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Seuda Shelishit: Difference between revisions
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# If one is full one should eat at least a [[KeBaytzah]] of bread.<ref> S"A 291:1 </ref> However, if one is unable one should at least have a Kezayit. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:2, Kaf HaChaim 291:5, Yalkut Yosef (Shabbat vol 1 pg 399) </ref> | # If one is full one should eat at least a [[KeBaytzah]] of bread.<ref> S"A 291:1 </ref> However, if one is unable one should at least have a Kezayit. <ref> Mishna Brurah 291:2, Kaf HaChaim 291:5, Yalkut Yosef (Shabbat vol 1 pg 399) </ref> | ||
# This obligation applies even if one is not hungry, <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1. Kaf Hachayim 291:3 quotes the Chida saying that one should really make that extra effort because one would normally would eat a meal friday night and shabbat morning anyway so the afternoon meal is the only one that is clearly for the honor of shabbat, and proves that the first two were as well. </ref> but if one can not eat at all then one is not obligated to pain oneself, as this would violate oneg shabbos. Nonetheless, a wise person will see ahead and leave room for Suedat Shelishit. <ref> S"A 291:1 </ref> | # This obligation applies even if one is not hungry, <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1. Kaf Hachayim 291:3 quotes the Chida saying that one should really make that extra effort because one would normally would eat a meal friday night and shabbat morning anyway so the afternoon meal is the only one that is clearly for the honor of shabbat, and proves that the first two were as well. </ref> but if one can not eat at all then one is not obligated to pain oneself, as this would violate oneg shabbos. Nonetheless, a wise person will see ahead and leave room for Suedat Shelishit. <ref> S"A 291:1 </ref> | ||
==What to Eat?== | |||
# One must eat bread for Seudat Shelishit, however, if one is very full and is unable, then one should eat Mezonot. If that is also impossible one should have food which usually accompany bread such as meat or fish or at least fruit (cooked fruit is preferable). If one doesn't have fruit then one may use a [[Reviyit]] of wine. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Shabbat vol 1 pg 409) </ref> | # One must eat bread for Seudat Shelishit, however, if one is very full and is unable, then one should eat Mezonot. If that is also impossible one should have food which usually accompany bread such as meat or fish or at least fruit (cooked fruit is preferable). If one doesn't have fruit then one may use a [[Reviyit]] of wine. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Shabbat vol 1 pg 409) </ref> | ||
# According to Sephardim one should be careful to have two whole loaves of bread for Lechem Mishneh at Seudat Shelishit. However, according to Ashkenazim, it's preferable to have two whole loaves but it's sufficient to have just one whole loaf. <ref>S"A and Rama 291:4. SA is based on Rambam Shabbat 30:9 and Rama based on Tosafot Yoma 79b "minei" </ref> | # According to Sephardim one should be careful to have two whole loaves of bread for Lechem Mishneh at Seudat Shelishit. However, according to Ashkenazim, it's preferable to have two whole loaves but it's sufficient to have just one whole loaf. <ref>S"A and Rama 291:4. SA is based on Rambam Shabbat 30:9 and Rama based on Tosafot Yoma 79b "minei" </ref> | ||
# If one only has one whole loaf of bread and a broken piece one should use the whole one for Seuda Shelishit instead of saving it for Melava Malka. <ref> Biur Halacha 291 D"H VeLePachot </ref> | # If one only has one whole loaf of bread and a broken piece one should use the whole one for Seuda Shelishit instead of saving it for Melava Malka. <ref> Biur Halacha 291 D"H VeLePachot </ref> | ||
# One doesn't need to cover the loaves of bread before making HaMotzei, however, it's preferable to cover them | # One doesn't need to cover the loaves of bread before making HaMotzei, however, it's preferable to cover them. <ref> Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur S"A 291:9) </ref> | ||
==Timing== | ==Timing== | ||
# The earliest time to fulfill Seudat Shelishit is from 6 and a 1/2 hours (Shaot Zmaniot) into the day. <ref>S"A 291:2. The Behag quoted by the Ran Shabbat 43b "tanu rabanan" says that it could be eaten at any time of the day, but Tosfot Shabbat 118a "bimincha" and Rosh Shabbat 16:5 say that it is specifically at the start of mincha gedola. Shulchan Aruch rules like Tosfot and the Rosh. Aruch Hashulchan 291:3 says that you don't fulfill your obligation if you eat earlier than that. He says though in 291:6 that if one began before mid-day and had in mind to continue until after mid-day and fulfill his obligation then he does fulfill it. </ref> | # The earliest time to fulfill Seudat Shelishit is from 6 and a 1/2 hours (Shaot Zmaniot) into the day. <ref>S"A 291:2. The Behag quoted by the Ran Shabbat 43b "tanu rabanan" says that it could be eaten at any time of the day, but Tosfot Shabbat 118a "bimincha" and Rosh Shabbat 16:5 say that it is specifically at the start of mincha gedola. Shulchan Aruch rules like Tosfot and the Rosh. Aruch Hashulchan 291:3 says that you don't fulfill your obligation if you eat earlier than that. He says though in 291:6 that if one began before mid-day and had in mind to continue until after mid-day and fulfill his obligation then he does fulfill it. </ref> | ||
# The Minhag is to eat Seudat Shelishit between Mincha and Maariv/Arvit. <ref> Rama 291:2. Rabbeinu Tam quoted by the Tosfot Pesachim 105a "vihani milei", as well as the Rosh Shabbat 10:13 say that one should eat before saying mincha because it is forbidden to drink water between mincha and arvit on shabbat. Rambam Hilchot Shabbat 30:10 writes that it is best to eat it after saying mincha and the hagahot maimoniot hilchot shabbat 30:20 agrees and quotes a different version of rabbeinu tam. The Rama quotes both opinions and says that the minhag is to do like the Rambam. The Magen Avraham 291:5 says this is because of the prohibition to eat before davening mincha. Aruch Hashulchan 291:4 also says the minhag is that way also. </ref> If one is unable to have it after mincha one should have it before mincha. <ref> Aruch HaShulchan 291:4. Mishna Berura 291:11 says to make sure to eat before the time of mincha ketana arrives. </ref> | # The Minhag is to eat Seudat Shelishit between Mincha and Maariv/Arvit. <ref> Rama 291:2. Rabbeinu Tam quoted by the Tosfot Pesachim 105a "vihani milei", as well as the Rosh Shabbat 10:13 say that one should eat before saying mincha because it is forbidden to drink water between mincha and arvit on shabbat because drinking between mincha and arvit could cause harm to the souls that leave after shabbat. Rambam Hilchot Shabbat 30:10 writes that it is best to eat it after saying mincha and the hagahot maimoniot hilchot shabbat 30:20 agrees and quotes a different version of rabbeinu tam. The Rama quotes both opinions and says that the minhag is to do like the Rambam. The Magen Avraham 291:5 says this is because of the prohibition to eat before davening mincha. Aruch Hashulchan 291:4 also says the minhag is that way also. </ref> If one is unable to have it after mincha one should have it before mincha. <ref> Aruch HaShulchan 291:4. Mishna Berura 291:11 says to make sure to eat before the time of mincha ketana arrives. </ref> | ||
#Although it is forbidden to begin eating after sunset until one says havdala, <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1 </ref> and it is definitely preferable to eat before sunset, some poskim give extra time to begin the meal if one hasn't yet eaten seuda shlishit. | #Although it is forbidden to begin eating after sunset until one says havdala, <ref> Shulchan Aruch 291:1 </ref> and it is definitely preferable to eat before sunset, some poskim give extra time to begin the meal if one hasn't yet eaten seuda shlishit. | ||
*Mishna Berura 299:1 says that if one hasn't yet eaten the meal or is really starving then one can still eat until a half hour before the tzet hakovachim. | *Mishna Berura 299:1 says that if one hasn't yet eaten the meal or is really starving then one can still eat until a half hour before the tzet hakovachim. | ||
