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Nine Days: Difference between revisions

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===Liquors===
===Liquors===
#Although the custom is not to drink wine during the nine days, one may drink beer, whiskey, liquor, cognac and arak. <ref>[http://www.dailyhalacha.com/m/halacha.aspx?id=2730 Drinking Liquor, Beer and Cognac During the Nine Days] by Rabbi Eli Mansour, Ish Matzliach footnotes to Mishna Brura 551:9:note 5 </ref>
#Although the custom is not to drink wine during the nine days, one may drink beer, whiskey, liquor, cognac and arak. <ref>Ohr Letzion 3:26:8, [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/m/halacha.aspx?id=2730 Drinking Liquor, Beer and Cognac During the Nine Days] by Rabbi Eli Mansour, Ish Matzliach footnotes to Mishna Brura 551:9:note 5 </ref>
 
===Grape Juice===
# The practice is to avoid drinking grape juice as well, including it in the practice of avoiding wine. <ref> Ohr Letzion 3:26:8, Chazon Ovadia - Arba Taaniyot pg. 176. see See Shu”t Minchas Shlomo (vol. 1, 64), Shu”t Rivevos Efraim (vol. 8, 177), Moadei Yeshurun (pg. 130) and Mesores Moshe (vol. 1, pg. 174 s.v. mitz) quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein. see also [http://hirhurim.blogspot.com/2009/08/grape-juice-during-nine-days.html Grape Juice during nine days ] by Rabbi Gil Student</ref>
 
===Accidentally Made a Bracha on Meat or Wine===
===Accidentally Made a Bracha on Meat or Wine===
#If, by mistake, one recited a blessing over meat or wine, he should taste a bit so that his blessing will not have been in vain. <ref>Sdei Chemed (Bein ha-Metzarim 1:4), Yabea Omer 2: YD 5. See also the topic of mistakenly making a Bracha on food on a fast day at [[Fast_Days#Other_Halachas_of_fast_days]]. </ref>
#If, by mistake, one recited a blessing over meat or wine, he should taste a bit so that his blessing will not have been in vain. <ref>Sdei Chemed (Bein ha-Metzarim 1:4), Yabea Omer 2: YD 5. See also the topic of mistakenly making a Bracha on food on a fast day at [[Fast_Days#Other_Halachas_of_fast_days]]. </ref>
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===Tasting on Erev Shabbat===
===Tasting on Erev Shabbat===
#One may taste the meat food on [[Erev Shabbat]] during the [[nine days]] but should try not to swallow any meat ingredients. <ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kihilchita 42:61 since the Magen Avraham 250:1 quotes the Arizal that this is part of the mitzva of [[kavod shabbat]] to taste the food to make sure it tastes good. </ref>
#One may taste the meat food on [[Erev Shabbat]] during the [[nine days]] but should try not to swallow any meat ingredients. <ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kihilchita 42:61 since the Magen Avraham 250:1 quotes the Arizal that this is part of the mitzva of [[kavod shabbat]] to taste the food to make sure it tastes good. </ref>
===Shabbat and Leftovers===
===Shabbat and Leftovers===
#One may eat meat on [[Shabbat]] during the Nine Days.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 552:10</ref> If one began a meal ([[seudat shelishit]]) on [[Shabbat]] and it continued into the night, one may continue to have meat, however, some are strict in this situation.<ref>Nitei Gavriel 38:4</ref>
#One may eat meat on [[Shabbat]] during the Nine Days.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 552:10</ref> If one began a meal ([[seudat shelishit]]) on [[Shabbat]] and it continued into the night, one may continue to have meat, however, some are strict in this situation.<ref>Nitei Gavriel 38:4</ref>
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===Havdalah===
===Havdalah===
#Since the minhag is not to drink wine, a question arises as to what we should do with [[Havdalah]]. For Sephardim one is permitted to use wine and drink it as usual <ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 551:10. Yalkut Yosef page 574 adds that one may drink the entire cup. </ref> while for Ashkenazim there are several possibilities. <ref>The Aruch HaShulchan 551:26 says some people have the Minhag to drink beer or another drink that qualifies as Chamar Medina. The Eshel Avraham 551 and the Chazon Ish (quoted in Imrei Yosher, pg. 4) says that those who say [[Havdalah]] every week over wine or grape juice should do the same during the Nine Days as well. Rav Moshe Harari in his Mikraei Kodesh 1:14 say it is preferable to use grape juice as this doesn't cause any joy, and Rav Moshe Karp in Hilchot UMinhagei Ben HaMetsarim chapter 4 note 74 says that in this situation an adult can drink it lechatchila. Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 says to preferably give it to a child. Mishna Brurah 551:70 says that it should be a minor above the age of [[chinuch]] but doesn't fully comprehend the concept of [[mourning]] the destruction of the beit hamikdash. Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun page 154 says the adults should drink the [[Havdalah]] wine. Darkei Moshe 551:9 says in the name of the Maharil that this can be done lechatchila. See piskei teshuvot 551:35 and Hilchot UMinhagei Ben HaMetsarim chapter 4 note 74 for more poskim who say this. </ref>
#Since the minhag is not to drink wine, a question arises as to what we should do with [[Havdalah]]. For Sephardim one is permitted to use wine and drink it as usual <ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 551:10. Yalkut Yosef page 574 adds that one may drink the entire cup. </ref> while for Ashkenazim there are several possibilities. <ref>The Aruch HaShulchan 551:26 says some people have the Minhag to drink beer or another drink that qualifies as Chamar Medina. The Eshel Avraham 551 and the Chazon Ish (quoted in Imrei Yosher, pg. 4) says that those who say [[Havdalah]] every week over wine or grape juice should do the same during the Nine Days as well. Rav Moshe Harari in his Mikraei Kodesh 1:14 say it is preferable to use grape juice as this doesn't cause any joy, and Rav Moshe Karp in Hilchot UMinhagei Ben HaMetsarim chapter 4 note 74 says that in this situation an adult can drink it lechatchila. Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 says to preferably give it to a child. Mishna Brurah 551:70 says that it should be a minor above the age of [[chinuch]] but doesn't fully comprehend the concept of [[mourning]] the destruction of the beit hamikdash. Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun page 154 says the adults should drink the [[Havdalah]] wine. Darkei Moshe 551:9 says in the name of the Maharil that this can be done lechatchila. See piskei teshuvot 551:35 and Hilchot UMinhagei Ben HaMetsarim chapter 4 note 74 for more poskim who say this. </ref>
===Birkat Hamazon over Wine===
===Birkat Hamazon over Wine===
#Even somebody who normally uses a cup of wine for [[Birkat HaMazon]], should not during the [[nine days]] except for on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 with Mishna Brurah 551:69, Kaf Hachayim 551:152</ref>
#Even somebody who normally uses a cup of wine for [[Birkat HaMazon]], should not during the [[nine days]] except for on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 with Mishna Brurah 551:69, Kaf Hachayim 551:152, Ohr Letzion 3:26:8 </ref>
 
===Stores or Restaurants Selling Meat or Wine===
===Stores or Restaurants Selling Meat or Wine===
#Although the custom is not to eat meat or drink wine during the [[nine days]], stores that sell meat or wine may continue to sell meat or wine because someone who is permitted to eat it, such as a sick person or for a seudat mitzvah may need it.<ref>Iggerot Moshe 4:112 </ref> One is permitted to leave his meat restaurant open during the [[nine days]], because the people who are eating meat during the [[nine days]], without the availability of kosher meat, may go to a non-kosher restaurant but he should preferably serve only chicken. <ref>Yechave Daat 3:38. For more on whether a meat restaurant may remain open, see [http://www.koltorah.org/ravj/Restaurants%20Serving%20Meat%20During%20the%20Nine%20Days.htm Rabbi Chaim Jachter: Restaurants Serving Meat During the Nine Days] </ref>
#Although the custom is not to eat meat or drink wine during the [[nine days]], stores that sell meat or wine may continue to sell meat or wine because someone who is permitted to eat it, such as a sick person or for a seudat mitzvah may need it.<ref>Iggerot Moshe 4:112 </ref> One is permitted to leave his meat restaurant open during the [[nine days]], because the people who are eating meat during the [[nine days]], without the availability of kosher meat, may go to a non-kosher restaurant but he should preferably serve only chicken. <ref>Yechave Daat 3:38. For more on whether a meat restaurant may remain open, see [http://www.koltorah.org/ravj/Restaurants%20Serving%20Meat%20During%20the%20Nine%20Days.htm Rabbi Chaim Jachter: Restaurants Serving Meat During the Nine Days] </ref>
===Buying Meat or Wine on Sale===
===Buying Meat or Wine on Sale===
#One is permitted to buy meat and wine during the [[Nine days]] for use after the [[Nine days]] if there is a sale, or he won't have time afterwards.<ref>Iggerot Moshe 4:112 </ref>
#One is permitted to buy meat and wine during the [[Nine days]] for use after the [[Nine days]] if there is a sale, or he won't have time afterwards.<ref>Iggerot Moshe 4:112 </ref>
===For Health Reasons===
===For Health Reasons===
#One who needs to eat meat for health reasons such as a child, pregnant woman, nursing woman, or an elderly or sick person is permitted to eat meat, but if he can eat chicken that is preferable. <ref>Mishna Brurah 551:64. Yechave Daat 1:41 adds that if they do, they are not required to make a [[hatarat nedarim]]. </ref>
#One who needs to eat meat for health reasons such as a child, pregnant woman, nursing woman, or an elderly or sick person is permitted to eat meat, but if he can eat chicken that is preferable. <ref>Mishna Brurah 551:64. Yechave Daat 1:41 adds that if they do, they are not required to make a [[hatarat nedarim]]. </ref>
===Children or Someone Sick===
===Children or Someone Sick===
# One who needs to eat meat for health reasons such as a child, a pregnant woman, a nursing woman, or an elderly or sick person is permitted to eat meat, but if he can eat chicken that is preferable. <ref>Mishna Brurah 551:64. Yechave Daat 1:41 adds that if they do, they are not required to make a [[hatarat nedarim]]. </ref>
# One who needs to eat meat for health reasons such as a child, a pregnant woman, a nursing woman, or an elderly or sick person is permitted to eat meat, but if he can eat chicken that is preferable. <ref>Mishna Brurah 551:64. Yechave Daat 1:41 adds that if they do, they are not required to make a [[hatarat nedarim]]. </ref>
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#One may eat meat at a meal for a mitzvah such as the meal of a [[Brit Milah]] and this includes the relatives and friend invited to the meal however, it doesn’t include those who just walk in to eat.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taniyot pg 196-7). Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 allows eating meat for a seudat mitzva, and the Taz there explains that only someone would normally be invited to this seuda, may partake in this meat seuda during this time. If the [[Brit Milah]] is scheduled to be performed before the [[nine days]], even if it has already been postponed, Shaare Teshuva 551:10 says you cannot postpone any further to allow eating meat, and one who does this is considered someone who breaches fences.  </ref>
#One may eat meat at a meal for a mitzvah such as the meal of a [[Brit Milah]] and this includes the relatives and friend invited to the meal however, it doesn’t include those who just walk in to eat.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taniyot pg 196-7). Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 allows eating meat for a seudat mitzva, and the Taz there explains that only someone would normally be invited to this seuda, may partake in this meat seuda during this time. If the [[Brit Milah]] is scheduled to be performed before the [[nine days]], even if it has already been postponed, Shaare Teshuva 551:10 says you cannot postpone any further to allow eating meat, and one who does this is considered someone who breaches fences.  </ref>
#One may eat meat a meal held for a [[Bar Mitzvah]] only if it’s held the day that the son becomes 13. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taniyot pg 200), Halichot Shlomo (Moadim vol 2 pg 415), Yad Yitzchak 3:230, Yad Efrayim 551:31, Divrei Yatziv 2:238. Divrei Yatziv actually says that if the bar-mitzva boy says words of torah, even if it's not the actual day that he turns 13 they can nevertheless eat meat. Even though this is not mentioned by the Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 as one of the meals you can eat meat for, Magen Avraham 225:4 says that a bar mitzva meal is a seudat mitzva, because just like siyum on a masechet is the celebration of the culmination of a mitzva, so too a bar mitzva is celebrating culminating the mitzva of [[chinuch]]. </ref>
#One may eat meat a meal held for a [[Bar Mitzvah]] only if it’s held the day that the son becomes 13. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taniyot pg 200), Halichot Shlomo (Moadim vol 2 pg 415), Yad Yitzchak 3:230, Yad Efrayim 551:31, Divrei Yatziv 2:238. Divrei Yatziv actually says that if the bar-mitzva boy says words of torah, even if it's not the actual day that he turns 13 they can nevertheless eat meat. Even though this is not mentioned by the Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 as one of the meals you can eat meat for, Magen Avraham 225:4 says that a bar mitzva meal is a seudat mitzva, because just like siyum on a masechet is the celebration of the culmination of a mitzva, so too a bar mitzva is celebrating culminating the mitzva of [[chinuch]]. </ref>
===Siyum===
===Siyum===
#One may eat meat at a meal held for a siyum and this includes the friends and family invited to the meal.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taaniyot pg 196-8). Although the Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 writes that one should minimize the amount of guests invited to this meal, Rav Moshe Feinstein and Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (cited in Nitei Gavriel 18:7), rule that if the one who completes the masechet eats in a communal dining room (such as a camp or hotel), all those who eat with him may participate. Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun page 132 says that preferably one shouldn't hold a siyum of a masechet after the sixth of av. Aruch Hashulchan 551:28 says that since nowadays we do not properly celebrate the torah, preferably no siyums should be held during the [[nine days]]. </ref>
#One may eat meat at a meal held for a siyum and this includes the friends and family invited to the meal.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taaniyot pg 196-8). Although the Rama Orach Chaim 551:10 writes that one should minimize the amount of guests invited to this meal, Rav Moshe Feinstein and Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (cited in Nitei Gavriel 18:7), rule that if the one who completes the masechet eats in a communal dining room (such as a camp or hotel), all those who eat with him may participate. Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun page 132 says that preferably one shouldn't hold a siyum of a masechet after the sixth of av. Aruch Hashulchan 551:28 says that since nowadays we do not properly celebrate the torah, preferably no siyums should be held during the [[nine days]]. </ref>
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