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Seuda Shelishit: Difference between revisions
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# There is an obligation to eat three meals on [[Shabbat]], <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Mishna Brurah 291:1, Rambam [[Shabbat]] 30:9, Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] Volume 1 page 399. This is based on the gemara in [[shabbat]] 117b which derives from the verse in Shemot 16:25 which mentions the word "hayom" meaning today three times. The gemara 118b goes through the great rewards for one who eats all three meals on [[shabbat]]. </ref> and if one missed the meal on friday night, he should eat three during the day. <ref> Rama 291:1 </ref> | # There is an obligation to eat three meals on [[Shabbat]], <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Mishna Brurah 291:1, Rambam [[Shabbat]] 30:9, Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] Volume 1 page 399. This is based on the gemara in [[shabbat]] 117b which derives from the verse in Shemot 16:25 which mentions the word "hayom" meaning today three times. The gemara 118b goes through the great rewards for one who eats all three meals on [[shabbat]]. </ref> and if one missed the meal on friday night, he should eat three during the day. <ref> Rama 291:1 </ref> | ||
# The obligation of eating the third meal of [[Shabbat]] (Seudat Shelishit) is rabbinic. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:1, Shu"t Maharil 94, Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1. See Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer 16:13. Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1 quotes the Levush who says that this obligation is from the torah, even though he himself disagrees. The Sefer Chareidim 14:3 and Maharal quoted by the Taz 472:1 agree with this opinion. </ref> | # The obligation of eating the third meal of [[Shabbat]] (Seudat Shelishit) is rabbinic. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:1, Shu"t Maharil 94, Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1. See Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer 16:13. Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1 quotes the Levush who says that this obligation is from the torah, even though he himself disagrees. The Sefer Chareidim 14:3 and Maharal quoted by the Taz 472:1 agree with this opinion. </ref> | ||
# Women are obligated in Seudat Shelishit. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:6, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:16, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1, pg 410). This is based on Rabbeinu Tam in Sefer Hayashar 70:4 | # Women are obligated in Seudat Shelishit. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:6, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:16, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1, pg 410). This is based on Rabbeinu Tam in Sefer Hayashar 70:4 who says that women are obligated because they too were part of the miracle of the manna. The Ran on [[Shabbat]] 44a "vikatav" says that it is based on the same source as a woman's obligation in [[Kiddush]] mentioned in [[Berachot]] 20a, that since they are obligated in refraining from melacha, they are also obligated in the mitzvot aseh even if it is only rabbinic. The Meiri [[Shabbat]] 118a seems to agree. Shilobei Haleket 93 presents another explanation; since the three meals are based on the three times it says hayom by the maan and the maan is equally relevant to women. The Aruch Hashulchan 291:4 says that many women are unaware of their obligation and a person should try to fix this misconception. </ref> | ||
# There is no obligation of kiddush at seudat shelishit.<ref>The Tur 291 cites the Rambam 29:10 as holding that one should recite kiddush at seudat shelishit. The Bet Yosef points out that he isn't sure how the Rambam implies that. In any event, most rishonim disagree. Bet Yosef cites the Rabbenu Yerucham 12:65, Shabbat 397, Rashba (Meyuchas lRamban 210), and Rabbenu Yonah 36b s.v. birchat as holding there's no kiddush for seudat shelishit. Shibolei Haleket 93 explains that just like there is only a mitzvah of kiddush once at night there's only a mitzvah derabbanan of kiddush once by day. Also, he explains that once midday of Shabbat has passed there is intrinsic kedusha to the day and it is unnecessary to declare it holy with kiddush. Shulchan Aruch 291:4 rules that seuda shelishit doesn't need kiddush.</ref> | |||
==Amount to eat== | ==Amount to eat== | ||
# If one is full one should eat at least a [[KeBaytzah]] of bread.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:16 </ref> However, if one is unable, one should at least have a [[Kezayit]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:2, Kaf HaChaim 291:5, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1 pg 399) </ref> | # If one is full one should eat at least a [[KeBaytzah]] of bread.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:16 </ref> However, if one is unable, one should at least have a [[Kezayit]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:2, Kaf HaChaim 291:5, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1 pg 399) </ref> | ||
