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Seuda Shelishit: Difference between revisions

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# There is an obligation to eat three meals on [[Shabbat]], <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Mishna Berura 291:1, Rambam [[Shabbat]] 30:9, Yalkut Yosef Shabbat Volume 1 page 399. This is based on the gemara in shabbat 117b which derives from the verse in Shemot 16:25 which mentions the word "hayom" meaning today three times. The gemara 118b goes through the great rewards for one who eats all three meals on shabbat. </ref> and if one missed the meal on friday night, he should eat three during the day. <ref> Rama 291:1 </ref>
# There is an obligation to eat three meals on [[Shabbat]], <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Mishna Berura 291:1, Rambam [[Shabbat]] 30:9, Yalkut Yosef Shabbat Volume 1 page 399. This is based on the gemara in shabbat 117b which derives from the verse in Shemot 16:25 which mentions the word "hayom" meaning today three times. The gemara 118b goes through the great rewards for one who eats all three meals on shabbat. </ref> and if one missed the meal on friday night, he should eat three during the day. <ref> Rama 291:1 </ref>
# The obligation of eating the third meal of [[Shabbat]] (Seudat Shelishit) is rabbinic. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:1, Shu"t Maharil 94, Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1. See Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer 16:13. Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1 quotes the Levush who says that this obligation is from the torah, even though he himself disagrees. The Sefer Chareidim 14:3 and Maharal quoted by the Taz 472:1 agree with this opinion. </ref>
# The obligation of eating the third meal of [[Shabbat]] (Seudat Shelishit) is rabbinic. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:1, Shu"t Maharil 94, Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1. See Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer 16:13. Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1 quotes the Levush who says that this obligation is from the torah, even though he himself disagrees. The Sefer Chareidim 14:3 and Maharal quoted by the Taz 472:1 agree with this opinion. </ref>
# Women are obligated in Seudat Shelishit. <ref> S"A 291:6, Kitzur S"A 77:16, Yalkut Yosef (Shabbat vol 1, pg 410). This is based on Rabbeinu Tam in Sefer Hayashar 70:4 which says that women are obligated because they too were part of the miracle of the manna. The Ran on [[Shabbat]] 44a "vikatav" says that it is based on the same source as a woman's obligation in kiddush mentioned in Berachot 20a, that since they are obligated in refraining from melacha, they are also obligated in the mitzvot aseh even if it is only rabbinic. The Aruch Hashulchan 291:4 says that many women are unaware of their obligation and we should work to fix that. </ref>
# Women are obligated in Seudat Shelishit. <ref> S"A 291:6, Kitzur S"A 77:16, Yalkut Yosef (Shabbat vol 1, pg 410). This is based on Rabbeinu Tam in Sefer Hayashar 70:4 which says that women are obligated because they too were part of the miracle of the manna. The Ran on [[Shabbat]] 44a "vikatav" says that it is based on the same source as a woman's obligation in kiddush mentioned in Berachot 20a, that since they are obligated in refraining from melacha, they are also obligated in the mitzvot aseh even if it is only rabbinic. The Meiri Shabbat 118a seems to agree. The Aruch Hashulchan 291:4 says that many women are unaware of their obligation and a person should try to fix this misconception. </ref>
==Amount to eat==
==Amount to eat==
# If one is full one should eat at least a [[KeBaytzah]] of bread.<ref> S"A 291:1 </ref> However, if one is unable one should at least have a [[Kezayit]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:2, Kaf HaChaim 291:5, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1 pg 399) </ref>
# If one is full one should eat at least a [[KeBaytzah]] of bread.<ref> S"A 291:1 </ref> However, if one is unable one should at least have a [[Kezayit]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:2, Kaf HaChaim 291:5, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1 pg 399) </ref>
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#If he forgot to say it and remembered
#If he forgot to say it and remembered
*after finishing boneh yerushalayim but before the next beracha he should insert there a beracha instead of ritze "Baruch Ata Hashem Elokenu Melech Ha'olam Asher Natan Shabbatot Le'menucha Le'amo Yisrael Be'ahava Le'ot U'berit Baruch Ata Hashem Mekadesh Ha'Shabbat."
*after finishing boneh yerushalayim but before the next beracha he should insert there a beracha instead of ritze "Baruch Ata Hashem Elokenu Melech Ha'olam Asher Natan Shabbatot Le'menucha Le'amo Yisrael Be'ahava Le'ot U'berit Baruch Ata Hashem Mekadesh Ha'Shabbat."
*after beginning the fourth beracha he should just continue and not repeat. <ref> This is because there are opinions that one is not obligated to eat bread at seudat shlishit and Mishna Berura 188:26 says that if the meal is not obligatory you don't return for missing ritzei. Mishna Berura 291:6 based on Shaare Teshuva 291:1, Yalkut Yosef shabbat 1 page 411. For the rules for the first two meals see http://www.dailyhalacha.com/m/halacha.aspx?id=1198. </ref>
*after beginning the fourth beracha he should just continue and not repeat. <ref> This is because there are opinions that one is not obligated to eat bread at seudat shlishit and Mishna Berura 188:26 says that if the meal is not obligatory you don't return for missing ritzei. Mishna Berura 291:6 based on Shaare Teshuva 291:1, Yalkut Yosef shabbat 1 page 411. For the rules for the first two meals see [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/m/halacha.aspx?id=1198 Rabbi Mansour on Dailyhalacha.com]. </ref>


for a women even if she remembered before starting the fourth beracha she may only say the beracha without Hashem's name or just continue onward. <ref> Yalkut Yosef shabbat 1 page 412. </ref>
for a women even if she remembered before starting the fourth beracha she may only say the beracha without Hashem's name or just continue onward. <ref> Yalkut Yosef shabbat 1 page 412. </ref>