#Someone who creates a 'חילול ה, [[Teshuvah]], [[Yom Kippur]], and suffering provide partial atonement which is only complete with death. <ref>Yoma 85b, Rambam Teshuva 1:4</ref>
 
==Greatness of Teshuva==
 
#It is so great that even someone who was wicked, despicable and distanced from Hashem one day, can become beloved, precious and close to Hashem the next day through תשובה. <ref>Rambam Teshuva 7:6</ref>
 
==How to combat the Yetzer Hara==
 
#To overcome the Yetzer Hara one of the greatest tactics is to learn Torah.<ref>Gemara Kiddushin 30b, Sukkah 52b, Brachot 5a. Gra (Mishlei 25:21) writes that for the Yetzer Hara for physical pleasures one should learn Aggadat and for the Yetzer Hara for anger one should learn halacha. See there for a deep explanation of this concept.</ref>
 
==Sources==
==Sources==
<References/>
<references />
[[Category:Between Man and Himself]]
[[Category:Between Man and Himself]]

Latest revision as of 12:13, 3 December 2020

This article is lacking content. It should be expanded to include some more halacha's and broader sources.

There is a positive biblical commandment to repent and admit one's sins (Vidduy).[1]

General

  1. Even though there is important and effective to perform repentance all year round, during the Aseret Yemei Teshuva there is an additional aspect of having one's Teshuva accepted by Hashem immediately. [2]
  2. One who has transgressed a particular sin multiple times, or even someone who has become a habitual sinner in regard to a particular sin, should not give up hope, as Teshuva is still possible to attain. [3]

Procedure

  1. If a person sinned, whether it be a positive command or a negative command - whether willingly or inadvertently - when he repents, and returns from his sin, he must confess before Hashem, as it states (במדבר ה:ו-ז) : "If a man or a woman commit any of the sins of man... they must confess the sin that they committed." This refers to a verbal confession. This confession is a positive command.[4]
  2. How does one confess: He states: "I implore You, God, I sinned, I transgressed, I committed sins before You by doing the following. Behold, I regret and am embarrassed for my deeds. I promise never to repeat this act again."[5]
  3. The essential parts of תשובה are admitting the sin, regretting it, and promising never to do it again. Each part of Teshuvah has an effect, even without the other parts e.g. regretting the past without promising for the future.[6] Whoever elaborates upon these matters and performs a more serious teshuva is praiseworthy.[7]
  4. Rabbenu Yonah lists 20 components to Teshuvah.[8]
  5. If a person sinned and then did Teshuvah, and then later went back to doing his sins, the Teshuvah still atones for the original sins.[9]
  6. Almost every כפרה is contingent upon doing תשובה. For example, קרבנות only affect atonement if you do תשובה. Similarly, Yom Kippur only atones for those who repent. [10]

Effects of Teshuva

  1. At present, since we don't have the בית המקדש or the מזבח, the only way we can receive atonement is by doing תשובה .תשובה atones for all sins. [11]
  2. Even though תשובה atones for all sins and the essence of Yom Kippur brings atonement, sometimes you receive atonement immediately and sometimes it is only after a long time. If a person violates a positive commandment which is not punishable by כרת and does תשובה, he is forgiven immediately. By contrast, if a person violates a negative commandment that is not punishable by כרת or מיתת בית דין and repents, תשובה has a partial effect and Yom Kippur atones completely.[12]
  3. If a person violates sins punishable by כרת or מיתת בית דין and does תשובה ,תשובה and Yom Kippur have an incomplete effect; atonement is complete when sufferings come upon him.
  4. Someone who creates a 'חילול ה, Teshuvah, Yom Kippur, and suffering provide partial atonement which is only complete with death. [13]

Greatness of Teshuva

  1. It is so great that even someone who was wicked, despicable and distanced from Hashem one day, can become beloved, precious and close to Hashem the next day through תשובה. [14]

How to combat the Yetzer Hara

  1. To overcome the Yetzer Hara one of the greatest tactics is to learn Torah.[15]

Sources

  1. ↑ Rambam (Sefer HaMitzvot Asin 73), Rambam (Introduction to Hilchot Teshuva)
  2. ↑ Rambam (Teshuva 2:6)
  3. ↑ Rambam Hilchos Teshuva Perek 4:6
  4. ↑ Rambam Teshuva 1:1
  5. ↑ Rambam Teshuva 1:1
  6. ↑ Beit Elokim of Mabi"t (Shaar HaTeshuvah 12) cited in Alei Shur Chelek Alef pg. 45
  7. ↑ Rambam Teshuva 1:1
  8. ↑ Shaare Teshuvah (Shaar Alef)
  9. ↑ Beit Elokim of Mabi"t (Shaar HaTeshuvah 6) cited in Alei Shur Chelek Alef pg. 45
  10. ↑ Rambam Teshuva 1:1
  11. ↑ Rambam Teshuva 1:3
  12. ↑ Yoma 85b, Rambam Teshuva 1:4
  13. ↑ Yoma 85b, Rambam Teshuva 1:4
  14. ↑ Rambam Teshuva 7:6
  15. ↑ Gemara Kiddushin 30b, Sukkah 52b, Brachot 5a. Gra (Mishlei 25:21) writes that for the Yetzer Hara for physical pleasures one should learn Aggadat and for the Yetzer Hara for anger one should learn halacha. See there for a deep explanation of this concept.
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