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Rosh Hashana: Difference between revisions

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#If one forgot [[Yaaleh VeYavo]] in [[Benching]] on Rosh Hashana during the day one does not have to repeat [[benching]], but during the nighttime one must repeat [[benching]]. <ref>Mishna Brurah 188:19 quotes the Magen Avraham 188:7 who says one doesn't repeat [[Birkat HaMazon]] and the Eliyah Rabba who argues and the Mishna Brurah leaves it unresolved. Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 57:7(4) quotes both opinions and in note 25 he concludes that one doesn't have to repeat [[benching]] because it's a [[Safek Brachot LeHakel]]. Similarly, [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/764351/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Inyanei_Rosh_Hashanah Rabbi Hershel Schachter in a shuir] (min 41-43) mentions that some achronim hold that one doesn't have to repeat [[benching]] because there is an opinion that one is allowed to fast on Rosh Hashana. When asked whether this would be considered Safek Deoritta Lechumra he explained that even if one forgot [[Yaaleh VeYavo]] one fulfills the Deoritta obligation of [[benching]] it just that one didn't fulfill the din derabbanan to have a meal for [[Yom Tov]]. </ref>
#If one forgot [[Yaaleh VeYavo]] in [[Benching]] on Rosh Hashana during the day one does not have to repeat [[benching]], but during the nighttime one must repeat [[benching]]. <ref>Mishna Brurah 188:19 quotes the Magen Avraham 188:7 who says one doesn't repeat [[Birkat HaMazon]] and the Eliyah Rabba who argues and the Mishna Brurah leaves it unresolved. Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 57:7(4) quotes both opinions and in note 25 he concludes that one doesn't have to repeat [[benching]] because it's a [[Safek Brachot LeHakel]]. Similarly, [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/764351/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Inyanei_Rosh_Hashanah Rabbi Hershel Schachter in a shuir] (min 41-43) mentions that some achronim hold that one doesn't have to repeat [[benching]] because there is an opinion that one is allowed to fast on Rosh Hashana. When asked whether this would be considered Safek Deoritta Lechumra he explained that even if one forgot [[Yaaleh VeYavo]] one fulfills the Deoritta obligation of [[benching]] it just that one didn't fulfill the din derabbanan to have a meal for [[Yom Tov]]. </ref>
===Changes in [[Shemona Esreh]]===
#During the [[Aseret Yemei Teshuva]], the conclusion of the Bracha HaEl HaKadosh is switched to HaMelech HaKadosh. <ref>S”A 582:1, Kitzur S”A 129:3 </ref> If one forgot to say HaMelech HaKadosh and remembered within [[Toch Kedi Dibbur]] (2-3 seconds), then one should say HaMelech HaKadosh right then. <ref>S”A 582:2, Kitzur S”A 129:3 </ref> If one remembered only afterwards one must start from the beginning of [[Shmoneh Esrei]]. If one is unsure, it is assumed that one forgot. <ref>S”A 582:1, Kitzur S”A 129:3 </ref>
#The conclusion of the Bracha Melech Ohev [[Tzedaka]] UMishpat is changed to HaMelech HaMishpat. According to Ashkenazim, if one forgot, one doesn’t go back to the beginning of [[Shemona Esreh]]. <ref>Rama 118:1, Mishna Brurah 582:9 </ref> According to Sephardim, if one forgot and remembered within [[Toch Kedi Dibbur]] (2-3 seconds) then one should say HaMelech HaKadosh right then. If one remembered afterwards, some say that one should return to the Bracha of Hashiva, however, if one finished [[Shmoneh Esrei]] one must start from the beginning of [[Shmoneh Esrei]]. If one is unsure, it’s the same as if one forgot. <ref>S”A 582:2. Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 193) writes that this is the halacha and we don't say [[Safek Brachot LeHakel]] however it is more correct to stipulate: if I'm obligated to repeat [[Shmoneh Esrei]] then I'm praying for my obligation, and if the halacha is that I don't have to repeat my [[prayer]] should be considered a voluntary [[prayer]].</ref>However, some say that if one remembered after [[Toch Kedi Dibbur]] one need not repeat anything. <ref>Rav Mordechai Eliyahu in Maamer Mordechai (Aseret Yami Teshuva #19) based on Ben Ish Chai (Nitsavim #19). </ref>
#Three other additions to [[Shmoneh Esrei]] are the lines of Zachrenu LeChaim, Mi Kamocha, Ketov BeSefer Chaim, and UveSefer Chaim. One may not skip UveSefer Chaim in order to catch [[Kedusha]] with the congregation. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 205) </ref>
#On Friday night, the words HaEl HaKadosh are changed to HaMelech HaKadosh in the Bracha Mein Sheva that the Sheliach Tzibbur says. <ref>S”A 582:3 </ref>If he forgets and remembers before the end of the Bracha he goes back to HaEl HaKadosh, if he remembers after concluding the Bracha, he doesn't repeat it. <ref>Mishna Brurah 582:11 writes that if he remembers before the end of the Bracha he goes back, however, after he finishes the Bracha, there’s a dispute in the achronim. However, the Kitzur S”A 129:4 writes that unless he remembers within [[Toch Kedi Dibbur]] he doesn’t go back. </ref>
===Changes in [[Kaddish]]===
#The Ashkenazic minhag during the ten days between Rosh Hashana and [[Yom Kippur]] ([[Aseret Yemei Teshuva]]) is to say LeElah UleElah MeKol Birchata (in [[Kaddish]]) instead of LeElah Min Kol Birchata. <ref>Kitzur S”A 129:1 writes to say LeElah LeElah MeKol Birchata. Mishna Brurah 56:2, 582:16 agrees but adds a vav as follows LeElah ULeElah. Rav Mordechai Eliyahu’s footnote on Kitzur S”A 129:1 writes that the Sephardic minhag is not to change this for [[Aseret Yemei Teshuva]]. </ref>
   
   
===Other Practices during [[Prayers]]===
==Other Practices during [[Prayers]]==
 
''Note the relevant practices from [[Aseret Yimei Teshuva]]''
#Some have the minhag to stand bent slightly (hunched over slightly) during the Tefillot of [[Rosh HaShana]] and if one does so, one should make sure to stand straight for the end and beginning of each Bracha. <ref>S”A 582:4 writes that those who have the minhag to stand bent over for Tefillot on Rosh Hashanah should stand straight at the end of the Bracha. Mishna Brurah 582:14 writes that starting from Baruch Atta Hashem through the beginning of the next Bracha one should stand erect so that it doesn’t appear like one is adding the established bows of Chazal. </ref> Some say it’s preferable to stand straight for the Tefillot. <ref>Kitzur S”A 129:2 </ref>
#Some have the minhag to stand bent slightly (hunched over slightly) during the Tefillot of [[Rosh HaShana]] and if one does so, one should make sure to stand straight for the end and beginning of each Bracha. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 582:4 writes that those who have the minhag to stand bent over for Tefillot on Rosh Hashanah should stand straight at the end of the Bracha. Mishna Brurah 582:14 writes that starting from Baruch Atta Hashem through the beginning of the next Bracha one should stand erect so that it doesn’t appear like one is adding the established bows of Chazal. </ref> Some say it’s preferable to stand straight for the Tefillot. <ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 129:2 </ref>
#Some have the minhag to daven slightly out loud during Tefillot of Rosh Hashana. <ref>S”A 582:9 writes that one may daven out loud during Tefillot of Rosh Hashana and not worry about bothering others [[Davening]] since everyone has a machzor. Mishna Brurah 582:24 writes not to raise one’s voice too much. </ref> However, many authorities discourage this practice. <ref>Kitzur S”A 129:2, Chaye Adam 139:2, Kaf HaChaim 582:17, and Rav Mordechai Eliyahu’s footnote on Kitzur S”A 129:2. Kaf HaChaim 582:17 adds that if one doesn’t have kavana another way one may raise one’s voice slightly.</ref>
#Some have the minhag to daven slightly out loud during Tefillot of Rosh Hashana.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 582:9 writes that one may daven out loud during Tefillot of Rosh Hashana and not worry about bothering others [[Davening]] since everyone has a machzor. Mishna Brurah 582:24 writes not to raise one’s voice too much. Rav Mordechai Lebhar (Magen Avot, Orach Chaim 582:9) writes how in some [[Moroccan]] communities, one person recites the entire silent [[Shemoneh Esrei]] out loud, and everyone else follows along silently.</ref> However, many authorities discourage this practice. <ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 129:2, Chaye Adam 139:2, Kaf HaChaim 582:17, and Rav Mordechai Eliyahu’s footnote on Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 129:2. Kaf HaChaim 582:17 adds that if one doesn’t have kavana another way one may raise one’s voice slightly.</ref>


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