Shomea KeOneh: Difference between revisions

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# By all Brachot for food, either Bracha Rishona or Bracha Achrona, one may not fulfill one’s obligation by listening to someone say the bracha unless that person is also going to eat or has eaten the proper Shuir. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 213:14 </ref>
==General requirements==
# By Brachot HaMitzvah, even if one has already fulfilled one’s obligation one can still fulfill the obligation of others because of the principle of Aravim Zeh BaZeh, the responsibility for our fellow Jew. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 213:14 </ref>
# Even though there’s always a mitzvah to answer the Bracha of a fellow Jew, there’s an added reason a person should answer amen when one is listening to a Bracha in order to fulfill one’s obligation. <ref> Mishna Brurah 213:17, Mishna Brurah 8:15, See Vezot HaBracha pg 362 regarding whether answering Amen makes it like the person listening said the entire Bracha. </ref>
# Even though there’s always a mitzvah to answer the Bracha of a fellow Jew, there’s an added reason a person should answer amen when one is listening to a Bracha in order to fulfill one’s obligation. <ref> Mishna Brurah 213:17, Mishna Brurah 8:15, See Vezot HaBracha pg 362 regarding whether answering Amen makes it like the person listening said the entire Bracha. </ref>
# In order to fulfill one’s obligation the listener must hear the whole bracha starting from the word Baruch. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 213:19, Shaar HaTzion there mentions that if one didn’t hear some words which aren’t crucial one still fulfills the obligation by listening. (S”A 214:1 and Mishna Brurah 314:4 specify Baruch, either Hashem or Elokenu, Melech, and HaOlam and the conclusion as the crucial words). </ref> If one did miss part of the Bracha some say that one can fill in that part by saying those specific words. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 362) quoting Halichot Shlomo (Klali Brachot 11). </ref>
# In order to fulfill one’s obligation the listener must hear the whole bracha starting from the word Baruch. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 213:19, Shaar HaTzion there mentions that if one didn’t hear some words which aren’t crucial one still fulfills the obligation by listening. (S”A 214:1 and Mishna Brurah 314:4 specify Baruch, either Hashem or Elokenu, Melech, and HaOlam and the conclusion as the crucial words). </ref> If one did miss part of the Bracha some say that one can fill in that part by saying those specific words. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 362) quoting Halichot Shlomo (Klali Brachot 11). </ref>
# If one was talking while listening to a Bracha one hasn’t fulfilled one’s obligation. <ref> Mishna Brurah 167:45. Vezot HaBracha pg 361 writes that it’s possible that the Chazon Ish 141:7 who’s explanation of Shomea KeOneh is that the listener joins the Bracha by actively listening would disagree. </ref>
# If one was talking while listening to a Bracha one hasn’t fulfilled one’s obligation. <ref> Mishna Brurah 167:45. Vezot HaBracha pg 361 writes that it’s possible that the Chazon Ish 141:7 who’s explanation of Shomea KeOneh is that the listener joins the Bracha by actively listening would disagree. </ref>
# The one making the Bracha must have intent to fulfill the obligation of the one listening and the one listening to the Bracha must have intent to fulfill his obligation through listening. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 213:5, 18 </ref>
# The one making the Bracha must have intent to fulfill the obligation of the one listening and the one listening to the Bracha must have intent to fulfill his obligation through listening. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 213:5, 18 </ref>
==Brachot on Food==
# By all Brachot for food, either Bracha Rishona or Bracha Achrona, one may not fulfill one’s obligation by listening to someone say the bracha unless that person is also going to eat or has eaten the proper Shuir. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 213:14 </ref>
===Bracha Rishona===
# The original establishment of the rabbis was to make Bracha Rishona together (meaning, one person saying it out loud and everyone else fulfilling the obligation by listening) <Ref>S”A 213:1 </ref>
# However, some say that the only Bracha Rishona’s that are said together are HaMotzei on bread and HaGafen on wine. <Ref>Rama 213:1. </ref>
# The reason it’s preferable to say a Bracha together is based on the principle of BeRov Am Hadarat Melech, meaning that it’s more respectable to serve Hashem in numbers. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 213:3 </ref>
# In order that one should fulfill the obligation of the other by saying Bracha Rishona together, everyone must sit together at the same table. <Ref>S”A 213:1 </ref> However, after the fact even those who didn’t eat at the same table can fulfill the obligation with someone else who is making the Bracha if the one making the Bracha has intent to fulfill the obligation of others and the one listening has intent to his obligation. <ref> Mishna Brurah 213:5 </ref>
# However, since people aren’t experts in having intent to fulfill the obligation of others and those listening having intent to fulfill one’s obligation, the minhag is that each person make the Bracha Rishona to themselves. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 213:12 </ref>
===Bracha Achrona===
# The original establishment of the rabbis was that each person to make Bracha Achrona to oneself, except Birkat HaMazon which is supposed to said together (meaning, one person saying it out loud and everyone else fulfilling the obligation by listening). <Ref>S”A 213:1 </ref> Even part of the original enactment it was preferable that a person fulfill the obligation through listening (to someone else) if a person doesn’t know the text of the Bracha Achrona. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 213:9 </ref>
# Nowadays, since Bracha Achrona is disregarded and forgotten, it’s considered preferable that the Bracha Achrona be made out loud and everyone to listen, and it’s proper that everyone say the Bracha along with the one saying it out loud word by word. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 213:9 </ref>
# Nowadays, because it’s difficult to have proper intent for a long time the minhag is for each person to say Birkat HaMazon silently to oneself while the Mezamen reads it out loud. <Ref>S”A 183:7 writes that it’s proper that each person say Birkat HaMazon silently to oneself along with the Bracha that the Mezamen is saying out loud. Mishna Brurah 187:27 adds that the original enactment was for everyone to listen to the Mezamen make Birkat HaMazon out loud, however, nowadays that it’s difficult to have proper intent for that period of time, everyone should read along silently. </ref>
# In order that one should fulfill the obligation of the other by saying Birkat HaMazon together, everyone must sit together at the same table. <Ref>S”A 213:1 </ref> However, after the fact even those who didn’t eat at the same table can fulfill the obligation together (meaning, one person saying it out loud and everyone else fulfilling the obligation by listening). <ref> Mishna Brurah 213:5 </ref>
==Brachot on Mitzvot==
# By Brachot HaMitzvah, even if one has already fulfilled one’s obligation one can still fulfill the obligation of others because of the principle of Aravim Zeh BaZeh, the responsibility for our fellow Jew. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 213:14 </ref>


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>

Revision as of 21:12, 1 February 2011

General requirements

  1. Even though there’s always a mitzvah to answer the Bracha of a fellow Jew, there’s an added reason a person should answer amen when one is listening to a Bracha in order to fulfill one’s obligation. [1]
  2. In order to fulfill one’s obligation the listener must hear the whole bracha starting from the word Baruch. [2] If one did miss part of the Bracha some say that one can fill in that part by saying those specific words. [3]
  3. If one was talking while listening to a Bracha one hasn’t fulfilled one’s obligation. [4]
  4. The one making the Bracha must have intent to fulfill the obligation of the one listening and the one listening to the Bracha must have intent to fulfill his obligation through listening. [5]

Brachot on Food

  1. By all Brachot for food, either Bracha Rishona or Bracha Achrona, one may not fulfill one’s obligation by listening to someone say the bracha unless that person is also going to eat or has eaten the proper Shuir. [6]

Bracha Rishona

  1. The original establishment of the rabbis was to make Bracha Rishona together (meaning, one person saying it out loud and everyone else fulfilling the obligation by listening) [7]
  2. However, some say that the only Bracha Rishona’s that are said together are HaMotzei on bread and HaGafen on wine. [8]
  3. The reason it’s preferable to say a Bracha together is based on the principle of BeRov Am Hadarat Melech, meaning that it’s more respectable to serve Hashem in numbers. [9]
  4. In order that one should fulfill the obligation of the other by saying Bracha Rishona together, everyone must sit together at the same table. [10] However, after the fact even those who didn’t eat at the same table can fulfill the obligation with someone else who is making the Bracha if the one making the Bracha has intent to fulfill the obligation of others and the one listening has intent to his obligation. [11]
  5. However, since people aren’t experts in having intent to fulfill the obligation of others and those listening having intent to fulfill one’s obligation, the minhag is that each person make the Bracha Rishona to themselves. [12]

Bracha Achrona

  1. The original establishment of the rabbis was that each person to make Bracha Achrona to oneself, except Birkat HaMazon which is supposed to said together (meaning, one person saying it out loud and everyone else fulfilling the obligation by listening). [13] Even part of the original enactment it was preferable that a person fulfill the obligation through listening (to someone else) if a person doesn’t know the text of the Bracha Achrona. [14]
  2. Nowadays, since Bracha Achrona is disregarded and forgotten, it’s considered preferable that the Bracha Achrona be made out loud and everyone to listen, and it’s proper that everyone say the Bracha along with the one saying it out loud word by word. [15]
  3. Nowadays, because it’s difficult to have proper intent for a long time the minhag is for each person to say Birkat HaMazon silently to oneself while the Mezamen reads it out loud. [16]
  4. In order that one should fulfill the obligation of the other by saying Birkat HaMazon together, everyone must sit together at the same table. [17] However, after the fact even those who didn’t eat at the same table can fulfill the obligation together (meaning, one person saying it out loud and everyone else fulfilling the obligation by listening). [18]

Brachot on Mitzvot

  1. By Brachot HaMitzvah, even if one has already fulfilled one’s obligation one can still fulfill the obligation of others because of the principle of Aravim Zeh BaZeh, the responsibility for our fellow Jew. [19]


References

  1. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:17, Mishna Brurah 8:15, See Vezot HaBracha pg 362 regarding whether answering Amen makes it like the person listening said the entire Bracha.
  2. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:19, Shaar HaTzion there mentions that if one didn’t hear some words which aren’t crucial one still fulfills the obligation by listening. (S”A 214:1 and Mishna Brurah 314:4 specify Baruch, either Hashem or Elokenu, Melech, and HaOlam and the conclusion as the crucial words).
  3. ↑ Vezot HaBracha (pg 362) quoting Halichot Shlomo (Klali Brachot 11).
  4. ↑ Mishna Brurah 167:45. Vezot HaBracha pg 361 writes that it’s possible that the Chazon Ish 141:7 who’s explanation of Shomea KeOneh is that the listener joins the Bracha by actively listening would disagree.
  5. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:5, 18
  6. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:14
  7. ↑ S”A 213:1
  8. ↑ Rama 213:1.
  9. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:3
  10. ↑ S”A 213:1
  11. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:5
  12. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:12
  13. ↑ S”A 213:1
  14. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:9
  15. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:9
  16. ↑ S”A 183:7 writes that it’s proper that each person say Birkat HaMazon silently to oneself along with the Bracha that the Mezamen is saying out loud. Mishna Brurah 187:27 adds that the original enactment was for everyone to listen to the Mezamen make Birkat HaMazon out loud, however, nowadays that it’s difficult to have proper intent for that period of time, everyone should read along silently.
  17. ↑ S”A 213:1
  18. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:5
  19. ↑ Mishna Brurah 213:14
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