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Making Early Shabbat: Difference between revisions

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===Praying Mincha after Accepting Shabbat===
===Praying Mincha after Accepting Shabbat===


#Once one accepts [[Shabbat]] one may not pray [[Mincha]] of Friday but rather one must pray [[Mariv]] twice (for [[Tashlumin]]).<ref>Shulchan Aruch 263:15. Avnei Yishpeh 1:56 quotes Rav Yosef Shalom Elyashiv as saying that if one didn't actively accept [[Shabbat]] you can still daven [[Mincha]] afterwards because you haven't officially taken on [[shabbat]]. </ref>
#Once one accepts [[Shabbat]] one may not pray [[Mincha]] of Friday but rather one must pray [[Mariv]] twice (for [[Tashlumin]]).<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 263:15. Avnei Yishpeh 1:56 quotes Rav Yosef Shalom Elyashiv as saying that if one didn't actively accept [[Shabbat]] you can still daven [[Mincha]] afterwards because you haven't officially taken on [[shabbat]]. </ref>
##Some say that it isn't necessary to accept Shabbat actively and as long as one refrains from melacha one automatically adds to Shabbat. Therefore one could pray mincha without accepting Shabbat actively and still fulfill the mitzvah of adding to Shabbat.<ref>Chazon Ovadia (Shabbat v. 1 p. 266). </ref>
##Sephardim advise that one can stipulate that one is going to accept Shabbat for the purpose of melacha and not for the purpose of davening. So they fulfilled the mitzvah of adding to Shabbat but can still pray mincha.<ref>Chazon Ovadia (Shabbat v. 1 p. 266) explains that according to the Taz 263:3 the acceptance of Shabbat is like a neder and depends on what you decide to accept. Therefore, it is possible to accept melacha and not for prayers. He also cites the [https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=606&st=&pgnum=151 Eretz Tzvi 60] who says that one could stipulate that if Rabbenu Tam is correct one plans to accept Shabbat 30 minutes after sunset and if the Geonim are correct then he plans to accept Shabbat two minutes before sunset. Chazon Ovadia adds that one can rely on the Rabbenu Tam to pray after making such a stipulation since potentially one didn't yet accept Shabbat and mincha is only rabbinic. He adds another reason why it is acceptable since we follow Rabbi Yosi and for him it isn't night until the end of the ben hashemashot of Rabbi Yehuda.</ref>
#If one arrived in Shul which was up to [[Barchu]] of [[Mariv]] on Friday night and one still didn't pray [[mincha]], one should say [[Mincha]] in a different shul or outside that Shul but not answer Brachu before saying [[Mincha]].<ref>Shulchan Aruch 263:15, Mishna Brurah 263:58 </ref>
#If one arrived in Shul which was up to [[Barchu]] of [[Mariv]] on Friday night and one still didn't pray [[mincha]], one should say [[Mincha]] in a different shul or outside that Shul but not answer Brachu before saying [[Mincha]].<ref>Shulchan Aruch 263:15, Mishna Brurah 263:58 </ref>
#If the Tzibur did not yet reach [[Barchu]] one may pray [[Mincha]] in the shul even if they will reach [[Barchu]] while one is still saying [[Mincha]], nonetheless, it is preferable to say it outside the Shul (if the Tzibbur will reach [[Barchu]] while one is still saying [[Mincha]]).<ref>Shulchan Aruch 263:16, Mishna Brurah 263:63 </ref>
#If the Tzibur did not yet reach [[Barchu]] one may pray [[Mincha]] in the shul even if they will reach [[Barchu]] while one is still saying [[Mincha]], nonetheless, it is preferable to say it outside the Shul (if the Tzibbur will reach [[Barchu]] while one is still saying [[Mincha]]).<ref>Shulchan Aruch 263:16, Mishna Brurah 263:63 </ref>
===Eating the Meal Before Praying Maariv===
===Eating the Meal Before Praying Maariv===
# According to many poskim it is permitted to pray [[Mincha]] early, before or after [[Plag Hamincha]], then accept Shabbat, recite [[Kabbalat Shabbat]], recite [[Kiddush]] and have the [[Friday night meal]]. Then one would pray [[Maariv]] afterwards. One should be careful not to start the meal within a half hour of the time for Maariv.<ref>Magen Avraham 271:5, Mishna Brurah 271:11, Eliya Rabba 271:5, Rav Elyashiv (cited by Dirshu 271:3), Beir Heitev 271:4, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:4. Taz 271:4 also accept this practice as Eliya Rabba notes. Peulat Sachir on Maaseh Rav 117:1 notes that one could accept Shabbat for the Magen Avraham with a verbal declaration or by reciting Mizmor Shir Shel Yom Hashabbat.</ref> Some rabbis disagree with this practice.<ref> Rav Soloveitchik as quoted in Nefesh Harav p. 158 explained based on Rambam Shabbat 30:10 that there is an order for how the Shabbat day is supposed to be structured. First is a prayer and then there is a meal. That pair of activities is repeated thrice, once at night and twice during the day. See also Gra in [https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=35342&st=&pgnum=18 Maaseh Rav n. 117] who is quoted as saying that it isn't proper to have the Friday night meal before sunset unless one has already davened Maariv. [https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/799449/rabbi-hershel-schachter/hilchos-shabbos-4-inyonei-shalosh-seudos/ Rav Schachter (Hilchos Shabbat 4 min 32-4)] explained the Gra based on Rav Soloveitchik's explanation in the Rambam and connected it with Maaseh Rav n. 64 about seuda shelishit before mincha. However, the Peulat Sachir understands the Gra in Maaseh Rav n. 117 to specifically be about accepting Shabbat before sunset.</ref>
# According to many poskim it is permitted to pray [[Mincha]] early, before or after [[Plag Hamincha]], then accept Shabbat, recite [[Kabbalat Shabbat]], recite [[Kiddush]] and have the [[Friday night meal]]. Then one would pray [[Maariv]] afterwards. One should be careful not to start the meal within a half hour of the time for Maariv.<ref>Magen Avraham 271:5, Mishna Brurah 271:11, Eliya Rabba 271:5, Rav Elyashiv (cited by Dirshu 271:3), Beir Heitev 271:4, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:4. Taz 271:4 also accept this practice as Eliya Rabba notes. Peulat Sachir on Maaseh Rav 117:1 notes that one could accept Shabbat for the Magen Avraham with a verbal declaration or by reciting Mizmor Shir Shel Yom Hashabbat.</ref> Some rabbis disagree with this practice.<ref> Rav Soloveitchik as quoted in Nefesh Harav p. 158 explained based on Rambam Shabbat 30:10 that there is an order for how the Shabbat day is supposed to be structured. First is a prayer and then there is a meal. That pair of activities is repeated thrice, once at night and twice during the day. See also Gra in [https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=35342&st=&pgnum=18 Maaseh Rav n. 117] who is quoted as saying that it isn't proper to have the Friday night meal before sunset unless one has already davened Maariv. [https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/799449/rabbi-hershel-schachter/hilchos-shabbos-4-inyonei-shalosh-seudos/ Rav Schachter (Hilchos Shabbat 4 min 32-4)] explained the Gra based on Rav Soloveitchik's explanation in the Rambam and connected it with Maaseh Rav n. 64 about seuda shelishit before mincha. However, the Peulat Sachir understands the Gra in Maaseh Rav n. 117 to specifically be about accepting Shabbat before sunset.</ref>
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