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Seuda Shelishit: Difference between revisions

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Seuda Shlishit is the third meal that a person eats on Shabbat. While the first is eaten at night and second in the morning, the third one should be eaten on Saturday afternoon before sunset.
==Obligation==
==Obligation==
# There is an obligation to eat three meals on [[Shabbat]], <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Mishna Brurah 291:1, Rambam [[Shabbat]] 30:9, Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] Volume 1 page 399. This is based on the gemara in [[shabbat]] 117b which derives from the verse in Shemot 16:25 which mentions the word "hayom" meaning today three times. The gemara 118b goes through the great rewards for one who eats all three meals on [[shabbat]]. </ref> and if one missed the meal on friday night, he should eat three during the day. <ref> Rama 291:1 </ref>
# There is an obligation to eat three meals on [[Shabbat]], <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Mishna Brurah 291:1, Rambam [[Shabbat]] 30:9, Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] Volume 1 page 399. This is based on the gemara in [[shabbat]] 117b which derives from the verse in Shemot 16:25 which mentions the word "hayom" meaning today three times. The Gemara Shabbat 118b describes the great rewards for one who eats all three meals on [[shabbat]]. </ref> and if one missed the meal on friday night, he should eat three during the day. <ref> Rama 291:1 </ref>
# The obligation of eating the third meal of [[Shabbat]] (Seudat Shelishit) is rabbinic. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:1, Shu"t Maharil 94, Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1. See Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer 16:13. Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1 quotes the Levush who says that this obligation is from the torah, even though he himself disagrees. The Sefer Chareidim 14:3 and Maharal quoted by the Taz 472:1 agree with this opinion. </ref>
# The obligation of eating the third meal of [[Shabbat]] (Seudat Shelishit) is rabbinic. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:1, Shu"t Maharil 94, Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1. See Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer 16:13. Pri Megadim Mishbetzot Zahav 291:1 quotes the Levush who says that this obligation is from the torah, even though he himself disagrees. The Sefer Chareidim 14:3 and Maharal quoted by the Taz 472:1 agree with this opinion. </ref>
# Women are obligated in Seudat Shelishit. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:6, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:16, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1, pg 410). This is based on Rabbeinu Tam in Sefer Hayashar 70:4 who says that women are obligated because they too were part of the miracle of the manna. The Ran on [[Shabbat]] 44a "vikatav" says that it is based on the same source as a woman's obligation in [[Kiddush]] mentioned in [[Berachot]] 20a, that since they are obligated in refraining from melacha, they are also obligated in the mitzvot aseh even if it is only rabbinic. The Meiri [[Shabbat]] 118a seems to agree. Shilobei Haleket 93 presents another explanation; since the three meals are based on the three times it says hayom by the maan and the maan is equally relevant to women. The Aruch Hashulchan 291:4 says that many women are unaware of their obligation and a person should try to fix this misconception. </ref>
# Women are obligated in Seudat Shelishit. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:6, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:16, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1, pg 410). This is based on Rabbeinu Tam in Sefer Hayashar 70:4 who says that women are obligated because they too were part of the miracle of the manna. The Ran on [[Shabbat]] 44a "vikatav" says that it is based on the same source as a woman's obligation in [[Kiddush]] mentioned in [[Berachot]] 20a, that since they are obligated in refraining from melacha, they are also obligated in the mitzvot aseh even if it is only rabbinic. The Meiri [[Shabbat]] 118a seems to agree. Shilobei Haleket 93 presents another explanation; since the three meals are based on the three times it says hayom by the maan and the maan is equally relevant to women. The Aruch Hashulchan 291:4 says that many women are unaware of their obligation and a person should try to fix this misconception. </ref>


==Amount to eat==
==Amount to Eat==
# If one is full one should eat at least a [[KeBaytzah]] of bread.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:16 </ref> However, if one is unable, one should at least have a [[Kezayit]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:2, Kaf HaChaim 291:5, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1 pg 399) </ref>
# If one is full one should eat at least a [[KeBaytzah]] of bread.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:16 </ref> However, if one is unable, one should at least have a [[Kezayit]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:2, Kaf HaChaim 291:5, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1 pg 399) </ref>
# This obligation applies even if one is not hungry, <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1. Kaf Hachayim 291:3 quotes the Chida saying that one should really make that extra effort because one would normally would eat a meal friday night and [[shabbat]] morning anyway so the afternoon meal is the only one that is clearly for the honor of [[shabbat]], and proves that the first two were as well. </ref> but if one can not eat at all then one is not obligated to pain oneself, as this would violate oneg [[shabbos]]. Nonetheless, a wise person will see ahead and leave room for Suedat Shelishit. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1 </ref>
# This obligation applies even if one is not hungry, <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1. Kaf Hachayim 291:3 quotes the Chida saying that one should really make that extra effort because one would normally would eat a meal friday night and [[shabbat]] morning anyway so the afternoon meal is the only one that is clearly for the honor of [[shabbat]], and proves that the first two were as well. </ref> but if one can not eat at all then one is not obligated to pain oneself, as this would violate oneg [[shabbos]]. Nonetheless, a wise person will see ahead and leave room for Suedat Shelishit. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1 </ref>
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