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Tevilat Keilim: Difference between revisions
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# It is actually a matter of dispute amongst the authorities whether the mitzva of tevilat keilim has the status of a Torah commandment or a rabbinical one. <Ref> Yabia Omer Y.D. 2:9 </ref>Nevertheless, most halachic authorities treat tevilat keilim as a Biblical mitzva for all intents and purposes. <Ref> Aruch Hashulchan Y.D. 120:4, Sh”t Yechave Daat 4:64 </ref> | # It is actually a matter of dispute amongst the authorities whether the mitzva of tevilat keilim has the status of a Torah commandment or a rabbinical one. <Ref> Yabia Omer Y.D. 2:9 </ref>Nevertheless, most halachic authorities treat tevilat keilim as a Biblical mitzva for all intents and purposes. <Ref> Aruch Hashulchan Y.D. 120:4, Sh”t Yechave Daat 4:64 </ref> | ||
==Procedure of Tevilah== | ==Procedure of Tevilah== | ||
# One must immerse the entire vessel at one time and not half at a time. <Ref>Halichot Olam (vol 7, pg 253), Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A YD 120:5) </ref> | # One must immerse the entire vessel at one time and not half at a time. <Ref>Halichot Olam (vol 7, pg 253), Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A YD 120:5) </ref> | ||
# One must make sure to remove all stickers, labels, and rust. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef YD 120:6, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 37:10 </ref> | # One must make sure to remove all stickers, labels, and rust. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef YD 120:6, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 37:10 </ref> | ||
# The utensil is immersed once, ensuring that it is completely covered by the water of the mikva. <ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 37:10 </ref> | # The utensil is immersed once, ensuring that it is completely covered by the water of the mikva. <ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 37:10 </ref> | ||
# One should hold the vessel loosely. <Ref>Halichot Olam (vol 7, pg 253), Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S”A YD 120:5) </ref> | |||
# One should remove a knife from the case before immersion. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef YD 120:6 </ref> | # One should remove a knife from the case before immersion. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef YD 120:6 </ref> | ||
# A child under [[Bar Mitzvah]] can only do Tevilah in the presence of an adult and he can even make the Bracha. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef YD 120:25, Sh”t Yabia Omer 2:9(8) </ref> It is best not to allow a minor to perform the immersion. <ref> Y.D. 120:14, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 37:12 </ref> | # A child under [[Bar Mitzvah]] can only do Tevilah in the presence of an adult and he can even make the Bracha. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef YD 120:25, Sh”t Yabia Omer 2:9(8) </ref> It is best not to allow a minor to perform the immersion. <ref> Y.D. 120:14, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 37:12 </ref> | ||
# Tevilat keilim is not to be performed on [[Shabbat]] or [[Yom Tov]]. <ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 37:13 </ref> | # Tevilat keilim is not to be performed on [[Shabbat]] or [[Yom Tov]]. <ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 37:13 </ref> | ||
# A non-kosher utensil should first be kashered prior to immersing it. <ref> | # A non-kosher utensil should first be kashered prior to immersing it. <ref> Shulchan Aruch YD 121:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 37:4 </ref> | ||
# According to most poskim, Tevilat Kelim doesn't need kavana. Therefore, if a vessel fell into the mikveh it doesn't need to be toveled again.<ref>The Trumat Hadeshen 257 writes that a katan can have kavana for tevilat kelim and also tevilat kelim is chulin and doesn't need kavana, it is just a mitzvah unlike niddah (where the Rama 198:48 requires kavana initially). Rashba in teshuva 3:255 is clearly compares niddah and tevilat kelim, but in his conclusion he cites the Rambam who holds that even for Niddah kavana isn't necessary. Radvaz 1:34 thinks that the Rashba agrees with the Rambam. He explains that the general topic of mitzvot needing kavana isn’t relevant here since tevila and shechita are matirin and not mitzvot. Both the Shach YD 120:20 and Taz 198:17 write that we accept the Truamt Hadeshen and kavan isn't necessary for tevilat kelim. However, the Gra 120:38 sides with the Bach who thinks that initially you need kavana just like niddah (based on the comparison of the Rashba).</ref> | |||
# It is unclear whether or not one who converts to Judaism is required to immerse the utensils he already owns. <ref>Sh"t Shevet HaLevi 4:92, 6:245(2) holds that a convert is required to immerse his vessels. Sh”t Yabia Omer YD 8:7 writes that seemingly the convert wouldn’t be obligated to immerse the utensils and quotes the Sefer Devarim Achadim (Rav Eliyahu Kalskin Siman 196), Shem MeShmuel (Parshat Matot), Sh”t Nezer HaKodesh 17 who agree. Yabia Omer concludes that one should immerse metal vessels without a Bracha and one wouldn’t need to immerse glass vessels. See Tzitz Eliezer 8:19-20, 22:49.</ref> | # It is unclear whether or not one who converts to Judaism is required to immerse the utensils he already owns. <ref>Sh"t Shevet HaLevi 4:92, 6:245(2) holds that a convert is required to immerse his vessels. Sh”t Yabia Omer YD 8:7 writes that seemingly the convert wouldn’t be obligated to immerse the utensils and quotes the Sefer Devarim Achadim (Rav Eliyahu Kalskin Siman 196), Shem MeShmuel (Parshat Matot), Sh”t Nezer HaKodesh 17 who agree. Yabia Omer concludes that one should immerse metal vessels without a Bracha and one wouldn’t need to immerse glass vessels. See Tzitz Eliezer 8:19-20, 22:49.</ref> | ||
==Bracha== | ==Bracha== | ||
# For one vessel the Bracha is Al Tevilat Kli and for multiple vessels the Bracha is Al [[Tevilat Kelim]]. After the fact, if one switched Kli for Kelim or the opposite one has fulfilled one’s obligation. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef YD 120:7 </ref> | # For one vessel the Bracha is Al Tevilat Kli and for multiple vessels the Bracha is Al [[Tevilat Kelim]]. After the fact, if one switched Kli for Kelim or the opposite one has fulfilled one’s obligation. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef YD 120:7 </ref> | ||
