Kaddesh and Arvit of the Night of Pesach: Difference between pages

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==Who is obligated in the mitzvah==
==Arvit of the night of Pesach==
# Kiddish of Yom Tov is made over the first cup of wine of the Seder. Therefore even though by Kiddish on Friday night one person can fulfill the obligation of everyone else by drinking the cup, on Pesach night there’s a separate obligation on everyone to drink the four cups of wine. <Ref>S”A 673:1 </ref>
# One doesn’t need to wait to say [[Arvit]] after [[Tzet HaKochavim]].<ref>Chaim LeRosh (pg 40a; http://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=22746&st=&pgnum=80) says that [[Arvit]] must be said after Tzet. However Chazon Ovadyah ([[Pesach]] part 2 pg 5) argues. One shouldn’t delay especially considering the fact that S”A 472:1 rules that one should stop learning earlier so that you can start the meal early so that the children will be awake to ask questions. </ref>
# Women are also obligated in the mitzvah of four cups of wine because they were also part of the miracle. <Ref>Pesachim 108b rules that everyone is obligated in the four cups of wine of the Seder. Rambam (Hilchot Chametz UMatzah 7:7) and S”A 672:15-16 rule that women are also obligated in the mitzvah. Source Sheet: http://docs.google.com/View?id=dg37c33t_79fn8mhqht</ref>
# Sephardim have the custom of reciting Hodu LaHashem ki tov, chapter 107 of tehillim before reciting [[arvit]].<ref> Kaf Hachayim 487:3 </ref>
# In [[arvit]] of [[Pesach]] night, we conclude the beracha of hashikevenu like we do on [[Shabbat]] and not like we normally do on a weekday.<ref> Kaf Hachayim 487:1. see also Shulchan Aruch 267:3 and Mishna Brurah 267:8 for the differences in text </ref>
# Many ashkenazim have the minhag to recite vayidaber Hashem et moadei Hashem el bnei yisrael before reciting the [[kaddish]] after the [[brachot]] of shema.<ref> Mishna berura 267:9. see however Maaseh Rav 67 that these pesukim that are customarily said before the [[kaddish]] aren't said as they may be considered a pause between geula and [[tefilla]]. </ref> Some sephardim have the minhag to say ele moadei Hashem mikraei kodesh asher tikriu otam bimoadam, some have the minhag to say vayidaber Hashem et moadei Hashem el bnei yisrael, and some say both.<ref> see Kaf Hachayim 487:1 and Chazon Ovadia page 106 </ref>
===If the first night falls on Shabbat===
# If the first night of [[pesach]] falls out on [[shabbat]], the perek of bameh madlikin is not read.<ref> Rama 270:2, Mishna Brurah 270:5, Kaf Hachayim 270:7-8 </ref>
# After hashkivenu those who usually add the pesukim of vishamru add it on this night as well.<ref> Chazon Ovadia page 106. see above about the pesukim of vayidaber. </ref>
# The middle beracha of the shemonei esrei on [[yom tov]] that falls out on [[shabbat]] is mikadesh hashabbat viyisrael vihazmanim.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 487:1, Mishna Brurah 487:8 </ref>
# There is no Mein Sheva on a Friday night that falls out on the first night of Pesach. Some mekubalim have the practice to say it.<ref>Shulchan Aruch OC 487:1 writes that there's no Mein Sheva on Friday night which falls out the first night of Pesach. Mishna Brurah 487:9 explains that since it is a night protected from any danger there's no concern about those who are taking longer to daven. [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=58680 Rav Yitzchak Yosef] explained how this is the correct minhag of Yerushalayim unlike the Rashash. But if they incorrectly started they should finish it. Kaf Hachaim 487:23 writes that the minhag of Izmir and Bet El shul in Yerushalayim was like the Rashash and they can continue to follow that practice since there's no safek brachot if there's a minhag.</ref>


==Timing of Kaddesh==
===Shemoneh Esrei===
# One shouldn't say Kiddish before Tzet HaChochavim. <ref> Rosh Pesachim 10:2 writes that the night of Pesach is special that we don't do the mitzvot before night even though by Shabbat and other Yom Tovim we hold that one can add from the weekdays to the Shabbat or Yom Tov. Thus, Tur writes that one shouldn't eat the meal before night night. Bet Yosef 472:1 quotes the Trumat HaDeshen that rules that even the Kiddish which is part of the four cups of the Seder must be done at night. So rules S"A 473:1 that Kiddish and the rest of the mitzvot of the night need to be done during the night. The Taz 472:1 gives another reason the Kiddish must be done at night; because the Kiddish is done in order to eat the Matzah and have Kiddish BeMakom Seudah, just like the Matzah has to be at night so too does the Kiddish. </ref>
# As on the other yamim tovim, the middle beracha that we recite is mikadesh yisrael vihazmanim.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 487:1. </ref> There is a discussion among the poskim if one concluded instead with just mikadesh yisrael if he nevertheless fulfilled his obligation.<ref> Mishna Brurah 487:2 says in the name of the eliya rabba and other achronim that he has not fulfilled his obligation. Chazon Ovadia page 106 however, writes that you have. see also Kaf Hachayim 487:17 who quotes poskim on both sides. </ref>
# Even one learning in a Bet Medrash should stop to start the meal on time (at Tzet) so that the children will be awake to ask questions. <ref> Tur and S"A 472:1 based on Gemara Pesachim 109a</ref>
===[[Hallel]]===
# Many have a minhag to recite [[hallel]] after the shemoneh esrei with a beracha on the first night of [[Pesach]], as well as the second night of [[yom tov sheni|yom tov sheni shel galuyot]].<ref> Shulchan Aruch 487:4, Birkei Yosef 487:7, Kaf Hachayim 487:35, Chazon Ovadia page 109, Sh"t Yabia Omer 2:25 and 4:21. Yechave Daat 5:34 adds that even shuls that do not have the minhag should start it. Tur 473 writes that many places have the custom to recite [[hallel]] in order that they will not have to recite a beracha on the [[hallel]] during the seder. The Beit Yosef there says that this is in fact the minhag of the sepharadim based on Masechet Sofrim 20:9. According to Sefer Mikraei Kodesh (Hilchot Leil Haseder by Rabbi Moshe Harari) page 113 some yemenites have the minhag not to recite it with a beracha and some do not recite it at all. </ref> Therefore, if one has the custom to recite it but is in a shul where they do not, he should nevertheless say it on his own.<ref> Chazon Ovadia page 111, Sh"t Yechave Daat 5:34, Kaf Hachayim 487:38-39 </ref>
# Some poskim say say that even one who prays on his own should recite the [[hallel]] with a beracha.<ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 5:34 says that you should but quotes poskim who disagree. </ref>
# The recitation of the Hallel in shul is because of the miracle of Hashem taking us out of Egypt and so it applies to women as well just like the other mitzvot of the night. It can be said even without a minyan before kiddush with a bracha.<ref>Yachava Daat 5:34, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 382</ref> Some poskim disagree.<ref>Moadim Uzmanim 7:179 </ref> 
# For those who allow saying arvit early on the night of the seder, the hallel in shul can also be said early.<ref>Yachava Daat 5:34</ref>
# Many Ashkenazim however, didn't have this custom.<ref> Rama 487:4, Mishna Brurah 487:16. Moadim Uzmanim 3:260 and Kaf Hachayim 487:45 however, write that nowadays the minhag has become that even ashkenazim recite [[hallel]] with a beracha. Sefer Mikraei Kodesh (Hilchot Leil Haseder by Rabbi Moshe Harari) page 113 says that Rav Avraham Yitzchak Kook would make sure to go to a Chabad shul where they would recite [[hallel]] with a beracha on the first night of [[Pesach]]. </ref> One who doesn't usually recite it, but finds himself in a shul where they do, should recite it along with them.<ref> Rav Moshe Feinstein Iggerot Moshe in the hashmatot to chelek 4 OC siman 94. </ref>


== The Shechiyanu of Kaddesh==
==Sources==
#  The Bracha of Shechiyanu is part of the Kiddish. <Ref>S”A 673:1 </ref>
#If one forgot to make the Shechiyanu during the Kiddish: some hold one can make it  anytime afterwards that day and if you remember on the second day of Yom Tov you should fulfill the obligation with the Shechiyanu of that day's kiddish and if you forgot also then one can say it during the rest of peasch, even if one remembers in the marketplace. However, some argue that one can only make the bracha until one says the bracha of Asher Galanu of the Magid because that fulfills one's requirement. <ref> The Magan Avraham 6 73:1 comments that one can make up the bracha of Shechiyanu all the days of the peasch just like any other holiday and proves it from Eiruvin 40b which concludes that one can say Shechiyanu all seven days. However, Sh"t Arugat HaBosem 144 argues that after you make the bracha on the haggadah of Asher Galanu one has fulfilled his obligation of Shechiyanu because it includes the words "Vahigiyanu HaLaylah HaZeh". The Sh"t Siach Yitzchak and Chazon Ovadyah (Peasch vol 2 pg 29) rule like the Arugot HaBosem and bring a proof from the Orchot Chaim  who ask why do we say Vahigiyanu in Asher Galanu if we already said Shechiyanu implying that Asher Galanu can fulfill the requirement of Shechiyanu. Source Sheet: http://docs.google.com/View?id=dg37c33t_80cb4cgvgb </ref>
# If a woman already made Shechiyanu during the candle lighting some say it's an interruption to answer amen unless one has in mind while lighting the candles that the Shechiyanu should cover the Yom Tov but not the mitzvah of Matzah and Maror. However others hold it's not considered an interruption and the amen can be  answered. <ref>Rav Tzvi Pesach Frank in Sh"T Har Tzvi 1:154 quotes those who say that one shouldn't answer amen tothe Shechiyanu since the woman already fulfill her obligation and it'd be an interruption between the Borei Pri HaGafen and drinking the cup (since there's an obligation of 4 cups even woman are obligated to drink after Kiddish). Rav Frank adds that lechatchila one should be careful not even to hear the bracha in the kiddish becasue just hearing it can be a Hefsek. Rav Vosner in Sh"t HaLevi 3:69 rules that an amen would be an interruption unless the Shechiyanu was coming to fulfill some obligation. Therefore on Peasch where the Shechiyanu is coming for the Matzah, Maror, and Sippur Yitziyat Mitzrayim, an amen isn't an interruption. Rav Ovadyah in Chazon Ovadyah (Peasch vol 2 pg 27) concurs. For this reason, Rabbi Eliezer Waldenberg in Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer 10:19 is lenient that the woman is allowed to even make the bracha again. Rav Shlomo Zalman Aurbach in Sh"t Minchat Shlomo 2:60(24) argues that since Shechiyanu is part of the established Kiddish it isn't an interruption at all to answer amen. Source Sheet: http://docs.google.com/View?id=dg37c33t_81g74f957c </Ref>
 
==If four cups are drunk all at once==
# If all four cups are drunk at once and not dispersed throughout the Seder in their proper place one doesn't fulfill his obligation. <ref> S"A 472:8 </ref>
 
==References==
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[[Category:Pesach]]
[[Category:Prayer]]
[[Category:Holidays]]

Revision as of 04:40, 14 July 2020

Arvit of the night of Pesach

  1. One doesn’t need to wait to say Arvit after Tzet HaKochavim.[1]
  2. Sephardim have the custom of reciting Hodu LaHashem ki tov, chapter 107 of tehillim before reciting arvit.[2]
  3. In arvit of Pesach night, we conclude the beracha of hashikevenu like we do on Shabbat and not like we normally do on a weekday.[3]
  4. Many ashkenazim have the minhag to recite vayidaber Hashem et moadei Hashem el bnei yisrael before reciting the kaddish after the brachot of shema.[4] Some sephardim have the minhag to say ele moadei Hashem mikraei kodesh asher tikriu otam bimoadam, some have the minhag to say vayidaber Hashem et moadei Hashem el bnei yisrael, and some say both.[5]

If the first night falls on Shabbat

  1. If the first night of pesach falls out on shabbat, the perek of bameh madlikin is not read.[6]
  2. After hashkivenu those who usually add the pesukim of vishamru add it on this night as well.[7]
  3. The middle beracha of the shemonei esrei on yom tov that falls out on shabbat is mikadesh hashabbat viyisrael vihazmanim.[8]
  4. There is no Mein Sheva on a Friday night that falls out on the first night of Pesach. Some mekubalim have the practice to say it.[9]

Shemoneh Esrei

  1. As on the other yamim tovim, the middle beracha that we recite is mikadesh yisrael vihazmanim.[10] There is a discussion among the poskim if one concluded instead with just mikadesh yisrael if he nevertheless fulfilled his obligation.[11]

Hallel

  1. Many have a minhag to recite hallel after the shemoneh esrei with a beracha on the first night of Pesach, as well as the second night of yom tov sheni shel galuyot.[12] Therefore, if one has the custom to recite it but is in a shul where they do not, he should nevertheless say it on his own.[13]
  2. Some poskim say say that even one who prays on his own should recite the hallel with a beracha.[14]
  3. The recitation of the Hallel in shul is because of the miracle of Hashem taking us out of Egypt and so it applies to women as well just like the other mitzvot of the night. It can be said even without a minyan before kiddush with a bracha.[15] Some poskim disagree.[16]
  4. For those who allow saying arvit early on the night of the seder, the hallel in shul can also be said early.[17]
  5. Many Ashkenazim however, didn't have this custom.[18] One who doesn't usually recite it, but finds himself in a shul where they do, should recite it along with them.[19]

Sources

  1. ↑ Chaim LeRosh (pg 40a; http://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=22746&st=&pgnum=80) says that Arvit must be said after Tzet. However Chazon Ovadyah (Pesach part 2 pg 5) argues. One shouldn’t delay especially considering the fact that S”A 472:1 rules that one should stop learning earlier so that you can start the meal early so that the children will be awake to ask questions.
  2. ↑ Kaf Hachayim 487:3
  3. ↑ Kaf Hachayim 487:1. see also Shulchan Aruch 267:3 and Mishna Brurah 267:8 for the differences in text
  4. ↑ Mishna berura 267:9. see however Maaseh Rav 67 that these pesukim that are customarily said before the kaddish aren't said as they may be considered a pause between geula and tefilla.
  5. ↑ see Kaf Hachayim 487:1 and Chazon Ovadia page 106
  6. ↑ Rama 270:2, Mishna Brurah 270:5, Kaf Hachayim 270:7-8
  7. ↑ Chazon Ovadia page 106. see above about the pesukim of vayidaber.
  8. ↑ Shulchan Aruch 487:1, Mishna Brurah 487:8
  9. ↑ Shulchan Aruch OC 487:1 writes that there's no Mein Sheva on Friday night which falls out the first night of Pesach. Mishna Brurah 487:9 explains that since it is a night protected from any danger there's no concern about those who are taking longer to daven. Rav Yitzchak Yosef explained how this is the correct minhag of Yerushalayim unlike the Rashash. But if they incorrectly started they should finish it. Kaf Hachaim 487:23 writes that the minhag of Izmir and Bet El shul in Yerushalayim was like the Rashash and they can continue to follow that practice since there's no safek brachot if there's a minhag.
  10. ↑ Shulchan Aruch 487:1.
  11. ↑ Mishna Brurah 487:2 says in the name of the eliya rabba and other achronim that he has not fulfilled his obligation. Chazon Ovadia page 106 however, writes that you have. see also Kaf Hachayim 487:17 who quotes poskim on both sides.
  12. ↑ Shulchan Aruch 487:4, Birkei Yosef 487:7, Kaf Hachayim 487:35, Chazon Ovadia page 109, Sh"t Yabia Omer 2:25 and 4:21. Yechave Daat 5:34 adds that even shuls that do not have the minhag should start it. Tur 473 writes that many places have the custom to recite hallel in order that they will not have to recite a beracha on the hallel during the seder. The Beit Yosef there says that this is in fact the minhag of the sepharadim based on Masechet Sofrim 20:9. According to Sefer Mikraei Kodesh (Hilchot Leil Haseder by Rabbi Moshe Harari) page 113 some yemenites have the minhag not to recite it with a beracha and some do not recite it at all.
  13. ↑ Chazon Ovadia page 111, Sh"t Yechave Daat 5:34, Kaf Hachayim 487:38-39
  14. ↑ Sh"t Yechave Daat 5:34 says that you should but quotes poskim who disagree.
  15. ↑ Yachava Daat 5:34, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 382
  16. ↑ Moadim Uzmanim 7:179
  17. ↑ Yachava Daat 5:34
  18. ↑ Rama 487:4, Mishna Brurah 487:16. Moadim Uzmanim 3:260 and Kaf Hachayim 487:45 however, write that nowadays the minhag has become that even ashkenazim recite hallel with a beracha. Sefer Mikraei Kodesh (Hilchot Leil Haseder by Rabbi Moshe Harari) page 113 says that Rav Avraham Yitzchak Kook would make sure to go to a Chabad shul where they would recite hallel with a beracha on the first night of Pesach.
  19. ↑ Rav Moshe Feinstein Iggerot Moshe in the hashmatot to chelek 4 OC siman 94.
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